• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2016

To enhance the physiological activities of roasted coffee (RC), 30 kinds of green coffee beans (GCB) with different cultivating areas and varieties were fermented with Monascus ruber mycelium (MR) by solid-state culture. After the dried MR-fermented GCB was subjected medium roasting, each RC was extracted with hot-water. Among the hot-water extracts, the highest yield was the hot-water extract of RC from MR-fermented Indonesia Mandheling GCB (15.5%). However, the hot-water extract of RC from MR-fermented Ethiopia Sidamo GCB showed significantly higher polyphenolic contents (3.08 mg GAE/100 mg) and ABTS free radical scavenging activity (25.41 mg AEAC/100 mg). Meanwhile, the hot-water extract of RC from MR-fermented Vietnam Robusta GCB showed not only the effective inhibition of $TNF-{\alpha}$ level (73.7% inhibition of LPS-stimulated control) from LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells but also significant inhibition of lipogenesis (63.5% inhibition of lipid differentiation control) in 3T3-L1 pre-adipose cells. In conclusion, these results suggest that roasted coffees from Ethiopia Sidamo and Vietnam Robusta green coffee beans fermented with Monascus ruber mycelium using solid-state culture could have industrial applications as functional coffee beverages.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.34-44
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• 1984

This experiment was carried out to obtain the fundamental data for development of digestibility and quality enhanced product of soy yogurt. Soy yogurt was processed from raw materials of soybean, defatted soybean and sprouted soybean which inoculated with Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum as a starter. Changes of chemical compositions, viable cell count and saccharides during processing were investigated including acceptibility of manufactured products. The results were summarized as follows; 1. Defatted soy milk ferment ed with Lactobacillus acidophilus was showed the greatest initial acid productivity and sprouted soy milk was showed the greatest growth of Loctobacillus acidophilus. 2. Acid production was accelerated when 2% glucose was used in soy milk. 3. Addition of reconstituted skim milk in soy milk and defatted roy milk increased acid production but was not showed the effect in the sprouted soy milk. 4. Sprouting soybean, the contents of raffinose and stachyose were decreased but those of glucose was increased. 5. When soy milk was fermented with Lactobacillus acidophilus. the contents of raffinose and stachyose were decreased. 6. As a result of panel test, sprouted soy yogurt which was produced by addition of reconstituted skim milk of 10% showed the greatest flavor and tastes.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.677-683
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• 2016

To enhance the physiological activities and reduce the off-flavor of garlic in kimchi, we manufactured kimchi seasoning replaced with 25~75% black garlic, we evaluated microbiological, physico-chemical and sensory evaluation. The changes of total aerobic and lactic acid bacteria were similar between the control and the kimchi seasoning replaced with black garlic during storage periods. The lightness of the kimchi seasoning replaced with black garlic was lower than that of the control and decrease of lightness was proportional to the concentration of black garlic. The redness and yellowness of the kimchi seasoning replaced with black garlic were decreased to the concentration of added black garlic and changes of the redness in all the samples were slightly increased during storage periods. But the yellowness did not change during storage periods. The changes of pH and acidity did not differ between the control and the samples of replaced with black garlic during storage periods. The sensory parameters including taste and flavor did not differ among treatments during storage periods. But color and overall acceptance of the control and sample replaced with 25% black garlic were higher than those of the samples replaced with 50 and 75% black garlic.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2001

Artemisia asiatica Nakai aqua-acupuncture solution (ANAS) was administered once daily for 10 days before the tumor implantation ($1{\times}10^6\;cells$). Body weight, spleen weight and the number of ascitic tumor cells were measured at 6 days after tumor implantation. The change of body weight and the survival rate of mice were observed for 21 days. It was used three biomarkers (quinone reductase, glutathione, glutathione S-transferase) to test chemopreventive potentials of ANAS. ANAS exerted antitumor activity by inhibiting the growth of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells in vivo. Mice given Ehrlich cells and ANAS at $CV_{12}$ and $BL_{18}$ had 57.1% to 49.2% survival after 21 days. Quinone reductase activity and glutathione levels were increased with ANAS. However, glutathione S-transferase level was 1.1-fold with ANAS. These results suggest that ANAS has chemopreventive potential by inducing QR activity and increasing GSH level.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.721-725
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• 2001

Physiological activity in different parts of Dolsan leaf mustard (DLM) was investigated. To determine the physiological activity, DLM was crushed filtered centrifuged and then the supernatant was used as a sample. of 1%, 3% and 6%. By adding of improved root juice(20th day) with the concentration of 6% the cytotoxicity against HepG2 was the highest about 78.2%. And antioxidative effects in different parts of DLM was measured by using the DPPH method. Antioxidative effects was higher in all leaves than other parts. In particular antioxidative effects was the highest in leaves of traditional DLM at the 20th day of growth about 80.4%. In leaves of improved DLM at the 60th growth angiotensin-I converting enzyme inhibitory effect was the highest about 94.0%. Consequently there was not significant difference of physiological activity between improved and traditional DLM. However the cytotoxicity against HepG2 was the highest in roots of DLM. And the antioxidative and the ACE inhibitory effect in leaves of DLM were higher than those of other parts.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.144-155
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• 1987

A potent fungus producing milk clotting enzyme with fairly weak proteolytic activity was isolated from various soil and sewage, which the selected strain, SA-101, was identified as Mucor sp. with microbiological characteristics. Its milk clotting enzyme production was maximized when grown on 10g of wheat bran media added to 8ml of tap water containing 0.1M HCl for 60hrs at $30^{\circ}C$. This enzyme production was stimulated by addition of 6% lactose, 0.05% NaCl and reached a maximal level of 9810 unit/g wheat bran. The crude enzyme product could be produced effectively by salting out with ammonium sulfate fractionation and lyophilization. The ratio of milk clotting activity to proteolytic activity of crude enzyme product was lower than Hansen rennet, but resembled to Meito rennet. The optimal temperature of milk clotting activity of crude enzyme product was abound $60^{\circ}C$ on a substrate of 10% reconstituted skim milk containing 1/100M $CaCl_2$.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.309-318
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• 2000

우리나라에서는 1989년 1월 1일 이후 허가된 신약과 동일한 의약품을 제조하거나, 제제개선을 통하여 흡수율을 향상시키는 경우 등에 있어서 생물학적 동등성 시험을 실시하여 두 제제간의 생체이용률을 비교하도록 규정되어 있다. 다른 나라에서도 신약과 동일한 의약품을 허가 받고자 할 경우나 대체조제를 위한 복제의약품의 생산 시 생물학적 동등성 시험자료를 제출하도록 하고 있으며, 이에 따른 생물학적 동등성 시험 기준을 운영하고 있다. 최근 각국에서는 국제적 조화를 이룬 기준을 마련하고자 하는 추세이다. 현재 우리나라에서는 의약분업 실시에 따라 생물학적 동등성 시험의 중요성이 부각되고 있으며 국제적인 수준에 맞추어 관련 기준을 개정해야할 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 캐나다에서는 1992년에 처음 생물학적 동등성 시험 기준을 공표하여 평가하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 캐나다의 생물학적 동등성 시험 기준을 소개하여 현행 규정과 비교 검토함으로써 생물학적 동등성 시험 기준을 보다 과학적이고 윤리적이며 합리적인 규정으로 개정하기 위한 자료로 활용하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.335-341
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• 2000

In order to search for blood anticoagulant substance from herbal extracts, we extracted with cold water (Fr. I), methanol (Fr. II) and hot water (Fr. III) from 93 commercially available herbs. The anticoagulant activity of herbal extracts was examined through the intrinsic pathway by activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), the extriansic pathway by prothrombin time (PT) and the common pathway by thrombin time (TT). Onion, garlic, clove, fenugreek, mugwort, thyme and sage had on anticoagulant activity with intrinsic pathway and mint, italian seasoning, rosemary, turmeric, tarragon and wasabie had on anticoagulant activity with common pathway. Nobody had on anticogulant activity with extrinsic pathway. Among commerical herbs tested, clove cultivated in holland was selected because it showed the most potent anticoagulant activity among the samples investigated.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.294-294
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• 2015

하천과 해양에서 발생한 수질오염은 특성상 유속의 흐름에 따라 광범위하며 급속도로 퍼져나가기 때문에 이를 효율적으로 유지, 관리하기 위해서는 오염인자들에 대한 모니터링이 수행되어야 한다. 원격탐사 기술을 이용한 하천의 수질측정은 대규모지역으로 분포해있는 수질농도의 변화양상을 시 공간적으로 모니터링 하는 것이 가능하게 할 뿐 아니라, 사람이 접근하기 어려운 지역에는 직접취수를 하지 않음으로써 기존의 수질측정방법들에 비해 편의성을 높여 시간적, 경제적 측면에서 효율적이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 최근 수질오염이 심화되고 있는 낙동강유역을 대상으로 인공위성 이미지영상을 이용하여 수질인자들의 농도측정을 수행하였다. 연구를 위해 사용된 인공위성은 NASA와 USGS가 공동으로 운용중인 Landsat 8 인공위성이다. Landsat 8의 11개 band 중 band2(Blue), band3(Green), band4(Red), band5(Near Infrared)를 사용하여 실제로 측정된 지점자료와 인공위성자료간의 상관관계를 규명하였다. 사용된 인공위성자료는 지점자료 날짜를 포함하는 총 4개의 연구날짜(2013/10/27, 2013/11/12, 2014/04/14, 2014/05/16)에 해당하는 위성이미지영상이다. Pearson상관계수를 통한 밴드와 수질인자간의 상관 결과, 본 연구지역에서는 $0.85-0.88{\mu}m$(band5)의 파장영역에서 클로로필-a와 부유물질이 가장 민감하게 반응함을 알 수 있었다. 두 수질인자들은 band2, band3, band4에서도 비교적 높은 상관성을 보였으며, 이를 근거로 band combination, band ratio를 통해 클로로필-a와 부유물질의 회귀모델식을 유도하였다. 각각의 회귀모델식은 실제 측정된 데이터들과 비교 검증을 통해 4개의 연구기간 중 2013년 10월 27일, 2014년 5월 16일에 대해서 클로로필-a와 부유물질의 공간적인 분포양상을 시각적으로 도시화하였다.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.459-464
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• 2002

This experiment was conducted to know the changes of bioactive component content in four-year-old peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) root with various drying methods such as room temperature drying, $50^{\circ}C$ heat-air drying, room temperature drying after $80^{\circ}C$ boiling water treatment and freeze drying, and to establish the optimum drying method for high quality production of Paeoniae Radix. For this purpose, the contents of paeoniflorin, albiflorin and five phenolic compounds (gallic acid, benzoic acid, (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin and (+)-taxifolin 3-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside) in peony root with different drying methods were analyzed by RP-HPLC. The contents of paeoniflorin, albiflorin and (+)-taxifolin 3-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside at room temperature drying were higher than in the other drying methods and that of gallic acid at 8$0^{\circ}C$ boiling water treatment was the highest among that of all drying methods. In the case of freeze drying, the contents of (+)-catechin, benzoic acid and (-)-epicatechin were the highest among those of all drying methods. As increase of drying and treatment temperature, the contents of paeoniflorin, albiflorin, (+)-taxifolin 3-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyrano-side, (+)-catechin and benzoic acid were decreased.