• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.50 no.3
• /
• pp.343-354
• /
• 2008

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of restricted feeding to pullet on growth and endocrine profile in layers(Isa brown). One thousand eighty brown-layer chicks were divided into three treatments; conventional feeding(ad libitum) and two restricted feedings(80% of conventional diet) for 70 weeks. One of restricted feeding started from seven to seventeen weeks of age, and the other started from twelve to seventeen weeks of age. Diets were formulated by NRC(1994) recommendation. Body weight and feed intake were measured every two weeks, and body composition and organ weight analyzed every week in rearing period and every eight weeks in laying period. Blood was collected at weighing body weight and was analyzed for the concentration of insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰand estradiol. Body weight and feed intake decreased as restriction of feeding begins comparing to ad libitum group(P<0.05), but reached to similar body weight and feed intake at 20 wk of age regardless of restriction. There were no significant differences in development of digestive tract and attached organs among the treatment groups. During rearing period, however, they were slightly higher in restricted group which was low in body weight. In terms of body composition, fat contents of restricted group were significantly lower(P<0.05) than that of ad libitum group around 1,000 grams of body weight. High concentration of IGF-Ⅰwas observed.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.46 no.6
• /
• pp.989-998
• /
• 2004

The objectives of this work was to investigate the effects of feeding type of concentrates during growing period and slaughter age on growth performance, feed efficiency and carcass characteristics in growing-fattening Holstein steers. Treatments were two concentrates feeding types(ad libitum or restricted 1.9% of BW) and three slaughter ages(at 19, 22 or 25 mo). Body weight at slaughter was numerically higher(approx. 8.3%) for the restricted than the ad libitum feeding groups. TDN intake rate was higher(8.4%) for the restricted than the ad libitum feeding groups. One mo slaughter delay increased TDN intake by 4%. Despite the lack of significances, higher back fat thickness and rib-eye area appeared in the restricted feeding or the late slaughter groups compared with the ad libitum feeding or the early slaughter groups. Marbling score(mean 2.46) numerically increased when the steers were restrictively fed concentrates compared with the ad libitum feeding groups. In addition, significant increases in the marbling score were associated with the slaughter age delay. In economic analysis, increases in total income were associated with the restricted feeding and the slaughter age delay. Whereas the highest monthly income appeared in the restricted feeding-and-slaughter at 22 mo group. In conclusion, the optimal feeding system may be 1) the restricted concentrates feeding(1.9% of BW) during growing period and 2) the late slaughter age(22${\sim}$25 mo of age) in growing-fattening Holstein steers fed rice straw.

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
• /
• v.17 no.1 s.183
• /
• pp.105-110
• /
• 1985

• 월간 기계설비
• /
• s.240
• /
• pp.38-41
• /
• 2010

국토부는 하수급인의 계약상 이익을 부당하게 제한하는 특약유형을 구체화하고 하도급대금 직접지급 공공기관의 범위 확대 등의 내용을 담은 건설산업기본법 시행령 개정안을 지난 5월 27일 공포하고, 6월 30일부터 시행에 들어갔다. 다만, 건설근로자 퇴직공제 가입대상 공사범위 확대 관련 조항은 9월 30일부터 시행에 들어간다. 개정된 시행령은 하수급인의 계약상 이익을 부당하게 제한하는 특약유형을 보험료 미지급, 하자담보책임 전가, 하도급대금 조정 미반영 등으로 구체화 했으며 하도급대금 직접지급 공공기관의 범위를 공기업, 한국농어촌공사, 한국철도시설공단, 지방직영기업, 지방공사 및 지방공단 등으로 확대했다.

• 월간 기계설비
• /
• no.9 s.218
• /
• pp.40-42
• /
• 2008

공정거래위원회(위원장 백용호)는 지난 7월 25일 건설공제조합이 원수급자와 체결하는 하도급 대금지급보증계약상 보증책임의 범위를 지나치게 제한한 조항이 "약관의 규제에 관한 법률" (이하 "약관법"이라 함)에 위반된다고 판단하고 사업자에게 이를 60일 이내에 수정.삭제하도록 시정권고 조치하였다. 이에따라 건설공제조합의 불공정약관이 개선되면 앞으로 설비건설업체들이 하도급대금지급보증서를 받고서도 건설공제조합으로부터 보증금을 받지 못하는 폐단이 사라지게 될 것으로 보여진다.

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
• /
• s.92
• /
• pp.49-51
• /
• 1977

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Poultry Science Conference
• /
• 2004.11a
• /
• pp.107-108
• /
• 2004

산란계 육성기 제한시기 및 제한강도가 육성기 발육형태 및 산란생산성 반응을 구명하고자 1일령 갈색 산란 실용계 Isa-brown 1,000수를 공시하여 70주간 사양시험을 실시하였다. 사료급여 방법은 자유채식구와 제한급이구 9처리를 두었는데, 제한시기는 4, 6 및 8주령으로 하였고 제한강도는 각 시기별 70 %, 85 % 및 12주령 기준으로 70 %에서 85 %로 하는 처리를 두었다. 육성기 사료섭취량은 제한급이시기가 빠를수록 제한강도가 강할수록 자유채식구에 비하여 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다(P<0.05). 산란생산성은 4주령, 85 %구와 6주령 70 % 및 6주령 70 $\longrightarrow$ 85 % 전환구가 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 계란 난각의 품질은 제한급이구가 산란후기에 자유채식구 대비 양호한 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과에서 육성기 제한급이는 육성기 사료섭취량을 절감할 수 있으며 생산성과 난각질 향상에 기여할 것으로 판단된다.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.68-81
• /
• 1986

This experiment was conducted to find out the effects of the six different feeding methods on the development of body weight, testis, comb and pituitary gland, and the sexual maturity of White Plymouth Rock cockerels. From hatching to 22 weeks of age, the weights of whole body, testis, comb and pituitary gland, and the histological changes of testis and the semen characteristics were checked every other week. The results obtained in this expeniment were as follows: 1. The growth rates of the self-feeding groups were faster than those of the limited feeding groups (70 percent of the self-feeding) by about 2 weeks. The weights of testis and comb showed the most marked increase at 20 weeks of age in the self-feeding groups and at 22 weeks of age in the limited feeding groups, respectively. 2. The weights of pituitary gland from hatching to 22 weeks of age at all observation weeks were not recognized significantly among the compared groups except 4, 14 and 16 weeks of age. 3. Correlations between week of age, body weight, testis, comb and pituitary gland, in the course of 22 weeks, were highly significant. 4. The diameters of lumina and tubules in the seminiferous tubules increased very slowly until 10 weeks of age. They showed the most marked increase at 12 weeks of age in the self-feeding groups and at 14 weeks of age in the limited feeding groups, and then continueously increased until 22 weeks of age. 5. Primary spermatocytes appeared at first at 8 weeks in the all treatment groups. Secondary spermatocytes appeared at first at 10 weeks in the self-feeding groups and at 12 weeks in the limited feeding groups. At 14 weeks of age spermatids and spermatozoa were found at first in the self-feeding groups but spermatids were found in the limited feeding groups. 6. Age of the first ejaculation was between 14 and 16 weeks of age in the all treatment groups. The average semen volume and sperm concentration ranged from $0.1{\sim}0.2m{\ell}/ejaculate$ and $5.6{\sim}9.8{\times}10^8sperm/m{\ell}$ at the age of the first ejaculation but $0.30{\sim}0.35m{\ell}/ejaculate$ and $22.4{\sim}42.7{\times}10^8sperm/m{\ell}$ at the 20 weeks of age in the all treatment groups.

• 월간 기계설비
• /
• s.270
• /
• pp.64-67
• /
• 2013

정부가 공공 건설공사의 하도급계약 체결 자료를 일반에 공개하는 내용의 제도 개선을 추진한다. 불법 하도급을 통해 비자금을 조성하지 못하도록 하기 위한 것으로 발주기관에 거짓 하도급계약 자료를 제출하면 입찰참가자격이 제한된다. 국민권익위원회는 지난해 11월 28일 이런 내용을 담은 '공공 건설공사 불공정 하도급계약 개선 방안'을 마련해 기획재정부 등 8개 정부부처와 지방자치단체에 권고했다.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
• /
• v.26 no.8 s.231
• /
• pp.693-699
• /
• 1988

Composite Resin(콤포짓트 레진) 수복은 3급,4급(견치의 원심면 제외) 및 5등급 전치부와동에 주로 사용되었으나 재료의 개선으로 인해 1급,2급 및 견치 3급와동의 원심면에도 제한적으로 사용이 가능하게 되었다. 물론 실제적인 와동의 설계는 수복요건에 따라 다양한 형태변화를 부여할 수도 있다.