• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.61-79
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• 2009

This study is for incompatible element contents of Perilla frutescens and Sesamum indicum from the Keumsan: biotite granite, phyllite and shale areas. In the soils, high elements are shown in the granite and phyllite areas, and in the areas of the Perilla frutescens. Positive correlations are distinctive within the granite for the Perilla frutescens, but the shale for the Sesamum indicum. These relationships can be explained with relative propositions of minerals containing the incompatible element. In the plants, high elements are shown in the shale and the Sesamum indicum are high in the comparisons of the same soil types. The low parts are mainly high. Regardless of the soil types, the lower and upper parts, respectively, are high in the Y, Zr and Rb contents for the Perilla frutescens, but, Ta, Nb, Th and U contents for the Sesamum indicum. Positive correlations are distinctive within plants of the phyllite. Comparing with the soil types, all HFS and Cs contents of the LFS in the plants are low with differences of several to hundred times, but high in the Sr contents with differences of several times. In the comparisons between plants and soil types, Y, Zr, Hf, Ta, Nb, Rb, and Sr of the phyllite and Th, U, Ba and Cs of the shale for the Perilla frutescens as well as Y, Zr, Hf, Rb, Sr, Ba and Cs of the phyllite and Ta, Nb, Th and U of the shale for the Sesamum indicum are chemically similar to the soils. In the comparisons of the each parts for the plant types, differences with the soils are big in the granite.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.212-223
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to investigate the plant community structure and identify the change for 13 years(1983~1996) of forest around Youcheon industrial complex, Korea. 27 plots(300$m^2$/1plot) were established in forest around Youcheon industrial complex. By DCA ordination technique, the 27 plots were classified into five communities, which were Pinus thunbergii community, Pinus thunbergii-Quercus spp. community, P. thunbergii-Eurya japonica community, P. densiflora-P. thunbergii community and P. densiflora community. It seemed that P. thunbergii-Quercus app. community and P. densiflora-P. thunbergii community succeeded to Quercus spp. community and it seemed that P. thunbergii community, P. thunbergii-E. japonica community and P. densiflora community would not be replace by another woody species. Soil pH was pH 4.38~4.61, there were bad soil for organic matters content and exchangeable cations(C $a^{++}$, $Mg^{++}$, $K^{+}$) content. Shannon's diversity, H' max and number of species were improved for 13 years. So did soil characteristics.s.s.s.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.395-403
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• 2011

This study was conducted to investigate the habitat positional environment and vegetation properties of Mankyua chejuense. The habitats were classified into two types depending on the depth of the habitat, the ratio of rock exposure, the dominant species and the surrounding vegetation, which affected the vegetation of the habitats. The habitats with a high ratio of rock exposure showed a distinctive geographical boundary to the adjacent region and most of them were composed of trees that grow in humid environment. On the contrary, in the soil-rich habitats, the depth was shallow, soil layer was well developed, and the trees were introduced from the adjacent areas. However, the dominant species in the herbaceous layer were aquatic plants, which indicated that the habitats had the properties of wetland. Therefore, it was found that thes habitats of Mankyua chejuense have the properties similar to those of marshland. For the preservation of Mankyua chejuense, it is very important to make the habitats maintain such properties of wetland.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.455-461
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• 2002

limiting nutrients for phytoplankton were determined by dissored inorganic nitrogen/phosphorous (DIN/DIP) in situ and algal bioassay experiment in the Seomjin River estuary during a study period from March 1999 to October 2001. DIN/DIP ranged from 14.7 to 681.1 during the study period. DIN/DIP was over 16 at the upper and middle estuarine region where salinity was lower than 25 psu and chlorophyll a concentration was high, probably indicating P-limitation in this region while the ratio was less than 16 at the high saline (> 25 psu) region, reflecting the supply of DIP from Gwangyang Bay and thereby indicating N-limitation at the lower estuarine region. These results suggested that the spatial distribution of DIN/DIP in the study region was controlled by the high supply of phosphate from Gwangyang Bay, the low input from Seomjin River and the active uptake by phytoplankton within the estuarine system. The bioassay experiments using Skeletonema costatum, Thalaasiosira rotula and in situ phytoplankton assemblage displayed relatively higher growth of phytoplankton in the P-added culture media, indicating P-limitation. This result was well consistent with the spatial distribution of inorganic nutrients. S. costatum showed a rapid adaptation to the low salinity compared to other phytoplankton species. This phenomenon seemed to account for the strong (> $90\%$ in total cell number) S. costatum bloom in autumn in this estuary. Moreover, although phytoplankton growth rate was higher in the P-added culture media at the end of culture experiment of in situ phytoplankton, the fast growth in the trace metal-added media at the beginning of the experiment suggested a possibility of limitation by other micro-nutrients such as trace metal and vitamin etc.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.331-341
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• 2016

A small irrigation pond for a rice paddy field is a very important refuge for aquatic insects and plants. To reveal environmental factors determining species composition of aquatic insect and plant communities, we analyzed water chemistry and connection between pond and surrounding in five types of irrigation ponds based on water source and connection in CCZ of South Korea: stagnation, exchange-stagnation, spring, stagnation-spring, and exchange-spring types. The stagnation type had the most stable water chemistry among the 16 irrigation ponds studied, and the spring type had the most variable water chemistry. Anion content was highest in the stagnation type, and cation content was highest in the exchange-stagnation type. 228 taxa including 63 wetland plants and 95 aquatic insect taxa were recorded. Six rare plant species and four rare aquatic insect species were identified. The stagnation-spring type had the highest species richness. There was no correlation between size and species richness. Multivariate analyses showed distinctive species assemblages among the irrigation pond types. This would indicate that water chemical change at annual cycle and connection influenced on the species assemblages in irrigation pond. In additional, irrigation pond contributes to regional biodiversity in agricultural areas, as irrigation pond provides heterogeneous communities for the freshwater ecosystem.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2004.05b
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• pp.977-981
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• 2004

댐 건설로 인한 인위적인 당류량 조절은 댐 하류지역에서 홍수 피해저감에 기여하고 있지만, 자연적인 유출 리듬이 파괴되며 유속, 수심, 건조지 확대와 같은 수량의 변동과 용존산소량, 영양염류, pH 같은 수질 변화, 그리고 하천 형태의 변화를 가져오게 된다. 하천에서의 생물 서식공간은 산림 등 육지 지역과는 단리 무엇보다 하천의 유체역학적인 영향을 받아 형성되고 발달한다. 인위적인 댐 방류량은 하류지역의 건조 면적을 증가시키기 때문에 하천 형태가 변화하는 결과를 가져오고, 댐 건설로 인하여 자연적인 홍수 유출이 급감하게 되면 건조면적이 확산되어 수변식물과 어류의 서식처 환경 변화를 유발하여 기존의 생태 균형이 파괴될 것으로 예상된다. 지금까지 국내에서 댐 건설로 발생되는 피해를 분석한 연구들을 분석해 보면, 수량 및 수질 변화에 대하여는 많이 제시하고 있지만 생태변화에서는 정량적인 피해를 제시한 연구가 없기 때문에 용담댐 건설로 인한 하류구간의 수변식물과 어류를 대상으로 정량적인 피해를 분석하는 것이 매우 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 용담댐 건설로 인한 인위적인 유출량 감소가 댐 하류 8km 구간에서 수변식물과 어류에 미치는 영향을 예측하고자 하였으며, 이를 위해 용담댐 기점 약 5km지점(조사지점 I)인 전북 진안군용담댐 감동리 주변지역에서 수변식물과 어류 군집에 내하여 2003년 5월부터 7월까지 3회 조사하였고, 추가로 약 1km지점(조사지점II)인 전북 진안군 용담면 월계리 주변지역에서 수변식물을 중심으로 2003년 9월에서 10월까지 2회 조사하였다. 수변식물은 조사지점(I)인 5km지점에서는 전체적으로 13과 21종으로, 벼과가 4종, 국화과가, 3종, 버드나무과, 콩과, 마디풀과가 2종씩, 바늘꽃과, 속새과, 십자화과, 장미과, 사초과, 삼과, 현삼과, 닭의장풀과가 각 1종씩 조사되었으며, 조사지점(II)인 1km지점에서는 15과 26종으로, 벼과가 4종, 마디풀과, 국화과가 3종, 버드나무과, 십자화과, 콩과가 2종씩, 바늘꽃과, 속새과, 자라풀과, 장미과, 사초과, 백합과, 현삼과, 골풀과, 닭의장풀과가 각 1종씩으로, 조사지점( I )보다 좀 더 많은 종이 분포하는 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 어류는 조사지점( I )에서 3회에 걸쳐 총 396개체가 채집되어 3목 8과 21종이었다. 이 중 한국 고유종은 11종이었고, 외래 어종은 검정우럭과 2종이 조사되었으며, Zacco platypus(피라미), Zacco temmincki(갈겨니), Acheilongnathus koreanus(칼납자루), Odontobutis platycephala(동사리), Coreoleuciscus splendidus(쉬리) 순으로 분포하고 있었고, Acheilognathus signifer(묵납자루)는 댐 건설 전에는 많이 분포하였으나 현장조사에서 서식을 확인 할 수 언어 개체수의 큰 감소내지 멸종된 것으로 추정되었다.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.86-106
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• 2019

We investigated the environmental conditions of natural habitats of T. nuda. The species was found on rocky northern hills ($60{\sim}90^{\circ}$) near the stream where the sea level ranges 95~145m. The average annual temperature of the habitats was lower than other places of South Korea. The differences of the lowest and the highest of the year was significantly huge than any other places. Plants were growing at the edge of stream that water reached but not submerged. Most of plants were found in North, Northeast or Northwest. It is suggested that these species require moist and low sunlight for growth. The common vegetation along with the T. nuda includes Mukdenia rossii, Selaginella rossii, Calamagrostis epigeios, and Rhododendron yedoense f. poukhanense. The dominance values and sociability of T. nuda were below 3 in all studied habitats and the variance of the number of individuals among the habitats was very high. As the optimum habitats for the T. nuda are decreasing due to the extreme precipitation patterns. It is also expected that the number of T. nuda will be decreased in the future. Therefore restoration activity in situ or ex situ must be conducted to conserve this valuable plant species.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.282-293
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• 2006

Mt. Seokseong is located $37^{\circ}15'15'{\sim}37^{\circ}17'00'N$ in latitude at $127^{\circ}09'30'{\sim}127^{\circ}11'00'E$ in longitude in Yongin. The investigated vascular plants consist of total 293 taxa: five forms, 45 varieties, 243 species, 175 genera, 75 families, 34 orders, four classes. Twenty two special plants designated by Environment Ministry were investigated: five grade for one taxon, four grade for one taxon, three grade for six taxa, two grade fay three taxa, and one grade for 11 taxa. As for the useful plants, there were 141 taxa of edible ones (48.1%), 68 taxa of medicinal ones (23.2%), 33 taxa of ornamental ones (11.3%), 62 taxa of industrial ones (21.2%), and two taxa of poisonous ones (0.7%) respectively. As the above results, there are abundant plant resources in this area. But it needed to protect natural resources in this area, because of threatening factors such as urbanization and/or industralization in the adjacent area.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2002.11b
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• pp.69-69
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• 2002

갯대추(Paliurus ramosissimus (Lour.) Poiret)는 갈매나무과에 속하는 낙엽관목으로 드물게 교목으로 자라며, 우리나라에서는 제주도에만 분포하는 것으로 알려진 희귀식물이다. 이 종의 주요 분포대는 동아시아의 열대 및 아열대로 제주도는 위도 상 북한계로 알려져 환경부 지정 보호식물 제 39호로 지정\ulcorner보호하고 있으나 자생지에 대한 구체적인 조사가 이루어진 바 없다. 따라서 본 연구는 자생지의 현황과 생육상황을 파악하여 자생지 보전에 기여하고자 실시하였다. 갈매나무과는 세계적으로 58속 900여종이 분포하고, 갈매나무속(Genus Rhamnus), 헛개나무속(Genus Hovenia), 대추속(Genus Zyzyphus) 등이 주요 속으로 알려져 있으며, 그 중 갯대추속(Genus Paliurus)은 과실이 건과이고 날개가 있는 특징으로 다른 속과 구별된다. 꽃은 양성화로 7월~9월에 피고, 화서는 수 개의 꽃이 달리는 취산화서, 열매는 반구형으로 과병에 연한 갈색의 복모가 있으며 얕게 3부분으로 갈라져 각 실마다 편평한 공모양의 종자가 1개씩 들어있다. 갯대추 자생지는 제주도의 동부지역인 북제주군 구좌읍 김녕에 1개소, 남부지역인 남제주군 남원읍 태흥에 1개소, 서부지역인 북제주군 한경면 용당에 1개소, 한경면 용수에 1개소, 한경면 신창에 3개소 및 남제주군 대정읍 일과에 2개소 등 총 6지역 9개소였다. 분포지는 해발 20m이하의 해안가 토심이 얕은 암반 위였으며, 주로 해수의 영향을 직접적으로 받는 곳이었다. 생육상황을 조사한 결과 바다 쪽으로 갈수록 수고가 급격히 낮아지는 경향을 보였으며, 최소 0.3m, 최대 4.5m였고 평균 1.6m 정도였다. 수반종으로는 순비기나무와 갯기름나물, 갯까치수영 등 해안식생의 구성종이 대부분이었으며, 돌가시나무, 상동나무 등도 혼생하는 것으로 조사되었다. 자생지 위협요인으로는 양식장 시설, 도로개발, 해안매립 및 쓰레기 투기 등과 같은 인위적 간섭과 상동나무 등 주변식물의 피압이 주 요인이었다. 한편 갯대추는 희귀식물로서 뿐만 아니라 해류에 의해 전파되는 종으로 알려져 있어 제주도의 식물지리학적 연구에도 좋은 연구대상이 되고 있으므로 종 보전대책 및 자생지 보호에 대한 추가적인 연구가 필요하다.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.586-591
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• 2006

This study investigated the flora and the main vegetation of naturalized plants in order to compare the change of distribution in Limja Island, South Korea from 1999 to July, 2005. Flora of naturalized plants in surveyed site were the 1st survey 1999 year, 14 families 45 taxa, the 2nd survey 2005 year, total 14 families 54 taxa including 53 species 1 variety. which new 9 taxa included as Eragrostis curvula, Festuca myuros, Panicum dichotomiflorum, Atriplex hastata, Abutilon avicennae, Aster subulatus, Coreopsis lanceolata, Cosmos sulphureus, Cerastium glomeratum, etc. By the community table, the main vegetation communities in the surveyed sites were classified as Phytolacca americana, Rumux crispus, Bromus catharticus, Erigeron annuus - Erigeron canadensis, Oenothera odorata, Paspalum distichum, Festuca myuros, Cosmos sulphureus community. it is believed that the species of naturalized plants have increased compared to other areas due to their close location to the living habitation.