• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.345-357
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• 2023

Nuclear forensics has been understood as a mendatory component in the international society for nuclear material control and non-proliferation verification. Radiochronometry of nuclear activities for nuclear forensics are decay series characteristics of nuclear materials and the Bateman equation to estimate when nuclear materials were purified and produced. Radiochronometry values have uncertainty of measurement due to the uncertainty factors in the estimation process. These uncertainties should be calculated using appropriate evaluation methods that are representative of the accuracy and reliability. The IAEA, US, and EU have been researched on radiochronometry and uncertainty of measurement, although the uncertainty calculation method using the Bateman equation is limited by the underestimation of the decay constant and the impossibility of estimating the age of more than one generation, so it is necessary to conduct uncertainty calculation research using computer simulation such as Monte Carlo method. This highlights the need for research using computational simulations, such as the Monte Carlo method, to overcome these limitations. In this study, we have analyzed mathematical models and the LHS (Latin Hypercube Sampling) methods to enhance the reliability of radiochronometry which is to develop an uncertainty algorithm for nuclear material radiochronometry using Bateman Equation. We analyzed the LHS method, which can obtain effective statistical results with a small number of samples, and applied it to algorithms that are Monte Carlo methods for uncertainty calculation by computer simulation. This was implemented through the MATLAB computational software. The uncertainty calculation model using mathematical models demonstrated characteristics based on the relationship between sensitivity coefficients and radiative equilibrium. Computational simulation random sampling showed characteristics dependent on random sampling methods, sampling iteration counts, and the probability distribution of uncertainty factors. For validation, we compared models from various international organizations, mathematical models, and the Monte Carlo method. The developed algorithm was found to perform calculations at an equivalent level of accuracy compared to overseas institutions and mathematical model-based methods. To enhance usability, future research and comparisons·validations need to incorporate more complex decay chains and non-homogeneous conditions. The results of this study can serve as foundational technology in the nuclear forensics field, providing tools for the identification of signature nuclides and aiding in the research, development, comparison, and validation of related technologies.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.81-88
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to improve and modify the evaluation method of load carrying capacity for simply supported PSC I Typed girder bridge. To do this, conventional ASD(Allowable Stress Design) and USD(Ultimate Strength Design) evaluation method were initially investigated and it was evaluated that the conventional USD evaluation method may perform the load carrying capacity as conservative because it do not consider the prestressing upper-force effect of simply supported PSC I Typed girder bridge. To reasonably evaluate the load carrying capacity, the upper-force effect should be considered to the PSC I Typed girder bridge. Thus, in this study, the MUSD method was Suggested and compared to the nonlinear FEM based-load carrying capacity using the live load factor and the efficiency of the evaluation method of load carrying capacity was investigated by experimental and analytical result. In the result of this study, the suggested MUSD evaluation method showed a reasonable evaluating result for the simply supported PSC bridge. For the new technique of load carrying capacity based on the nonlinear FEM analysis, it could effectively simulate the load-deflection relationship and the load carrying capacity of the PSC I Typed girder bridge.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.59-66
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• 2008

In the construction site, to improve the man-dependent form work, non-stripping form has been studied but the developed non-stripping form was hard to applied with respect to the cost, form size and performance. This study is for evaluating the adaptability of the developed non-stripping form named as high performance permanent form (HPPF). To do this, the analytical approach and parametric study were performed based on the research for fundamental material characteristic of the HPPF. The target concrete structure is a wall structure because of its effectiveness of HPPF. To evaluate the structural efficiency of the HPPF applied wall structure, FEM analysis was performed to decide the maximum placing height at one time then it was applied to design the wall structure. In the result of the analysis, the HPPF applied wall structure showed the lots of advantages that it can reduce the cost resulted from reducing concrete and steel rebar even if it has same structural performance to the conventional concrete wall structure with same dimension. With this analysis result, it can be evaluated that the HPPF applied concrete structure can be a concrete structure with the long term durability in site.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.553-560
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• 2024

In the 1970s, South Korea under Park Chung-hee's regime emphasized economic development along with anti-communism and nationalism. At the same time, North Korea, under Kim Il-sung, reinforced its ideology centered on Juche (self-reliance) and anti-foreign sentiment. This study aims to identify the characteristics of how state ideologies were visually represented and functioned through animation during this period. The research follows a three-part approach: First, it examines the socio-cultural context of South and North Korean animation. Second, it explores John B. Thompson's five modes of ideological operation-legitimation, dissimulation, unification, fragmentation, and reification. Third, it conducts a comparative analysis of South Korea's General Ttoli - The Third Tunnel (1978) and North Korea's Squirrel and Hedgehog (16 episodes), both produced in the 1970s. The analysis reveals that while there are similarities in the five modes of ideological operation-legitimation, dissimulation, unification, fragmentation, and reification-distinct characteristics emerge in each animation. General Ttoli portrays South Korea as a defender of democracy and freedom, demonizes the enemy, features a superhero grounded in entertainment, highlights the inequalities and human rights abuses in North Korean society. On the other hand, Squirrel and Hedgehog presents an advanced form of socialism, denigrates its enemies, emphasizes collectivism, features a growth-oriented hero character supported by allies, depicts an ideal society of equality, and prioritizes educational purposes.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.45-55
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• 2024

This study aims to distinguish between utilitarian walking and leisure walking activities and analyze the correlation between these types of walking and the walking environment. To measure the walking environment, we utilized Google Street View (GSV) and employed semantic segmentation deep learning techniques to quantitatively assess urban walking environment elements as perceived by pedestrians. A survey was conducted to measure utilitarian walking, leisure walking, and perceived walking environment satisfaction, collecting valid responses from 192 participants. Using the survey data, we visualized utilitarian walking, leisure walking, and perceived walking environment satisfaction, and analyzed the correlation between these variables and the walkability scores. The results indicated that leisure walking had a significant positive correlation with walkability (Pearson's r = 0.121, p-value = 0.012), while there was no significant correlation between utilitarian walking and walkability (Pearson's r = 0.093, p-value = 0.055). These findings suggest that people prioritize mobility efficiency over the walking environment for utilitarian walking, whereas the quality of the walking environment significantly influences the frequency of leisure walking. Based on these results, the study proposes specific strategies to improve the walking environment around residential areas to promote leisure walking. These strategies include creating vertical gardens or various forms of three-dimensional gardens on narrow walkways and improving sidewalk design. The findings of this study can contribute to promoting leisure walking by creating walk-friendly environments, ultimately enhancing urban sustainability and the quality of life for residents.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.69-85
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• 2024

The creation of open spaces has both direct and indirect impacts on the local economy, society, culture, and environment. Since the public usually finances these spaces, it is necessary to ensure procedural rationality by promoting consensus among residents and other stakeholders. This study examines the extent of public participation in the creation of open spaces and summarizes trends. By analyzing seven cases of open space development based on participation in South Korea, the study identifies the characteristics and progression of participation during four phases of the development process in the Gwanghwamun Plaza Restructuring Project (2016-2022). During the agenda-setting phase, the Gwanghwamun Forum was convened to establish agendas for the plaza's restructuring. The design and governance phase included a design competition to select a proposal for the plaza, alongside the establishment of the Gwanghwamun Citizens' Committee for governance. Despite proactive efforts in the conflict resolution phase to halt extensive restructuring and enhance communication, civic groups opposed the project by presenting five distinct agendas. In the implementation phase, multiple public participation programs were conducted before the plaza's reopening. The study found that public participation in the Gwanghwamun Plaza project faced challenges such as inadequate participation conditions, limited information sharing, and monotonous participation opportunities. Although the institutional environment for public participation is improving, practical limitations remain. Therefore, a comprehensive examination of open space creation through public participation is necessary.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.499-505
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• 2024

To address the issue of global warming, various regulations and policies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions are being implemented. In this context, the number of countries targeting carbon neutrality, the latter of which entails reducing net carbon emissions to zero, is increasing, and small modular reactors (SMRs) are investigated extensively as a new model for power plants. SMRs, although measuring only 5%-10% of the size of conventional large nuclear power plants, are highly efficient systems that can generate hundreds of megawatts of power. Compared with fossil fuel-based power plants, SMRs generate less carbon emissions and can complement the unstable energy supply from renewable sources. However, the use of SMRs is opposed by local residents owing to the risk of significant radioactive-material leakage when a nuclear-power-plant accident occurs. Hence, floating, small nuclear-power vessels are being investigated and installed in the ocean, thus simplifying the process of securing land, compensating nearby residents, and increasing safety against natural disasters. In this study, the towing stability of SMR power ships is analyzed, and the result shows no significant risk of towing to the destination in sea states 3, 4, and 5.

• Korean Journal of Gerontological Social Welfare
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• v.73 no.1
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• pp.343-359
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• 2018

With March 1st, 1947 being a starting point, the Jeju 4·3 occurred on April 3rd, 1948, the same period during which the cold war system was going between the United States of America and the Soviet Union, following the Second World War. At that time, from 20,000 to as many as 30,000 local residents became victims of the power exercised mostly by the central government. Despite the great number of casualties, however, there has been little qualitative research covering the trauma of 4·3 survivors so far. In addition, as the number of survivors is declining with age, there is an urgent need of more studies on their psychological trauma. As such, this study analyzed the data obtained from the field research notes of in-depth interviews with 16 4·3 survivors, adopting thematic analysis. The findings of the research reveal that the survivors have been experiencing frequent flashbacks and invasions in their daily life. Not only does the aftereffect of witnessing the massacre still have an impact on their lives, but they also re-experience it in their dreams. Moreover, rooted deeply in the minds of the survivors is the sense of regret for the victims who were killed without ever getting a chance to enjoy the material affluence of the present day. Even so, the survivors have been struggling to cope with psychological distress on their own, rather than share it with others. This study aims to vividly convey the trauma suffered by Jeju 4·3 survivors through their voices, and further, to provide basic data in order to understand and sympathize the psychological wounds of 4·3 survivors.

• The Journal of Special Children Education
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.243-268
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine parents' perception of barriers and support plans to leisure participation for middle and high school students with disabilities. Method: The subjects of this study were 172 parents who had middle and high school students attending special schools. The study surveyed subjects' perceived barriers and support plans to leisure participation for their children. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS to produce descriptive statistics independent t-test, and one way ANOVA. Results: As the results, first, there were no significant differences in barrier factors between gender, but 'lack of facilities and places', 'negative awareness of neighborhood', 'lack of programs and equipments' factors had significant differences between school levels. As well there were significant differences among types of disabilities in all barrier factors. Second, there were no differences in support plans between gender but, there were significant differences between school levels in 'support teachers' club activity', 'improve awareness of the community to disabilities' and, 'financial support' factors. As well, all factors under support plans appeared significant differences among types of disability groups. Conclusion: Therefore this study strongly suggests that remove barriers and support strategies suit in disability types rather than gender for effective leisure participation in youth with disabilities.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.195-200
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to propose optimized cognitive warfare strategies for the Korean Peninsula by analyzing recent war case studies. Through the analysis of the Armenia-Azerbaijan war, the Israel-Palestine conflict, the Ukraine-Russia war, and the Israel-Hamas conflict, it was found that the following aspects are crucial in conducting cognitive warfare: 1) applying methods according to objectives, 2) organizing and structuring appropriately to the objectives and means, and 3) utilizing various means from both civilian and military sectors. Based on these findings, cognitive warfare strategies optimized for the operational environment of the Korean Peninsula were suggested in terms of the three elements of military innovation. From the aspect of methodology, it is recommended to develop cognitive warfare scenarios based on legitimacy and legality, and to integrate roles according to the level of warfare. Regarding organization and structuring, the establishment of a national-level control tower and the construction of an integrated response system involving civilians, government, military, and police based on legislation are proposed. In terms of means, it is suggested to utilize various tools from the civilian, government, military, and police sectors, such as North Korean defectors, psychological warfare broadcasts against North Korea, social media, and cyber operations, for auditory, visual, and message delivery. In future battlefields characterized by hyper-connectivity and hyper-intelligence, the execution of cognitive warfare will become increasingly important. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously develop optimized cognitive warfare strategies for the Korean Peninsula through comprehensive national efforts.