• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.137-170
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• 2002

The present paper reviews the development of democracy in the West and Korea. The first part of the paper provide a cultural framework for understanding the development of democracy in West and Korea. In the second part of the paper, an empirical study conducted in Korea will be presented. A survey questionnaire was developed to assess respondents' conception of political participation, political efficacy, trust, leadership, and social relations and it has been administered to national stratified sample in Korea (n=1,000). The results indicate that Korean respondents support the basic ideas of liberal democracy, such as the right to vote, participate in political organization, freedom of speech, and criticize government. At the same time, Korean respondents supported collective values, such as harmonious family life, harmonious social relations, and governmental welfare programs. Although Koreans trusted close ingroup members, such as family members and friends, they were less likely to trust their colleagues and outgroup members and were not likely to trust political and governmental institutions. Moreover, Korean respondents showed a low degree of political participation and efficacy and a high degree of political alienation. As for leadership, Koreans preferred moral and strong leaders. The overall results indicate that in Korea, although the basic ideals of democracy are valued, the method of implementing these ideals is different from the West. Detailed analysis of the results and implications of the study will be presented.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.60
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• pp.28-51
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• 2012

This study explored the influence of media use on the audiences' intention to vote as well as their political cynicism in 2012 General elections. I offered three research questions: Research Question 1: What is the impact of media use on the political cynicism? Research Question 2: What are the impact of political intersest, political knowledge, media malaise, political efficacy on the political cynicism? Research Question 3: What is the impact of political cynicism on vote behavior? This study analysed survey data. Based on the results of hierarchial regression analysis and path analysis(AMOS), Internet news use was found to have a significant impact on the political cynicism. But the use of newspaper, TV news were not related to political cynicism. The political efficacy decreased political cynicism effectively, The findings from this study indicate that the relationship between media use and political cynicism is contingent on many factors and that cynicism has a negligible impact on citizen participation. This study also found that persons higher in efficacy were less cynical than low in efficacy. This suggest that cynicism is not always bad thing, that it may in fact be an indication of "an interested and critical citizenry". In conclusion this study showed that we need more in-depth analyses on the relationships among attention to media use, political cynicism and voting behavior to activate political participation.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.14 no.1_spc
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• pp.427-468
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• 2008

This article examines the role and influence of educational achievement on Korean society and its future. Four major factors that associated with and influence educational achievement in Korea (i.e., trust, efficacy beliefs, quality of life, and societal transformation) are reviewed. First, the role of educational achievement on establishing a basis for trust in Korean society is examined. By reviewing studies of perception of Korean society, people and institutions, the importance of establishing trust in Korean society is outlined. Second, the role of efficacy belief in promoting educational achievement is examined. The importance of collective efficacy, at the adolescent, adult and political levels is emphasized. In addition, the concept and application of self-efficacy for teachers and parents is reviewed. Third, the role and influence of educational achievement on quality of life is outlined. Studies indicate that educational achievement plays an important role in improving the quality of life. The pressure to achieve, however, can have negative impact on stress and mental health and support systems need to be developed to alleviate their impact. Fourth, the future and prospects for Korean society through educational achievement is discussed. Through education, the importance of bridging the divide with North Korea is an important agenda for the future of Korean society. Finally, the importance of indigenous psychological perspective in understanding Korean society and providing direction for the future is discussed.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.39-60
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine new types of political participation using the new media of digital convergence generation. For this purpose, groups were classified according to age and characteristics of media usage to investigate whether there are differences in media-related tendencies, SNS and characteristics of Smartphone usage political-related characteristics, and political participation by types. The results of the study is that the media usage characteristics by generation showed a difference between groups according to the high and low motivation for using media, and there was a generation differences in politics-related characteristics and types of political participation. Digital generation showed lower political involvement, political efficiency and offline political participation than Web 1.0 generation. In addition, political efficacy showed the moderating effect that had the greatest effect on political participation by types.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.263-271
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the factors influencing the political participation of nursing students who, as they become future leaders in the nursing field, will need to increase their participation in health policy decisions. Methods: Data were collected using web-based questionnaires answered by 157 nursing students between March 13 and 27, 2023. Those data were analyzed using t-test, a one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and a multiple linear regression. Results: The average score of political participation was 2.77±0.70 out of 5 points. Political participation showed positive correlations between political efficacy (r=.48, p<.001) and nursing professionalism (r=.27, p<.001). Furthermore, sex (female) and political efficacy were identified as influencing factors on political participation among nursing students, which explained it with 24.0% power. Conclusion: Providing timely nursing education is necessary for enhancing political efficacy, which could promote political participation among nursing students.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.450-459
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• 2019

Under the new media environment this study is designed to investigate how the concept, 'self-efficacy' would be applied in an advertising context. The current study reviews consumer-controlled media environment, consumers' various attitude toward advertising and strategies for coping for advertising. In addition, how self-efficacy has been defined and applied in politics, education, and the Internet was discussed. From the advertising perspective it is interesting to examine how self-efficacy would be defined and applied in the consumers' attitude toward advertising. Lastly, this study will examine effects of self-efficacy on advertising research and advertising industry. For further study on self-efficacy much research needs to be conducted, focusing on conceptual and operational definition. Specifically, scale development and validation tests of 'self-efficacy' should be preceded.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.395-405
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• 2017

In this research, we analyzed the structural (influence) of citizens' political awareness and political participation on the settlement of political culture. The results are as follows. Firstly, the analysis of the relationship between the citizens' political awareness and political reliability in Hypothesis 1 showed that the higher their election sense and self-efficacy, the higher their satisfaction with and evaluation of politics. Secondly, the analysis of the relationship between the citizens' political awareness and social sense of belonging in Hypothesis 2 showed that the higher the election sense and recognition in society, the higher the social sense of belonging. Thirdly, the analysis of the influence of political reliability on political participation in Hypothesis (3) showed that the higher the political satisfaction and political assessment, the higher the positive participation in politics and negative participation in politics. Fourth, in the analysis of the influence of social sense of belonging on political participation in Hypothesis 4, it was found that the higher the citizens' social belonging awareness, the higher the positive political participation and negative political participation. Therefore, it was found that the higher the political awareness of the citizens, such as their election sense and knowledge about their politicians, the more positive were their political reliability and political participation.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.342-352
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify how political interest, efficacy and media usage influence political participation in hospital nurses. Methods: Participants were 286 nurses, who were informed of the study purpose and agreed to participate. Data were collected during November and December, 2012 using a questionnaire on political interest, political efficacy, media usage and political participation. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Scheff$\acute{e}$'s test, Pearson Correlation Coefficients, and Multiple Stepwise Regression. Results: Scores for political participation and political interest was average. The score for political efficacy was higher than average. Political participation was significantly different by education level, job career, position, and intention to vote in the election for the 18th President. Political participation had a moderate positive correlation with political interest (r=.50, p<.001), political efficacy (r=.32, p<.001) and media usage (r=.14, p=.022). Political interest (${\beta}$=.43) was the factor most influential on political participation, explaining 25% of the variance. A total of 32% of political participation was explained by political interest, political efficacy, and TV news or SNS for media use. Conclusion: The results suggest that it is necessary to develop strategies to promote political interest and political efficacy for hospital nurses to improve political participation.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.24-32
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• 2019

This study examines the extent to which the differences in perceptions regarding principles of journalism and political identity between journalists and their news organizations are related to journalists' psychological burnout. To understand this, this study analyzes the secondary data of the 2017 South Korean journalists' consciousness conducted by the Korean Press Foundation. Psychological burnout consists of three subdimensions of MBI-GS: cynicism, lack of professional efficacy, and exhaustion. The differences in perceptions regarding the principles of journalism between journalists and their affiliated news organizations is measured by the differences in each of the seven reporting principles. This study found that the larger the difference in the perception of objectivity between journalists and their affiliated news organizations, the more likely they were to experience cynicism, lack of professional efficacy, and exhaustion. The greater the difference in political identity between journalists and their own organization, the more likely they were to have greater cynicism and exhaustion.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.83-93
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• 2009

The politics instruction, where utilizing an online game named 'Goonzu' as an instructional tool had been implemented to students from four classes of 5th grade during ten weeks. Four teachers participated in teaching the students and constructed curriculum by playing 'Goonzu' and analyzing the regular elemental school Politics curriculum before implementation. To verify effectiveness of the instruction, the survey, asking students' efficacy, interest and their cognitive changes of main elements that students considered when they elected their representatives, was conducted. Moreover opinions about this instruction from the students and the teachers were gathered through the forms of interview and short essay. As the results of this research, students' efficacy toward doing politic activities was significantly increased. However, m case of students' interests to this instruction, there was no significant difference despite of increase of the mean. Also, students put more weight on intrinsic e1ements(daigency, responsibility) of the representative in online election than offline election and the students, who took the course, stressed intrinsic elements more than other students.