• Archives of design research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.169-180
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• 2003

Multinational brands have rapidly penetrated into the domestic dining business and their brands are increasingly recognized by Koreans. Considering fast-food as a kind of brand product, we attempt to investigate recognition of brands and association by images with the focus on visual identity. The economic value has been reevaluated with more attention on brand images and brand identity. The purpose of the current paper is to find out the meaning of brand association in the fast-food industry. Fast-food business has been rapidly increasing thanks to quick sonics, convenience, relatively low price, equalized quality of food and service. Most fast-food restaurants are run under franchised system. This helps enhance the recognition of brands among customers. We intend to see whether there is significant relationship between customers' preference of brands and brand images. We also aim to seek for their problems of identity in the merchandising process for brand colors. We hope to help develop Korean franchise industry by asking how association by visual Images such as colors and figures of such brands takes place.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.39-66
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• 2008

This study examines organizational qualities such as vision, mission, teamwork, fairness, and empowerment and their effects on organizational members. As a result of analysis, these qualities are identified to affect member satisfaction, but not to affect job involvement. Member satisfaction affects job satisfaction, and this relationship retains indirect influence through an increase in member satisfaction. Further, improved member satisfaction and job involvement are found to affect organizational commitment. These results are derived from complete enumeration on members of an organization where particular traits such as member position, job classification, and the privity of contract are intermixed. In case where research is conducted on the aforementioned traits separately, different results would be anticipated depending on each trait. The implications of this study are as follows. First, clear-cut organizational vision and mission established by the top management of an organization prevent confusion amongst its members, and thus have the highest level of effect on member satisfaction. Second, teamwork in reference to the. relationship amongst team members of a work group and goal awareness improves member satisfaction. Third, autonomy for job performance and related empowerment improve member satisfaction. Last, fairness in wages and promotion affects member satisfaction. Therefore, internal qualities of an organization perceived by its members have a higher degree of influence over external qualities including compensation and promotion on the members. In addition, these internal qualities indirectly affect job involvement through an increase in member satisfaction, and, in turn, member satisfaction and job involvement affect organizational commitment of the members. In case of member satisfaction, not only does it affect organizational commitment of the members of an organization directly, but also affects organizational commitment indirectly through job involvement. This study is conducted with only one hospital in consideration, and thus its findings may not be generalized for every medical organization. However, this study retains distinct attributes of complete. enumeration, and the precedence of each variable is closely investigated.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.110-122
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• 1987

The rabbits were infected with Clonorchis sinensis and were treated with praziquantel at the dose of $50{\;}mg/kg{\times}2회{\times}2$ days after 1,2,4,8 weeks and 7 months from the infection. Their livers were observed histopathologically 1, 4 and 12 weeks after treatment. The findings are summarized as below. 1. The changes of the liver in control rabbits were relatively mild until 2 weeks after infection. However, widening and thickening of bile ducts, proliferation of biliary epithelium and periductal fibrosis were moderate after 4 weeks from infection and those changes were severe after 8 weeks and 7 months. Goblet cell metaplasia was found after 8 weeks from infection. 2. The mild changes of 2-week infection group were completely recovered by 4 weeks after the treatment. In the groups of 4 or more weeks after infection, the changes of bile ducts became milder in the degree after the treatment, but were still found 12 weeks after the treatment. As the infection duration was passed, more severe changes were observed after the treatment. In this context, it is concluded that the liver changes of acute clonorchiasis in the early two weeks are reversible by treatment while chronic biliary epithelial changes are irreversible. Therefore, early treatment should be recommended as possible to minimize the remaining histopathological changes of liver in clonorchiasis.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.4395-4403
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• 2010

The aim of this study is to know about condition of alternative medicine. Methods which An literature search in Pubmed January 2000 to March, 2010 was performed. RCT(Randomized Controlled Trial), CCT(Controled Clinical Trials), and OD(efficacy studies with either a controlled or an Other than controlled Design) were included. PubMed databases were searched using key terms relating to alternative medicine. 19 clinical trials were included among 682 studies searched. RCT was 44%, CCT was 16% and OD was 40% in the review. In the all of included studies, the acupuncture and the massage was the biggest part. The using rate was 20% of pain control about Disease of the Musculoskeletal system and Connective tissue, 15% of Certain infectious and parasitic diseases, and 15% of Neoplasms. There was lack of evidence that alternative medicine was effective for progress. Future well-designed clinical trials is needed.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.227-242
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• 2021

It is common to say that Korean journalists' professionalism including the public broadcaster KBS is immature. This study used the Q methodology to explore the subjectivity that KBS reporters and citizens have formed about reporters' occupational achievements. we tried to find out the background and reasons of the subjective dimensions of journalists regarding the immature state of Korean journalists' professionalism. Under a condition for sorting of 'a reporter most likely to be promoted', using 95 statements related to the reporter's occupational achievements, 30 KBS reporters, 10 university students who were eager to be a journalist, and 40 ordinary people of various ages, a total of 80 participants took part in the Q sorting. A total of 3 Q factors were extracted, then analyzed in detail into a total of 6 reporter types divided into (+) and (-) sub types for each factor. As a result, six types of perceptions and attitudes were named as 'a professional reporter','a schemer reporter','an organizational loyalty reporter', 'a passionate reporter','a careerist reporter', and 'a reliable worker'. This study can be meaningful in that it further deepened and expanded the existing researches concerning Korean journalist's professional identity.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.59 no.2
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• pp.303-325
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• 2007

This study explores the relationship between marketing activities and brand equity in nonprofit organizations, specifically investigating the relational linkage between four selected marketing mix elements and brand equity through the mediating role of brand equity dimensions. Employing a structural equation model, the study empirically tests research hypotheses and finds some important implication for brand equity creation strategies for nonprofits. The results show that brand association is the only dimension that is positively related to brand equity, reflecting the current donation market in Korea where nonprofits have such a low presence that donors have little knowledge and chance to identify their brands and to build trust relationships with them. Furthermore, the results highlight the importance and roles of promotion and process marketing efforts, as they are proved to enhance brand association. The study also finds that promotion is positively related to brand awareness and process contributes to perceived quality and brand loyalty. Based on these findings, the study suggest that nonprofits make further efforts on active promotion and process development to create positive, differentiated images and better accessibility, and finally improve their brand equity.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.8096-8105
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• 2015

The purpose of this research is to understand influence of personal turnover factors and work turnover factors on job satisfaction in career decision-making and to analyze the moderating effects of supervisor support in their relations. Meaningful difference between one group with high supervisor support and other group with low supervisor support is demonstrated in regard with a course; job burnout ${\rightarrow}$ job satisfaction, and work overload ${\rightarrow}$ job satisfaction. Hence from a perspective of the course of job burnout ${\rightarrow}$ job satisfaction and work overload ${\rightarrow}$ job satisfaction, it can be argued that a group with low supervisor support yields more influence. Also it is shown that conflicts on balancing between job and family do not have influence on job satisfaction for either group with high supervisor support or with low supervisor support. As the result of the research shows, it bears a quite significant meaning that career development/lack of opportunity out of personal turnover intentions disclose difference between these two groups with different levels of supervisor support. Especially, a group of flight attendants which females are consisted of a majority of employees would require that their supervisors have more emotional interactions with each employee, so as that better opportunity would be given to the employees. To this end, utmost efforts are needed that deep and genuine relations with a supervisor can be built up.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.77 no.4
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• pp.382-388
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• 1988

Improvement of productivity by forest tree breeding work in Korea was estimated for a few important tree species. Progenies of 17 plus trees of red pine (Pines densiflora) outgrew by 57 percentage compared with progenies of unselected trees at age 15. If best three families are selected among the 17, more than double in volume grow-th is expected. The hybrid Pinus rigida ${\times}$ P. taeda showed more than double volume growth compare to P. rigida at a southern plantation at age 15. However, the superiority of the hybrid decreased at northern plantations, mainly because of low coldhardiness of the hybrid. At a northern plantation, the hybrid grew less than the P. rigida on upper hill, while the hybrid grew much better than the P. rigida on flat area. Another hybrid Populus alba ${\times}$ P. glandulosa grew faster than both parents by two to two and half times according to planting sites at age 10. Introduction of Pinus rigida also showed increased volume growth. Volume increase by selection of best five provenances among 45 at age 12 was estimated as 53 percent compare to progenies of plus trees in Korea, Additional 19 percent of volume increase was expected by selection of the best families within the best provenances. Annual production of chestnuts reached about 70,000 M/T by planting resistant clones to chestnut gall wasp (Dryocosmus kuriphilus), which killed almost all susceptible trees. Although polyploid trees and mutants have been produced by colchicine treatments in over 10 tree species, none of them is economically important Remarkable improvement of productivity is expected by biotechnology in future through selection, hybridization, introduction of foreign genes at cell, cell organelle and gene level, and gene transformation. At present, mass propagation of superior planting materials by tissue culture will increase the productivity.

• Proceedings of the Technology Innovation Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.170-213
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• 2004

생산자 중심에서 소비자 중심으로의 경영 패러다임이 변화함에 따라, 이제 디자인 경영(design management)의 시대가 도래하였다 즉, 제반 기능의 활동이 독립적이고 순차적으로 이루어지는 기존 경영방식(즉, 제품 개발 $\rightarrow$ 제품 디자인 $\rightarrow$ 제조 $\rightarrow$ 마케팅 $\rightarrow$ 판매)과는 달리, 디자인 경영은 디자인을 중심으로 제반 기능간의 통합과 조정을 이룬다. 이 결과, 디자인 경영은 조직간의 커뮤니케이션을 활성화시키며 소비자의 추상적인 욕구가 구체적으로 상품에 표현되도록 노력한다. 이렇게 함으로써, 디자인 경영은 기업 이미지 창조의 역할을 적극적으로 수행하는 것이다. 이와 같은 소비자 중심의 경영은 과거 제품의 판매(sales)지향적이던 기업 활동을 소비자와의 관계(relationship)지향적으로 변화시키고 있다. 본 연구의 분석 목적은 제품 디자인을 품질경쟁력의 결정요인으로서 포함시켜 품질경쟁력의 평가모형을 개발하고 품질경쟁력의 결정요인 및 상관관계와 품질함수를 추정함으로써 제품 디자인 및 디자인 경영의 기능적 역할을 규명하고 디자인 경쟁력 수준을 평가 및 측정할 수 있는 모형을 정립함과 동시에 이를 제고할 수 있는 정책방향을 제시하는 것이다. 이로써, 본 연구는 신상품의 개발과정에서 어떻게 제품 디자인이 연구개발, 제조, 마아케팅, 판매 등의 제반 기능들과 상호 작용하며 이들 기능들의 통합과 조정을 추구할 수 있는가를 보여주는 디자인 경영의 이론적 기초를 제공하고자 함이다. 상기와 같은 연구목적과 분석목표를 위하여, 한국 제조업 부문의 400개 표본기업에 대하여 소정의 설문조사를 통하여 추출된 측정변수들을 기초로 품질경쟁력의 결정요인을 분석하고 품질경쟁력 지수를 도출하여 산업부문별 및 제품유형별로 비교하였으며, 품질함수를 추정하였다. 전술한 분석결과를 토대로, 디자인 경영이론의 기초를 제공하기 위한 시도로서 제품 디자인의 파급효과와 인과관계에 대한 가설검정을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 분석 결과는 다음과 같이 요약될 수 있다. (1) 품질경쟁력의 결정요인으로서 주요 제품들의 기능성, 기본 성능, 제품성과의 기술적 성취도, 제품 수명(내구성), 신뢰성, 핵심 기술력, 사용 편의성, 서비스 편의성, 생산 용이성, 제품 디자인의 우수한 정도가 a=0.01 수준 하에서 유의적으로 추정되었다. 이들 변수들 중에서 품질경쟁력에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 측정변수는 제품의 기본 성능, 수명(내구성), 신뢰성, 제품 디자인의 순서로 추정되었다. 이것은 한국 제조업이 아직 산업 디자인이 품질경쟁력에 크게 영향을 미치는 성숙단계에 이르지 못하였음을 의미한다. (2) 제품 디자인에게 영향을 끼치는 유의적인 변수는 연구개발력, 연구개발투자 수준, 혁신활동 수준(5S, TPM, 6Sigma 운동, QC 등)이며, 제품 디자인은 우선 품질경쟁력을 높여 간접적으로 고객만족과 고객 충성을 유발하는 것으로 추정되었다. 상기의 분석결과로부터, 본 연구는 다음과 같은 정책적 함의를 도출하였다. 첫째, 신상품 개발과 혁신을 위한 포괄적인 연구개발 프로젝트를 품질 경쟁력의 주요 결정요인(제품의 기본성능, 신뢰성, 수명(내구성) 및 제품 디자인)과 연계하여 추진해야 할 것이다. 둘째, 기업은 디자인 경영 마인드 제고와 디자인 전문인력 양성을, 대학은 디자인 현장 업무를 통하여 창의력 증진과 기획 및 마케팅 능력 교육을, 정부는 디자인 기술개발 및 디자인 교육지원의 강화를 통하여 각각 디자인 경쟁력$\rightarrow$품질경쟁력을 제고시켜야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.1499-1505
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• 2009

This study was carried out between August and September 2007 to determine the causative agents and epidemiologic features of rabbit dermatitis in Korea. Rabbits were shipped to the laboratory in the College of Veterinary Medicine from 10 rabbit farms. A total of 520 hair, blood, and skin specimens collected from skin lesions of 40 rabbits with suspected dermatopathy were examined mycologically, bacteriologically, and parasitologically. The positive rates of dermatophytosis, bacterial skin dermatitis, and ectoparasite dermatitis were 95, 92.5, and 7.5%, respectively. The etiologic agents of dermatophytosis were identified as Trichophyton mentagrophyte (95%), non-dermatophytic filamentous fungi such as Aspergillus s(5%), and Cryptococcus humilocus (2.5%). With respect to bacteria-related skin dermatitis, Staphylococcus coagulase negative was the most common etiological agent. Staphylococcus aureus was the second most frequent causative agent. Most of the pathogenic isolates were resistant to tetracycline, and aminoglycosides such as amikacin and gentamicin were the most effective drugs against the pathologic bacteria isolated. Ectoparasites were rarely detected in this study. Only Psoroptes cuniculis was detected in 3 (7.5%) out of the 40 tested rabbits. The role of ectoparasites as a causative agent of dermatitis in rabbits in this study was minimal. Our results provide important information related to rabbit dermatitis treatments and researches.