• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.236-236
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• 2019

전 세계 인구의 90% 이상은 북반구 지역에 거주하고 있으며, 약 67%는 해안 지역에 거주하고 있다. 최근 기후변화로 인해 해수면 높이가 상승하고 있으며, 태풍, 폭풍해일 등의 자연재해로 인해 해안 지역의 인명과 재산 피해가 점점 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 특히 조석의 영향에 따라 수위 및 유량이 변동하는 특성을 가지고 있는 감조하천의 경우, 만조시에 하천의 유량이 배수되지 않아 홍수피해가 가중되기도 한다. 본 연구에서는 조위의 영향을 받는 감조하천의 수위-유량 관계곡선식을 개발하였다. 이를 위해 울산 수위시계열을 wavelet 분석, curve fitting, high pass filter 방법을 이용하여 4가지의 성분(조석 성분, 파고성분, 강우-유출 성분, 잡음 성분)으로 분리하고, 분포형 모형인 GRM 모형을 통해 유출량을 산정하였다. 모의 유출량과 강우-유출 성분을 이용하여 수위-유량 관계곡선식을 개발하고, 모의 유출량에 따른 수위를 추정하였다. 나머지 3가지 성분과 합하여 통합 수위를 산정하고 관측 유량과 비교한 결과 오차가 약 10%이내로 감조 하천의 수위를 정확하게 예측할 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통해 감조하천에서 수위-유량 관계곡선식을 개발할 수 있었으며, 본 연구 결과를 활용하여 유량에 따른 수위를 예측하고 추가적인 다른 성분의 영향을 고려한다면 홍수기에 감조하천의 수위를 원활하게 관리할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.100-100
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• 2020

감조하천은 일반하천과 달리 다양한 수문 요소에 영향을 받아 비선형적인 수문 특성을 보이고 있기 때문에 수위-유량 관계곡선식이 개발되어 있지 않다. 본 연구에서는 조위의 영향을 받는 감조하천에서 강우의 영향으로 인한 수위-유량 관계곡선식의 작성 방법론을 제안하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 울산 수위시계열을 wavelet 분석, curve fitting, high pass filter 방법을 이용하여 4가지의 성분(조석 성분, 파고 성분, 강우-유출 성분, 잡음 성분)으로 분리하고, 분포형 모형인 GRM 모형을 통해 유출량을 산정하였다. 모의 유출량과 강우-유출 성분을 이용하여 수위-유량 관계곡선식을 개발하고, 모의 유출량에 따른 수위를 추정하였다. 나머지 3가지 성분과 합하여 통합 수위를 산정하고 관측 유량과 비교한 결과 오차가 약 10% 이내로 본 방법론이 적용성이 있음을 확인하였다. 본 연구결과를 활용한다면 홍수기에 감조하천에서 수위를 정확히 예측하는데 기여할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.267-275
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• 2000

In an effort to assess the reliability of satellite altimeter system, we conducted a comparative analysis of sea level data that were collected using the TOPEX/POSEIDON (T/P) altimeter and the 10 tide gauge (TG) stations in the satellite passing track. The analysis was made using data sets collected from marginal sea regions surrounding the Korean Peninsula at T/P cycles of 2 to 230, which correspond to October 1992 to December 1998. Because of strong tidal activity in the study area, treatment of tidal errors is a very critical step in data processing. Hence in the computation of dynamic heights from the Tn data, we adapted the procedures of Park and Gamberoni (1995) to reduce errors associated with it. When these T/P data were treated, the alias periods of M$_2$, S$_2$, and K$_1$ constitutions were found at 62.1, 58.7, and 173 days. The compatibility of the T/P and TG data sets were examined at various filtering periods. The results indicate that the low-frequency signal of Tn data can be interpreted more safely with longer filtering periods (such as up to the maximum selected values of 200 days). When RMS errors for 200-day low-pass filter period was compared among the whole 10 tidal stations, the values spanned in the range of 2.8 to 6.7 cm. The results of correlation analysis at this filtering period also showed a strong agreement between the Tn and TG data sets over the whole stations investigated (e.g., P values consistently less than 0.0001). According to our analysis, we conclude that the analysis of surface sea level using satellite altimeter data can be made safely and reasonably long filtering periods such as 200 days.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.155-164
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• 1997

A comprehensive and systematic field monitoring program was initiated since October 1989, in order to investigate the temporal and spatial variation of shoreline position at northern part of Pea Island, North Carolina. Aerial photographs were taken every two months on the shoreline extending from the US Coast Guard Station at the northern end of Pea Island to a point 6 miles to the south. Aerial photographs taken were digitized initially to obtain the shoreline position data. in which a wet-dry line visible on the beach was used to identify the position of shoreline. Since the wet-dry line does not represent the “true" shoreline .position but includes the errors due to the variations of wave run-up heights and tidal elevations at the time the photos taken, it is required to eliminate the tide and wave runup effects from the initially digitized shoreline .position data. Runup heights on the beach and tidal elevations at the time the aerial photographs taken were estimated using tide data collected at the end of the FRF pier and wave data measured from wave-rider gage installed at 4 km offshore, respectively A runup formula by Hunt (1957) was used to compute the run-up heights on the beach from the given deepwater wave conditions. With shoreline position data corrected for .wave runup and tide, both spatial and temporal variations of the shoreline positions for the monitoring shoreline were analyzed by examining local differences in shoreline movement and their time dependent variability. Six years data of one-mile-average shoreline indicated that there was an apparent seasonal variation of shoreline, that is, progradation of shoreline at summer (August) and recession at winter (February) at Pea Island. which was unclear with the uncorrected shoreline position data. Determination of shoreline position from aerial photograph, without regard to the effects of wave runup and tide, can lead to mis-interpretation for the temporal and spatial variation of shoreline changes.nges.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.37 no.5_2
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• pp.1329-1340
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• 2021

The intertidal zone, which is a transitional zone between the ocean and the land, requires continuous monitoring as various changes occur rapidly due to artificial activity and natural disturbance. Monitoring of coastal topography changes using remote sensing method is evaluated to be effective in overcoming the limitations of intertidal zone accessibility and observing long-term topographic changes in intertidal zone. Most of the existing coastal topographic monitoring studies using remote sensing were conducted through high spatial resolution images such as Landsat and Sentinel. This study extracted the waterline using the NDWI from the GOCI-II (Geostationary Ocean Color Satellite-II) data, identified the changes in the intertidal area in Gyeonggi Bay according to various tidal heights, and examined the utility of DEM generation and topography altitude change observation over a short period of time. GOCI-II (249 scenes), Sentinel-2A/B (39 scenes), Landsat 8 OLI (7 scenes) images were obtained around Gyeonggi Bay from October 8, 2020 to August 16, 2021. If generating intertidal area DEM, Sentinel and Landsat images required at least 3 months to 1 year of data collection, but the GOCI-II satellite was able to generate intertidal area DEM in Gyeonggi Bay using only one day of data according to tidal heights, and the topography altitude was also observed through exposure frequency. When observing coastal topography changes using the GOCI-II satellite, it would be a good idea to detect topography changes early through a short cycle and to accurately interpolate and utilize insufficient spatial resolutions using multi-remote sensing data of high resolution. Based on the above results, it is expected that it will be possible to quickly provide information necessary for the latest topographic map and coastal management of the Korean Peninsula by expanding the research area and developing technologies that can be automatically analyzed and detected.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.68-79
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• 2009

Groundwater is the main water resource in Jeju Island because storage of surface water in reservoir is difficult in the island due to the permeable volcanic rocks. Because of this reason, the groundwater is expected to be very vulnerable to seawater intrusion by global warming, which will cause sea level rise. The long term change of mean sea level around the Korean Peninsula including Jeju Island was analyzed for this study. The sea level rise over the past 40 years was estimated to be of $2.16\;{\pm}\;1.71\;mm/yr$ around the Korean Peninsula. However, the rising trend around the eastern part of Jeju Island was more remarkable. In addition, the groundwater/seawater intrusion monitoring network operated by the Jeju Special Self-Governing Province shows that seawater intrusion becomes more prominent during dry 4-5 months in a year when the sea level increases. This implies that the fresh groundwater lens in the eastern part of Jeju Island is influenced by the sea level rise due to global warming in the long term scale.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.6B
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• pp.731-741
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• 2008

Previous studies on the numerical simulation at the tidal reach of Han River tend to restrict downstream boundary as Jeon-ryu station due to difficulties in gaining cross section data and tidal elevation values at Yu-do. But, in this study, geometries beyond the confluence of Gok-reung stream and Im-jin River are constructed based on the numerical sea map; tidal elevation at the downstream boundary, Yu-do is estimated by harmonic analysis of In-cheon tide gage station so that hydrodynamic and diffusion behavior have been analyzed. The domain ranging from Shin-gok submerged weir to Yu-do is selected (which is 36.8 km in length). RMA-2 and RAM4 developed by Il Won Seo (2008) are applied to simulate flow and diffusion behavior, respectively. Numerical results of flow characteristic are compared with the measured data at Jeon-ryu station. Simulation is carried out from June 23 to 25 in 2006 on the ground that hydrologic data is satisfactory and tidal difference is huge during that period. The result shows that reverse flow occurs 5 times according to the tidal elevation at Yu-do and the maximum reverse flow is observed up to Jang-hang IC, which is 32.9 km in length. Also analysis is focused on the process of generation and disappearance of reverse flow, the distribution of water surface elevation and velocity along the maximum velocity line, and the transport of nonconservative pollutant. Pollutant injected from Gul-po stream spreads widely across the river; however, the size of BOD cloud entering from Gok-reung stream is relatively small because water depth at the mid and left side becomes deeper and maximum velocity occurs along the right bank so that transverse mixing is completed quickly. Finally, mixing characteristic of horizontal salinity distribution is obtained by estimating the salinity input with analytical solution of 1D advection-dispersion equation.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 1997

We have monitored nutrients, chlorophyll, suspended solids, and salinity in the Keum Estuary to understand the temporal fluctuation of oceanographic parameters and to illustrate any variation due to the gate operation of the Keum River Dike from June, 1995 to September, 1996, approximately for 500 days. Tidal range is used as the key factor to explain the fluctuations and atmospheric parameters such as air temperature, wind velocity and rainfall are also used supplementally. The fresh water discharge was selected as another major impact on the estuarine environment due to the gate operation of the Keum Dike. In addition, daily variation by tidal cycle was investigated twice in April and July, 1996. In diurnal variation, salinity was positively correlated with tidal elevation, whereas negatively correlated with nutrients. Relatively high suspended solid and chlorophyll contents were found in the period between high and low tide. In 500 days continuous observations, salinity was negatively correlated with the volume of fresh-water discharge, but positively correlated with nutrients. A major chlorophyll bloom occurred in spring. A similar pattern of variation was observed between suspended solid and the neap-spring tidal cycle. In comparison with the data of the Keurn Estuary before the gate operation of the Keum River dike, fresh-water discharge predominated other environmental factors during the rainy season. In addition, the velocity of tidal current and the concentration of suspended solid were decreased, while nutrients and chlorophyll contents were increased.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.285-295
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• 2020

In the case of small observation towers located at sea, it is necessary to confirm the change in dynamic characteristics due to the influence of environmental loads. In this study, the dynamic characteristics were analyzed and the numerical analysis model was designed through field dynamic response measurement on the Mangyeong Offshore Observation Tower (Mangyeong Tower) located near the Saemangeum Embankment. As a result of the measurement, the natural frequency was found to increase slowly as the tide level is lowered. In addition, it was confirmed that the same mode has two frequencies, which was judged to be a phenomenon in which the natural frequency was partially increased when the pile and the ground contacted by scouring. For numerical analysis, the upper mass, artificial fixity point, scour depth and fluid influences are reflected in the structural characteristics of the Mangyeong Tower. In addition, the model updating from the estimated natural frequency and pattern search algorithm was performed. From the model updating, it is expected that it can be applied to future studies on stability of Mangyeong Tower.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.164-174
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• 2008

In this study we try to identify the three-dimensional mixing characteristics of Seomjin River discharges in Seomjin River Estuary and Gwangyang Bay using a seasonal field observation (CTD) during spring tide and a three-dimensional numerical model with EFDC (Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code). The tidal elevation conditions of the four main tidal harmonic constituents on the open boundary and river discharges and thermal effluents at the specific boundary are considered. The calculated harmonic constants of tide and tidal current agreed well with those of observations at two stations for tide and two stations for tidal current. The model successfully reproduced well known the estuarine circulation in Seomjin River Estuary where tide and river discharges are dominant forcings. In the winter mean discharges case, tidal currents move Seomjin River discharges in Seomjin River mouth and in the summer mean discharges case, river flows move Seomjin River discharges near ae Seomjin River Estuary. A three-dimensional mixing characteristics of Seomjin River Estuary show well a three-dimensional estuarine circulation and thermal effluents effect to the seasonal variation of river discharges.