• The Hankook-Saengyark Bo
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• no.256
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• pp.2-2
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• 2003

중국산 황기 4,862kg 국내산으로 위장판매 적발 - 안동시 노하동 한방생약 상가 조성 - 평창군, 희귀약용식물 직불제 실시(황기 만삼 하수오 토천궁 등 10종) - '사스'덕 홍삼 수출 활기

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.70
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• pp.135-157
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• 2016

Globalization of consumption, expansion of cross border e-trade, increase use of internet and mobile have led to rapid growth of world e-commerce particularly in Asia and emerging markets. Impacted by Korean wave, online export is continuously increasing, yet Korea is experiencing severe e-commerce trade imbalance. Export growth rate and ratio of Korean small companies are relatively low from OECD member countries. Therefore, Korean government is currently emphasizing on vitalization of online export to China to resolve trade imbalance and to increase export of small companies. To propose detail measures to vitalize online export to China, this study is focused on export customs clearance procedure of Korea and import customs clearance procedure of China in view of online export company. Also suggested countermeasure plan and analysis for the new tax revision plan related to e-commerce which implemented on April 8th 2016. This study have grouped countermeasure plan by short term plan of firms and long term plan of the government. As for the short-term countermeasure plan for firms, first, comparison analysis of tax rate on products is need to decide type of e-commerce strategy; second, if planning to start e-commerce business to China, sales possibility and certification check is necessary; third, through preparation of customs clearance document is needed; last in order to obtain price competitiveness, new logistics strategy and packing development is required. As for the long-term countermeasure plan for the government, I have suggested cooperated bonded logistics service for small businesses and operation plan of show room for promising Korean products.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.93-112
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the flow of e-commerce freight transported by maritime transportation for China and to identify the characteristics of cargo by region/item for finding the ways to promote e-commerce export to China. Thus, this study analyzed the e-commerce export and import data on cargo moved via maritime transportation between Korea and China from 2015 to 1Q18, using Origin-Destination(OD) analysis and visualization techniques. The results indicated that the largest number of Chinese e-commerce cargoes were imported at Incheon Port, which has a clearance facility for e-commerce cargo. In the case of Pyeongtaek Port, e-commerce cargo imported from China has transported to Incheon Customs again, causing the inefficiency through the customs clearance process. Unlike the case of e-commerce imports where the final destination is distributed nationwide, e-commerce products exported to China through maritime transportation were found to be mainly confined to Seoul and Gyeonggi provinces, where freight forwarding companies and forwarders are concentrated. In addition, unlike e-commerce import cargoes, e-commerce items exported through maritime transportation were mainly confined to clothing and cosmetics, and export volume was also less than imports. This study provides some possible strategies to increase the volume of freight and to attract export products as follows: i) to diversify products exported to China through e-commerce transshipment, ii) to diversify export items by building the cold chain in e-commerce transport with China.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.208-210
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• 2015

After the huge explosive accident in port of Tianjin, it is being strengthened on the dangerous goods regulations. This also has been make an extra impact which must meet international standards and even different parts became possible import customs regulations exporting from Korea. Since 2004, internationally in compliance with the enforced the transport of dangerous goods regulations (IMDG Code), but becomes substantial damage to the domestic industry that exports of dangerous goods is a lot of difficulties in the logistics of efficiency due to possible follows only the clearance to the needs of the Chinese Government. In Korea and secure hazardous materials management needs have emerged, but piecemeal ad hoc policy is connected economically costly and unnecessary regulations weighted long-term safe at the same time enables continuation of the development of the only domestic chemical industry to find effective hazardous materials management plan it is.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2015.04a
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• pp.989-992
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• 2015

해외 글로벌 쇼핑 사이트들을 통한 직접 구매를 일컫는 해외직구 금액이 2013년 5881억원 발생하며, 대한민국 전체 경제의 0.2%를 차지하게 되었다. 구입지역도 미국 뿐만 아니라 중국, 독일로 점차 확대되고 있다. 해외직구의 시장은 향후에도 지속적으로 증가 될 것으로 예측되는데, 이처럼 해외직구가 발전하게 된 성장 배경에는 내수시장보다 저렴한 가격, 해외 온라인 쇼핑 사이트들의 진화, 전문 배송업체의 등장, 커뮤니티 정보 공유 활성화 등으로 인하여 해외직구에 대한 폭발적인 반응으로 연결된 것으로 보인다. 하지만 최근에 정치권의 움직임은 해외직구를 규제하여 통제하려는 움직임이 크다. 제 물품을 확인하지 않고 목록 신고만으로 수입통관이 허용되어 허위 신고 가능성이 높아졌다는 것과 이에 따른 관세 탈루 및 마약을 비롯한 수입금지 물품의 국내 반입 위험성 또한 증가한다고 정부는 말하고 있다. 이것은 매우 잘못된 해석으로 판단된다. 소비자들의 소득 발생으로 인한 소비 할 수 있는 절대치는 감소하고 있는데도 불구하고, 국내 대기업들의 상품 판매 하락이 합리적인 가격으로 판매하고 있는 해외 사이트들로 피해자가 된듯한 표현을 하여, 해외 제품을 구매하려는 소비자를 규제한다는 것은 어불성설에 해당된다. 소비자들은 항상 합리적인 선택을 추구하려고 하기 때문에 여러 가지 요소들을 고려한다. 이러한 소비자들의 심리를 파악하여 국내 소비자들이 불만을 가지고 있는 내수시장의 가격 부분에 대한 심리적 회유책을 적용하여 가격 경쟁력에 대한 인식을 새롭게 고려 할 수 있도록 하는 개선안을 제시해 본다.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.40 no.6 s.111
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• pp.631-652
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• 2005

This study is to clarify regional structure and connection of international physical distribution through clearance depot of Cheongju customs of inland location. The trade of clearance depot of Cheongju customs industrial characteristics reflects of territorial hinterland. As origins and destinations of freight as exports and imports region, territories of Cheongju customs trade mainly with Japan, China, and USA. Origin and destination of freight of Cheongju customs territory are hinterland and foreland of Incheon International Airport and Busan port. In case of export, foreland of Busan port is board, and in case of import, the hinterlands of Incheon International Airport and Busan port are similar. Clearance depot of inland-located Cheongju is construct by the advantages of rapidness and inexpensive cost. And the kind of freight and system of physical distribution of each enterprise show different characteristics. For each export and import freight, each shipper corporation has its own physical distribution system, and structure of international distribution is classified into export pattern of bonded industry and bonded warehouse. Again the patterns of bonded warehouse are distinguished free on board price system with division of labor in base of production in overseas, free on board price system, and cost-insurance-freight with division of labor in base of production in overseas. These Phenomena are caused by transaction between headquarter and its overseas corporation, initiative freight handling of export corporation, choice of inexpensive cost, and international convention.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.152-157
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• 2014

This study was carried out to investigate the residual sulfur dioxide residues ($SO_2$) in commercial medicinal herbs in Korea in 2013. Among a total of 116 samples of 11 different kinds of herbs, 71 samples (11 Kinds) were domestic, and 45 samples (10 Kinds) were imported. The residual contents of $SO_2$ in the samples were determinated by a modified Monier-Williams method. Of the 116 samples, 6 samples (5.2%, 4 Kinds) failed to meet the regulations for sulfur dioxide residues of KFDA in medicinal herbs. Among 6 unsuitable samples, 1 samples (1.4%) were domestic, and 5 samples (11.1%, 3 Kinds) were imported. The highest amount of sulfur dioxide residues was 1546.3 mg/kg (Lycii Fructus) in the domestic samples. Regardless of region, $SO_2$ contents were not found at Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, Citri Unshius Pericarpium, Eucommiae Cortex, Forsythiae Fructus, Gardeniae Fructus, Leonuri Herba and Lonicerae Folium et caulis. These data will be used as a basic data for the future legislation on the regulation and control of sulfur dioxide of herbal medicines.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.275-296
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine ways of ensuring the efficiency and stability of import-export logistics in our country by introducing an advance presentation system of vessel manifest. This advance presentation system of vessel manifest has already been introduced in the United States, the EU and China whom our country has actively traded with, and the reinforcement of logistics security is a global trend. Under the circumstances, the introduction of the advance presentation system of vessel manifest is required to assist exporters to properly respond to changing trade practices as early as possible, and it's also necessary to exercise stricter control over an import criminal cargo. Our country should urgently introduce the advance presentation system of vessel manifest that is up to global standard, and the establishment of an internet based manifest consolidation and presentation system and the introduction of an export inspection system of port of loading are requested as well. If all the systems are introduced and work properly, that will make a great contribution to the efficiency of import-export logistics in our country.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.50
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• pp.103-130
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• 2018

This research aims to explore the associated linguistic features and functions of Chinese as used for business trading purposes, and which is based on a discourse analysis through a case in which a Korean buyer and a Chinese supplier have exchanged Internet based e-mails. The research questions include first, the linguistic functions and characteristics of Chinese shown as identified in this trade case through e-mails, second, the use of Chinese trade specific terms, and third, the apparent and dynamic negotiation strategies that are identified as followed by the cultural value systems which are used for resolving interest conflicts and issues between the buyer and supplier in the course of negotiating business contracts between two parties. The participants of this research pertain to a Korean buyer, James and a Chinese supplier, Sonya. The associated data consists of 74 e-mails exchanged between the two parties, initiated in an effort to begin and complete a trade item, in this case namely the product of napkin holders. The research for the study is based on the discourse analysis and empirically analyses models of Chinese linguistic functions and features. The findings are the following. First, as identified, the specific Chinese functions used and sequenced in this trade case are of a procedure, request, informing, negotiation and persuasion. Second, the essential trade terms used in this business interaction involve the relevant issues of 1) ordering and price negotiating, 2) marking the origin of the products, 3) the arrangement of the product examination and customs declaration for the anticipated import items, 4) preparation of the necessary legal documents, and 5) the package and transport of the product in the final instance. Third, the impact of the similarities and differences in the cultural value systems between Korea and China on the negotiations and conflict resolution during a negotiated contract between two parties are speculated in terms of the use of culturally based techniques such as face-saving and the utilization of uncertainty-avoiding strategies as meant to prevent misunderstandings from developing between the parties. The concluding part of the study discusses the implications for a practical Chinese language education utilizing the linguistic functions and features of the Chinese culture and language strategies as useful in business associations for trading purposes, and the importance of intercultural communication styles based on similar of different identified cultural values as noted between two parties.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.267-286
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• 2013

The WCO Time Release Study (TRS) is a unique tool and method for measuring the actual performance of Customs activities. The ultimate aim of TRS is to improve the performance of the function being measured. To be more specific, TRS is used for identifying bottlenecks in the international supply chain and/or constraints affecting Customs release, assessing newly introduced and modified techniques, procedures, technologies and infrastructure, or administrative changes, establishing baseline trade facilitation performance measurement, identifying opportunities for trade facilitation improvements and estimating the country's approximate comparative position as a benchmark tool. The effective utilization methods of TRS for trade facilitation in Korea Customs Services are as follows ; Firstly, it is necessary to make every efforts to identify bottlenecks in border-related procedures and improve their procedures for continuous and more improved trade facilitation. Secondly, it is necessary to optimize and simplify export-related procedures using the TRS in exportation for efficiency of total international supply chain. Thirdly, it is necessary to make coordinated border management with main trading partners. Lastly, it is necessary to enhance Korea's international status to support underdeveloped countries in the field of trade procedures.