• The Critical Review of Religion and Culture
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• no.29
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• pp.134-167
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• 2016

This paper aims at exploring the characteristics and meanings of religious freedom controversy surrounding religious education, with special reference to proselytism, in protestant mission school in recent Korea. Most of protestant mission schools have been providing students compulsory religion class and chapel service in the name of religious education. According to the school authorities, religious education should be provided for the realization of founding philosophy, and they say that mission school has the right to religious education. On the contrary, many non-christian students argue that their religious liberty is seriously violated by required religious education especially compulsory chapel worship. So serious conflicts broke between mission school authorities and students. Supreme Court decided that Soongsil University has the right to maintain compulsory chapel service, ruling that Daegwang High School should not maintain required chapel worship. It seems that Supreme Court gave different decisions to high school and university respectively, considering the differences between high school and university in application for admission to a school, students' critical consciousness, school's autonomous rights, etc. However, these precedents are being challenged by many peoples and groups. There are three agents which are involved in religious freedom controversy in mission school. The first are mission school authorities supported by religious groups, the second government supported by political parties, and the third mission school students guided by NGO. Among them protestant groups are playing the major role in making religious freedom problems in mission school. Protestant groups try to convert mission school students to protestantism by compulsory chapel service and religion class. Such a protestant proselytism becomes a cause of oppressing students' human rights and religious liberty. In this situation government has a responsibility to protect the students' rights to religious freedom. But government seldom impose sanctions on the protestant mission schools' compulsory programs. The reason why government does not restrict mission school's unlawful religious education is because protestant groups have strong influence in voting. Eventually civil movements organizations involved in religious freedom controversy for the sake of students's human rights. In conclusion, the assailment is protestant proselytism, the accessory is government, the victim is students in the religious education in mission school in recent Korea.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.836-842
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• 2009

On April 14, 2008, National Human Rights Commission of Korea's recommendation led to severe argument that hiring qualification of religious school. it shall not be an unlawful employment practice for a school, college, university, or other educational institution or institution of learning to hire and employ employees of a particular religion if such organizations is, in whole or in substantial part, owned, supported, controlled, or managed by a particular religion or by a particular religious corporation, association, or society, or if the curriculum of such organizations is directed toward the propagation of a particular religion. An employer is a "religious organization" entitled to the exemption. So If the employer is a school, its history and mission, the religion of the faculty and students, and the religious focus of the curriculum must be examined. Consequently it is possible for religious educational institution to reject specific religionist.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.456-466
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• 2014

This is a study of George Lindbeck's postliberalism that views religion as a cultural-linguistic approach. Knowing that the conceptual-propositional approach of the traditional Christian theology and the experiential-expressive approach of liberalism cannot be a solution for the post-modem religious phenomenon, George Lindbeck proposes an alternative. He proposes a cultural-linguistic approach to overcome the previous approaches. The first insight of Lindbeck's postliberalism is to understand religion as culture or language, because human beings become acquainted with a religion as they learn a language. The second insight comes out of the first, to understand doctrine as grammar. If we understand religion and doctrine this way the troubles and conflicts among religions will be resolved naturally, because each religion can be interpreted in its own system just as a language cannot be said to be good or bad, right or wrong. This approach makes several contributions as follows: it promotes a dialogue among religions, it emphasizes practice; and it preserves the Bible as an authoritative theological text. However it also brings many limitations as follows: it emphasizes the church's interpretation rather than the text's own interpretation; it views the truth simply as coherence; it promotes radical relativism and elitism; and through theological eschatology he makes his theory return to a propositionalism. Accordingly, the researcher concludes that Lindbeck's cultural-linguistic theory of religion is not an alternative that overcomes the limitations of theological conservativism and liberalism.

• Trans-
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• v.4
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• pp.65-86
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• 2018

In this paper, I chose one of various agenda for life in a philosophical film world view and explored the core of dialectical relation between free will and responsibility. Freedom and responsibility, Existential and inferiority, etc, The conflict of humanity on the crisis of faith have been A comparative study based on the discussions of East Asian religious philosophy and Western philosophy. Including compare the three commonalities and differences with Jean Paul Sartre's 'subjectivity ideology due to the existence of free will' on existentialism in contemporary Western philosophy and The theory of the 'moral autonomy originating in the good will' of the Enlightenment philosopher Immanuel Kant and Concept of 'consciousness' of the life essence of Keiji Nishitani Based on the analysis of the film. In addition, the problem of free will in the viewpoint of nature, along with the individual's point of view, is comprehensively supplemented by the idea of the "nothingness" of the philosopher Zhuang Zhou. A selection of the Polish film Dekalog: Eight and make a basic conclusion of the final by argumentation and analysis as a case of the dialectical relation between the free will and responsibility.

• The Critical Review of Religion and Culture
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• no.25
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• pp.195-241
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• 2014

When the objective of a modern state focuses on securing basic human right of an individual and realizing public good in a state community, the direction of policy on religion of a state can not deviate far away from such objective. Meanwhile, the policy on religion of modern states today mostly takes the church and state separation principle as its basis. The states secure religious freedom and enforce the separation of church and state by differentiating religion and the mundane world and establishing the relation between the two. This study examined the church and state separation principle, which is an important system device of recent age nation-states, and explored the possibility of more active policy on religion. First, the relationship among religion, state and politics was examined from more structural and functional viewpoint. Next, how the separation of church and state principle has become recent age political principle and what was the settlement process of church and state separation in other countries are summarized. At last, the actual situation of church and state separation in Korea, the structural limitation of it and the direction of policy on religion are examined. The application experience of church and state separation principle is quite short in Korean society. In addition, when there is a religious issue, there is the trend of evading the issue unconditionally or responding to it passively. However, the religious culture in Korean society is one of the biggest cultural resources and social assets. Since it has big potential as driving force for the advance of state, it is regretful to leave religion alone as it is. Therefore, this study explored the original limitations of church and state separation principle which are limiting the religious policy of of state and searched for a theoretical basis for the utilization of resources in religious culture as driving force of state by overcoming the limitations. This study examined the situation in Korea by paying attention to how differently the church and state separation principle is being applied in other states, The separation of church and state, which is the basis of policy on religion in Korea, belongs to 'similar separation type' like in Japan; therefore, there is a trend of doctrinaire interpretation or arbitrary interpretation. This study suggests that it is required to overcome this limping state and settle down the church and state separation principle, which fits to Korean society, as a social and cultural practice. It is also suggested that more active policy on religion would be enforced by wider interpretation of church and state separation.

• The Korean Publising Journal, Monthly
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• s.172
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• pp.19-19
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• 1995

'포착할 수 없을 만큼 풍부한' 다양성을 가진 나라, '궁극에의 참여와 영적 변화'라는 존재론적 염원이 그 다양성을 꿰뚫고 있는 나라 인도. 최근에 나온 일련의 인도 관련서들은 인도의 사상, 신화, 종교미술을 통해 비참한 현실에 극적으로 뿌리를 댄 눈부신 정신의 전통을 조명하고 있다.

• The Korean Publising Journal, Monthly
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• s.231
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• pp.14-14
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• 1998

고야는 인간의 어두운 내면을 폭로하고, 인간의 자유를 박탈하는 모든 것을 파헤치고, 이를 그림으로 고발하는 엄정한 저항정신의 소유자였다. 그것이 종교적 위엄을 갖춘 것이든 광인이나 악마들의 향연이든 그림의 진실 속에 담아내기를 주저하지 않았다.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• v.43
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• pp.31-66
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• 2022

In Korea, the concept of publicness, although conceptually unclear, is being used as a medium between religious groups and other areas of society. In this situation, it is necessary to discuss the concept and agenda of publicness related to religions. For this purpose, we reviewed the relationship and agenda between publicness and faith, and then analyzed the cases of creating sacred objects and holy sites in connection with the concept of publicness. Specifically, according to Chapter II, Publicness and Faith, theologians and sociologists interested in publicness generally presuppose or aim for social participation and change. In this context, the agenda related to religious publicness can include the ground of non-Christian publicness, interreligious equality in the public spheres, the status of religious bodies, and the participation of researchers in the public spheres. In Chapter III, Sacred Objects and Publicness, we divided religious publicness into 'publicness within religion' and 'publicness outside of religion.' According to this classification, rituals are a key factor in creating publicness within religion. Publicness outside of religion is not intrinsic, but is constructed through various external debates. In Chapter IV, Sacred Holy Sites and Publicness, we reviewed cases of the construction of Catholic holy sites and analyzed oppositional logic provided by other religious groups in relation to the publicness outside of religion. Those cases internally created publicness within religion but lead to evaluation and debate about publicness outside of religion in public spheres in which various religions participate. Those who opposed the creation of Catholic holy sites used the logic that Catholicism was eliminating the heritage and values of other religions, and responded by expanding this to include the logic that the Catholics were weakening publicness or creating religious bias.

• Iberoamérica
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.55-91
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• 2021

This article dealing with the political participation of Argentine Conservative Protestants tried to examine the effect of such political participation on democratic values and order. To this end, it focused on the subject of religious equality and freedom, and issues of same-sex marriage and sex education. First, the demands of the Protestants, who insisted on the equal treatment of all religions by correcting the religious discrimination policies, a legacy of the colonial era and the military regime, are very natural and self-evident, when we presuppose the value of a democratic society based on political equality and human rights. It can be said that it has contributed to the democratization of society by aiming to solve the old problems of society. But when it comes to same-sex marriage and sex education, things are quite different. Without considering the social situations of the socially disadvantaged or minorities, or the legislative purpose of defending their rights, they insist on only their teachings of scriptures or ethics, even within Protestantism, there is a disagreement on interpretation. These theocratic views and exclusivist attitudes can seriously infringe on the human rights or freedoms of people of different religions, or different choices about marriage or sexuality, among other things. It can be a serious threat to democratic order and values.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.193-216
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• 2004

This study focuses on "Intellectual Freedom" based on the fundamental principles of library services. Particularly, this paper pursues to the legal foundations of "the freedom of expression". The American Library Association celebrates "the Banned Books Week" to draw attentions to the danger of banned books and censorship. This study also studies how "the banned books" are made by pursuing the definitions of "pornography" and "obscenity" in terms of the court's opinions of The Supreme Court of the United States and Korea. Recently, the top three reasons for the "banned books" are considered to "be sexually explicit", "contain offensive language" and "be unsuitable to age groups".