• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.481-486
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• 2008

Purpose : The aims of this study were to test the efficacy of vapocoolant spray to decrease the symptoms associated with pain in newborns undergoing heel stick and intramuscular injection and compare the pain relief effect of oral glucose. Methods : Randomized, controlled study including sixty newborns undergoing heel stick and intramuscular injection. Group 1 was heelsticked, Group 2 was intramuscular injected, Group A did not recieve any treatment, Group B recieved 30% glucose solution orally, Group C was applied vapocoolant spray symptoms and signs associated with pain at heel stick and intramuscular injection were measured with the premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP) scale. Results : There was no significant difference in the PIPP score between intramuscular injected group control and heel stick group control (P=0.07). The mean PIPP score of Group 1A (control) $10.6{\pm}2.4$, Group 1B $5.5{\pm}2.0$, Group 1C $5.2{\pm}1.8$. The mean PIPP score 1B and 1C were significantly lower than control (1B P<0.001, 1C P<0.001). The mean PIPP score of Group 2A (control) $12.5{\pm}1.4$, Group 2B $7.0{\pm}1.7$, Group 2C $6.4{\pm}1.6$. The mean PIPP score 2B and 2C were significantly lower than control (2B P<0.001, 2C P<0.001). Conclusion : The antinociceptive effect of vapocoolant sparay is as effective as 30% oral glucose solution for pain control. So this study support the use of vapocoolant spray for reducing pain during painful procedure in the neonatal intensive care units.

• 발명특허
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• v.32 no.11 s.376
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• pp.60-62
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• 2007

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.42-45
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• 2016

Purpose Neuracep is used to other diagnostic evaluations of the brain to estimate beta-amyloid neuritic plaque density in adult patients with cognitive impairment and inspected cognitive impairment. $^{18}F-Florbetaben$ specially has moderate lipophilicity and property of the added ethanol. It is the subject of interest of the patient pain and residual activity after injecting. Our study is effective injection method of the radiopharmaceutical and patient care. So it is for the highest quality image. Materials and Methods Patients were targeted 70 subjects, it was injected mean $259{\pm}74MBq$ to the patients ($^{18}F-FDG$: 20 subjects, $^{18}F-FP-CIT$: 20 subjects, $^{18}F-Florbetaben$: 30 subjects). After injection (reflusing 2 times, reflusing 3 times) using a 3-way set, it measured the residual activity. When injecting $^{18}F-Florbetaben$, we evaluated the effective injection methods(3-way set method and heparin cap method). The average residual activity after the injection was compared using a statistical analysis of SPSS 12.0(ANOVA, t-test analysis). Also, elemental analysis was performed on $^{18}F-Florbetaben$ by GC (Gas Chromatography). Results When reflusing 2 times measured residual activity as follows ($^{18}F-FDG$: 1.48 MBq, $^{18}F-FP-CIT$: 7.4 MBq, $^{18}F-Florbetaben$: 32.6 MBq). And when reflusing 3 times measured residual activity as follows ($^{18}F-FDG$: 1.85 MBq, $^{18}F-FP-CIT$: 3.7 MBq, $^{18}F-Florbetaben$: 36.3 MBq). There was a significant difference when reflusing 2 times(P < 0.05) and reflusing 3 times (P < 0.05). But when reflusing 3 times, there was no significant difference relation FDG and FP-CIT (P > 0.05). $^{18}F-Florbetaben$ Residual activity according to the injection method was a significant difference (P < 0.05). GC analysis results were measured ethanol: 207665 ppm and acceton: 377.4 ppm. Conclusion $^{18}F-Florbetaben$ was high residual activity compared to FDG and FP-CIT. Heparin cap method was effective when $^{18}F-Florbetaben$ was injected. $^{18}F-Florbetaben's$ ethanol component analysis was highly measured. So it is recommended that inject to 6 sec/ml or more in order to reduce the pain.

• The Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Ultrasound Society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.10-13
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• 2008

Purpose: To evaluate the efficiency of needling and injection technique without steroid for symptomatic calcific tendinitis of the shoulder. Material and Methods: We chose 12 symptomatic calcific tendinitis patients, whose ages ranged from 35 to 64. Procedure ware dry needling and injection of prolotherapic agent near the lesion. Results: All the case revealed prominent improvement without limitation of shoulder function, especially in active painful stage. Conclusion: Sonographic injection technique for calcific tendinitis would be one of the good modality not only for symptomatic relieve but also good functional recovery.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.705-714
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• 2014

This study aimed at identifying the effect of vapocoolant spray and EMLA (eutectic mixture of local anesthetics) cream upon DPT (diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus)vaccineassociated injection pain in infants. A nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. The subjects were 49 infants, 19 of them for control group, 15 of them for vapocoolant group, and 15 infants for EMLA group. Pulse and oxygen saturation as pain indicators were measured before and after DPT vaccination. FLACC was also measured after vaccination. The data were collected between October 2009 and June 2010 and analyzed using SPSS WIN 20.0. EMLA group had significant a little changes in pulse (F=43.37, p <.001) and oxygen saturation (F=9.86, p=.003) compared to the control and vapocoolant group. But there was no difference in FLACC pain score among three groups. This results showed that EMLA cream is an effective agent for reducing DPT vaccination-associated pain. Therefore, EMLA cream can be used to reduce pain at public health centers and clinical settings.

• The Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Ultrasound Society
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.50-59
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• 2012

In the domain of orthopaedic surgery, application of regional nerve block for surgery or pain control in upper and lower extremities has been increased. By performing regional block of popliteal (sciatic), femoral, proximal saphenous nerve and ankle block under guidance of ultrasound, not only the safety, but also success rate of the procedure has increased, and amount of local anesthetics could be used less, too. Since the perineural single injection or continuous catheterization of diluted local anesthetics was performed more precisely and easily by the guidance of ultrasound, postoperative pain could be controlled without complications of PCA such as nausea, vomiting, etc. We will discuss about this ultrasound guided regional nerve block.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.85 no.1
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• pp.54-76
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• 2024

Facet joint arthrosis is a progressive degenerative disease that is frequently associated with other spinal degenerative disorders such as degenerative disc disease or spinal stenosis. Lumbar facet joint arthrosis can induce pain in the proximal lower extremities. However, symptoms and imaging findings of "facet joint syndrome" are not specific as they mimic the pain from herniated discs or nerve root compression. Currently, evidence for therapeutic intra-articular lumbar facet joint injections is still considered low, with a weak recommendation strength. Nevertheless, some studies have reported therapeutic effectiveness of facet joint injections. Moreover, the use of therapeutic facet joint injections in clinical practice has increased. This review article includes opinions based on the authors' experience with facet joint injections. This review primarily aimed to investigate the efficacy of lumbar facet joint injections and consider their associated safety aspects.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.144-148
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• 1990

정상인에서 Guanethidine Nicardipine Nitroglycerine Prostaglandin $E_1$을 피하주사하고 지속적인 복사열을 주사한 후에 Pain Meter NYT-5를 이용하여 동통역치를 측정하였다. 통증역치는 Guanethidine과 Nicardipine에 의해 상승되었으며 Nitroglycerine에 의해서는 거의 변화가 없고 Prostaglandin $E_1$에 의해서는 감소되었다. 이러한 변화는 지각신경섬유의 말단 감각수용체에 대한 감수성이 이들 혈관확장제에 대하여 서로 다른 작용을 나타내는것 같다.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.215-222
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was done to identify the effects of the distraction generated by character stamp and stickers on reduction of intravenous injection pain. Method: This study was conducted using a quasi experimental non-equivalent control group non-synchronized design. 60 preschool children who admitted to a Pediatric Department in a C University Hospital were selected as subjects. Convenience assignment was used. The two groups were homogeneous on characteristics. Results: In the experimental group, objective pain(t=3.666, p=.001), subjective pain (t=3.415, p=.001) and perceived pain by the mother(t=2.528, p=0.014) decreased after intravenous injections than the control group. There were no statistical significant differences in pulse rate or fear between the experimental and the control group.　Conclusion: These findings indicate that using character stamp and stickers could be considered as an independent nursing intervention for intravenous injection pain reduction in preschooler.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.275-281
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• 2010

The lateral pterygoid muscle is one of the masticatory muscles basic to jaw function. Because of its deep location in the masticatory system, digital palpation of the muscle is usually difficult to perform and unreliable. Therefore, diagnosis of the myalgic disorders involving the lateral pterygoid muscle is a perplexing problem for clinicians. Local anesthetic injection can be a more effective method to examine the lateral pterygoid muscle for the purpose of discriminating the source of pain. Furthermore, immediate elimination of muscle pain facilitates stretching of the muscle in the full range. We report two cases of lateral pterygoid myalgia that were diagnosed and managed successfully through the use of intramuscular local anesthetic injection.