• Korea Trade Review
• /
• v.48 no.2
• /
• pp.1-26
• /
• 2023

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate how internal capability adjustments made by subsidiaries in response to local market adaption and market changes, together with the use of internal and external networks, have an impact on the investment performance of such subsidiaries. From the empirical results, it was proven that the larger the extent of internal capability adjustment made by subsidiaries, and the more quickly and flexibly it is implemented, the more positive the investment performance is. The empirical findings also showed that in this process, the use of internal/external network embeddedness has a positive mediating impact on the investment performance. Additionally, the results of statistical analysis support the research hypothesis that external embeddedness has a greater mediating influence on multinational manufacturing companies entering Chinese market than internal embeddedness. It implies to the top managers of subsidiaries that the subsidiary should actively utilize external embeddedness to create a new locational competitive advantage in the local region, as well as develop a strategy to reduce foreignness costs such as cost of adapting to the local system.

• Korea Trade Review
• /
• v.48 no.4
• /
• pp.23-45
• /
• 2023

This study aims to investigate the relationship between institutional distance and FDI and focuses on China's outward FDI. The institutional distance between China and the host country is measured using the institutional quality published by the World Bank. This study collects panel data from 50 countries in which China invested from 2008 to 2019 and use the panel GLS methodology to examine the factors affecting outward FDI through three models. First, this study examines the impact of the absolute value of institutional distance on China's OFDI across all countries in which China invests. Second, this study divides countries with positive and negative institutional distance to China into two groups and examine the relationship between institutional distance and OFDI in each group. Finally, this study examines the non-linear relationship between institutional distance and OFDI from China. To test this, this study adds the squared term of institutional distance to the model. The results of the analysis are as follows Institutional distance is positively related to China's OFDI. The relationship between institutional distance and OFDI is inverted U-shaped in the group of host countries with relatively higher institutional quality than China, but positive in the group of low-quality host countries. In addition, China's OFDI is affected by a combination of institutional and economic factors. The results of this study have implications not only for FDI host countries but also for MNCs' choice of FDI destinations.

• Korea and Global Affairs
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.153-176
• /
• 2017

중국 경제성장에 핵심적 역할을 해왔던 광동성(廣東省) 동관시(東?市)는 지리적으로 근접해 있는 홍콩을 이용하여 줄곧 경제발전을 추구해 왔다. 1980년대 초반은 홍콩으로부터 가전산업 관련 중소 다국적 기업이 동관지역에 진출하여 생산 공장을 세우고, 그 후 1990년 중반에는 대만의 PC제조업체의 진출이 잇따르면서 현재 동관에는 정보통신산업과 PC부품 및 전자산업 중심으로 지역 산업클러스터가 발전해 왔다. 동관시 산업클러스터 사례는 개혁개방이후 중국 제조업 산업의 발전뿐만 아니라, 글로벌 시대에 해외직접투자와 아시아지역 후-후발산업국가에서의 지역경제의 성장 및 산업발전과정의 연구에 대한 이론적 시사점을 줄 수 있는 지역적 사례 중의 하나다. 본 연구는 광동성 동관시 지역산업클러스터의 사례를 중심으로 이론적으로는 지역산업발전의 내생적 성장요인 분석(NMID) 혹은 글로벌 생산네트워크와의 외부적 연계성을 기초로 하는 산업의 지역적 분화(GPN)에 대한 이 두 관점을 상호 비교하고, 글로벌 생산체계에서 공간적으로 현재 동관시 지역이 가지고 있는 산업클러스터의 위치와 역할을 설명하였다. 또한 산업적인 측면에서 생산네트워크 접근틀과 제도적 역량이라는 이론적 관점을 활용하여 중국 동관시 지역산업과 기업들이 보유하고 있는 상대적 경쟁력을 분석하였다.

• Journal of International Area Studies (JIAS)
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.217-244
• /
• 2018

As Chinese insurance market grows rapidly due to market reforms, China got recognition as second-largest insurance market in the world in 2016. However Korean insurance companies have had difficulties to grow in Chinese insurance market despite Chinese participation in the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the growth of chinese insurance market. The reason for the decline in Korean insurance companies is economic retaliation due to the deployment of THAAD in Korea. However, this is not a fundamental reason. The underlying cause of the effects of economic retaliation is the result of insufficient negotiations in Korea-China FTA services sector. In Service sector of Korea-China FTA, the level of concession between Korea and China differs greatly, when comparing China and South Korea's FTA. In addition, it has only been a few years since China collected the position of the WTO Doha Agenda, which currently deals with concessions on intellectual property rights and services. More important is that the Korea-China FTA service sector, as it stopped short of being protected by the most-favored-nation state treatment level when Korean insurance companies entered China. Further negotiations to supplement the weak points in the Korea-China FTA service sector were promised in December 2017, but international tensions over THAAD deployment made it impossible to hold such negotiations. However, due to changes in international affairs in 2018, the first additional negotiation was decided and held. This paper implicates strategies of further negotiation between Korea and China for service and investment chapter. Consequently, the aim of this paper suggests directions how to re-enter Chinese insurance market to Korean insurance companies.

• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.147-174
• /
• 2017

Korean companies currently operating in China have made active efforts to undertake corporate social responsibility activities and corporate advertising to improve their image, as well as marketing activities directly related to their products. In this context, this study aims to analyze how corporate social responsibility activities and corporate advertising influence a company's image from the perspective of Chinese consumers. This study also analyzes corporate image, consumer-company identification, and the structural relationship between the consumers' behavioral responses and their evaluation of Korean products. Based on theoretical discussions and previous studies, the study tests five research hypotheses for the development of a theoretical research model. In order to empirically test the research model, data were collected by enlisting and observing MBA students from major universities in China. The results obtained by actual analysis are as follows. First, corporate social responsibility activities and corporate advertising were found to be positively influential on corporate image. Second, corporate image is positively influential on consumer-company identification. The consumer-company identification of Chinese consumers' evaluation of Korean products, and positive evaluation of Korean products in turn induce positive influences on Chinese consumers' behavioral responses. These results suggest that the Korean companies already established in China not only need to enhance a positive corporate image but also have to make efforts to undertake corporate social responsibility activities and corporate advertising activities in order to improve their continuous and long-term relationship with Chinese consumers.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
• /
• s.48
• /
• pp.311-332
• /
• 2017

Currently, the world is making efforts to develop cultural industries around more refined parts of the world. The development of cultural industries has far-reaching implications for promoting national brands and national image promotion as well as economic benefits. In particular, China hopes to advance into its own animation market because it has an extensive animation market. In 2005 The Chinese government, however, banned foreign animation market from entering the Chinese animation market. However, at that time, Chinese animation firms also saw considerable economic losses because they had to undergo almost everything from animation to distribution to rationing. In fact, the policy was designed to protect Chinese animations, but instead of preventing Chinese animations from developing original contents, it caused various problems such as China's animations, or the development of Chinese animation industries. In this thesis, we will explore the policy related to animation industry in China, research and development of animation industry, and establish the direction of development of Chinese animation industry through suggestion of improvement in Chinese animation industry. For starters, we have diversified the contents of the Chinese animation industry by adapting the contents of the Chinese animation to the global market through the globalization of contents, stories and materials. Currently, animation is developing beyond 3D,4D and VR but there is no shortage of animation experts in China, so it is necessary to nurture specialized professionals by opening a related department in China. Also, the government will establish a National Animation Industry complex to work in various animation companies. We expect to develop cultural contents through mutual cooperation between animation companies in China and the sharing of information sharing and collaborative research.

• Digital Contents
• /
• no.12 s.103
• /
• pp.92-92
• /
• 2001

중국의 이동통신 시장은 이동통신 사업자들간의 경쟁적인 가입비 면제, 휴대폰 가격 인하 조치 등으로 가입자수가 급증함에따라 올해 들어 가입자수와 수익면에서 모두 크게 성장세를 기록하고 있다. 최근 들어 이에 따라 중국이 지난 7월말 이미 미국을 제치고 세계 최대 통신시장으로 부상했다는 보고서가 나와 업계에서 주목이 되고 있다. 삼성경제연구소는 지난 8월 21일 한 보고서를 통해 중국의 이동전화 가입자수는 지난해 9월말 6,500만명에서 10개월만에 두배로 증가하여 지난 7월말 현재 1억 2,060만명으로 미국의 1억 2,010만명을 제치고 선두로 나섰다고 보고했다.

• The Optical Journal
• /
• s.101
• /
• pp.22-25
• /
• 2006

2006년에는 특히 혁신을 통한 산업구조 고도화정책을 추진예정인 중국은 외자기업의 모회사와 자회사간 이전가격조사, 인민폐 외채 관리 강화를 통해 외자기업에 대한 관리를 전반적으로 강화하고 기존의 제조업 중심의 외자유입 체제를 서비스산업으로 확대해 나갈 방침이다. 중국 현지의 한국기업들은 중국정부의 정책변화에 부응하여 기존의 수출지향형 생산구조를 내수시장 진출형으로 전환하는 것이 바람직하며, 중국의 수출구조 고도화에 대응하기 위해 대중 수출제품의 첨단화를 추진해야 한다.

• Journal of Distribution Research
• /
• v.15 no.5
• /
• pp.195-215
• /
• 2010

Large-scale discount stores, that were in charge of leading role up to recently, reach the limit of growth because of increasing competition, saturation of domestic market, and shortened product life-cycle. As per the limit of domestic market, large-scale discount stores are trying to various global market entry strategy and global marketing strategy like new store entry, takeover of foreign distribution chain, and global sourcing strategy. In the past, global companies of advanced country have been entering to Asian market with leading position. But, as per the rapid growth of Asian economy in the late 1980's, East Asian distribution companies like Japanese company were trying to enter the Asian market. In Asian market, starting with China, that was relatively not advanced in comparison with economic development, not only western advanced countries but also East Asian countries like Japan and Korea are entering actively for overcome their limitations of domestic market. Many of distribution companies experienced success and failure for various reason already. Korean large-scale discount stores are relatively late starters in Asian market. So, this paper purposed to review global market entry strategy of Japanese large-scale discount stores, and find out strategic implications for successful global market entry strategy of Korean large-scale discount stores.

• The Hankook-Saengyark Bo
• /
• no.251
• /
• pp.2-2
• /
• 2002

LG홈쇼핑 협력업체 구속, 일파만파(중국산 재료 한약 국산으로 속여 판매) - 한약재 진위 감별도감 발간(식약청, 2002년 용역사업 공모) - 약초마을 조성 용인 원삼면 학일리에 - 한약재도 인터넷쇼핑 시대(한방관련 지식정보 제공) - 농산물 저장기간 2배연장 '천연항균제' 개발