• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.203-213
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• 2024

In this study, we investigated the growth and physiological responses of Iris laevigata Fisch. to shading treatments in order to suggest optimal light conditions for ex-situ conservation of the northern lineage plants. For this purpose, a control plant receiving full sunlight and different shading treatments (50%, 75%, 95%) were installed, and leaf mass per area, chlorophyll content and fluorescence response, and photosynthetic characteristics were investigated. I. laevigata developed leaves with higher photosynthetic efficiency to adapt to lower light intensity as shading levels increased. Chlorophyll content increased with increasing shading levels, and leaf mass per area decreased with increasing leaf area. The chlorophyll fluorescence responses Fv/Fm and NPQ did not change with shading, and the activity of the carbon fixation system did not differ between treatments. I. laevigata exhibited a light-saturation point equivalent to that of sun plants and maintained photosynthetic capacity similar to that of controls up to 75% shading. The apparent quantum yield of I. laevigata decreased significantly at 95% shading, indicating adaptation to lower light conditions. It seems that the photosynthetic capacity of I. laevigata decreases when grown under 95% shading level compared to full sunlight, and it is judged that the longer the light is restricted by continuous shading, the more unfavorable the growth will be.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.113 no.2
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• pp.198-209
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• 2024

This study aimed to investigate the impact of light intensity, manipulated through different shading levels, on the growth and physiological responses of Thermopsis lupinoides. To assess the effects of shading treatments, we examined leaf mass per area, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence response, and photosynthetic characteristics. T. lupinoidesexhibited adaptive responses under low light conditions (50% shading), showing increased leaf area and decreased leaf mass per area as shading levels increased. These changes indicate morpho-physiological adaptations to reduced light availability. At 50% shading, the physiological and ecological responses were favorable, with optimal photosynthetic functions including chlorophyll content, photosynthesis saturation point, photosynthetic rate, carbon fixation efficiency, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and water use efficiency. However, at 95% shading, the essential light conditions for growth were not met, significantly impairing photosynthetic functions. Consequently, 50% shading was determined to be the most optimal condition for T. lupinoides growth. These findings provide valuable insights for effective ex-situconservation practices and site selection for T. lupinoides, serving as foundational data for habitat restoration efforts.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.51-64
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• 2002

To investigate long-period wave responses in Sokcho Harbor and Cheongcho lagoon, field measurements were made for long-and short-period waves and current velocities using a Directional Waverider, a ultrasonic-type wave gauge, four pressure-type wave gauges, and a current meter. From the data analysis, it was found that the Helmholtz resonant periods of Sokcho Harbor and Cheongcho lagoon are about 13.6 and 54.5 minutes, respectively, and the dominant period of wave induced current in the passage between Sokcho Harbor and Cheongcho lagoon is about 55.2 minutes which depends on Helmholtz resonant condition of the Cheongcho lagoon. It was also found that the energy level of the far-infra-gravity waves during storm conditions is very high compared with that during calm sea conditions. To investigate relationships between far-infra-gravity waves and short-period waves at offshore station, regression analyses were carried out especially for 1) heights, 2) periods, 3) direction and height, 4) height and period between short-and far-infra-gravity waves, respectively. The results showed that the long-period wave height is highly correlated with the short-period wave height. However, no special trend was found for the other relations. In the future far-infra-gravity wave heights on return period around Sokcho Harbor region can be suggested by using extreme value analyses of long term measured data.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.171-202
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• 2024

If the plant genetic resources and information-sharing systems held by arboretums worldwide are effectively utilized, it is believed that a conservation system for plant diversity in the currently inaccessible North Korean region could be established. This study was conducted to review the scientific names of plants native to North Korea but not to South Korea and to assess the status of genetic resources held in domestic and international arboretums. To compile a list and status of North Korean plant's genetic resources, updated checklists of vascular plants in Korean Peninsula and online plant information databases were consulted to compile synonym, distribution range, and other related information. A total of 486 taxa (449 species, 13 subspecies, 21 varieties, 1 forma and 2 hybrids) from 236 genera and 64 families, representing 12.34% of the total native flora of the Korean Peninsular were presented in the North Korea plant list, and the presence of rare, endemic and northern lineage species was confirmed. It was found that 384 taxa from 190 genera, 53 families of North Korean plants are held as genetic resources in 333 arboretums and plant research institutions across 46 countries and 5 continents worldwide. This study is expected to contribute to the construction and application of a species list for plants native to the Korean Peninsula.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.58-74
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• 2018

This study aims to propose baseline data for designing restoration of Gaobyulup, researching space formation and characteristics of gardens of Gaobyulup, which located in the foot of Cheonmasan Mountain in Namyangju. Gaobyulup is a remain in retirement of Gyulsan Yu-Won Lee, a representative politician, administrator, and tea drinker in late Joseon Dynasty. The results of the research about the shape of Gaobyulup deducted through reference review, poetry and prose analysis, an on-the-spot survey and residents' interview are below: Lee, who used pseudonym as 'Gyulsan,' which menas Jongnamsan Mountain, yearned Mangcheonbyeoreop(輞川別業) by Yu Wang and retirement with a country house operation by Seogye Sedang Park. In the persuit of this ideal, he created and operated a country house in Gaogok of Yangju, which a family burial ground was located. Gaobyulup, which located in Gaogok in the lower part of Cheonmasan Mountain, was largely composed outer and inner gardens, and the area of house operation was started from a stone post of Gaobokji The inner garden of Gaobyulup was including major garden components like buildings, such as Sasihyanggwan, Obaekganjung, Imharyoe and Toesadam, and Chaewon near Haengrangchae, and Gwawon in an backyard. In addition, Younggwijung pavilion, which located 850m away from Gaobyulup, was the another country house inside the Byulup, thus Gaobyulup shows a duplex space formation. In the inner garden of Gaobyulup, there are Sasihyanggwan, which had functions of Sarangchae as library and depository of old paintings and calligraphic works, and Obaekganjung, a small Sarangchae which connected with Sasihyanggwan in the form of a transept. Yusanggoksuger located near Obaekganjung. Additionally, Imharyeo, a library with a tablet of Byeokryowon(??園), which located in the highest point in Byulup, has the functions of a reading room and a tea house. Many Taihu stones were located not only in Toesadam, a square-formed pond with lotus but also many places in the inner gardens. And rare garden plants were planted. These were closely related to the trend of horticulture for pleasure, wealth, and collecting old paintings and calligraphic works for pleasure of Lee. Meanwhile, the area of Younggwijung pavilion, located in Gaocheon stream fall from Byulup to Manhoiam, looks like Wooampok, a enjoying place of other personages, who use their pseudonym as "Oksan" or "Wooam" Lee identifies Wooampok as "Jesampok" and carved 'Gyulsan' s he declared this place is his operating area. Lee built Younggwijung pavilion and planted many peach trees for recreation of utopia. The stone letters of Byukpadongcheon, located in front of a bridge in the foreside of Younggwijung pavilion, seems another enchanted land created in Gaobokji inside. Lee carved Jeilsan in huge rock on the falls rear Manhoiam temple, which Lee did great role of foundation of the temple, so he identifies that this place was the end of the outer garden of Gaobyulup. This study tries to estimate traces of the country house in Gaogok through reference review and on-th-spot survey, and the results from this study are presumed based on site remains only conformed today. It needs to discover second scenary or stone carved letters between Jeilsan and Jesampok. Additionally, exact formation characteristics of Gaobyulup should be identified through excavation survey later. To do so, an interest and a major role of Namyangju-si must be equipped for future restoration of Gaobyulup.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.18-24
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• 2003

One of the most important subjects in the implementation of real time speech recognizer is to design both reliable VAD(Voice Activity Detection) and suitable speech feature vector. But, because it is difficult to calculate reliable VAD in the environment having surrounding noise, designed suitable speech feature vector may not be obtained. Solving this problem, in this paper, we implement not only short time power spectrum which is generally used but also two additive parameters, the comparison measure of spectrum density having robust property in noise and linear discriminant function using linear regression, then perform VAD by using the combination of each parameter having apt weight in other magnitudes of surrounding noise and confirm that proposed parameters show a robust characteristic in circumstances having surrounding noise by using DTW(Dynamic Time Waning) in recognition experiment.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.34 no.12C
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• pp.1147-1153
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• 2009

We propose a novel image segmentation and segment-based stereo matching technique using color, depth, and motion information. Proposed technique firstly splits reference images into foreground region or background region using depth information from depth camera. Then each region is segmented into small segments with color information. Moreover, extracted segments in current frame are tracked in the next frame in order to maintain depth consistency between frames. The initial depth from the depth camera is also used to set the depth search range for stereo matching. Proposed segment-based stereo matching technique was compared with conventional one without foreground and background separation and other conventional one without motion tracking of segments. Simulation results showed that the improvement of segment extraction and depth estimation consistencies by proposed technique compared to conventional ones especially at the static background region.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.117-147
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• 2012

The role of middle managers in local administrative organizations is getting important in showing administrative capacity of public officials who are members, enhancing effectiveness and competitiveness of an organization. The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of demographic characteristics as well as the mediating effects of organizational culture between leadership of middle managers and organizational effectiveness such as job satisfaction and organizational commitment using the sample from local administrative organizations of Kangwon province. Results of empirical study are summarized. In final suggestions, implications and some limitations of the present study are discussed as well.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.421-426
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• 2016

This study suggests a board fence design with a convergence-style mural. The basic structure contains pictorial factors with mural paintings on the fence. It is also equipped with electricity facilities inside the fence itself, so it has not only the unique function of the fence but also the complexity and expandability in order to be used as a garden lighting and security alarm system. All the components meet the standard so they can be manufactured in a factory. Through this design proposal, this study tries to suggest a fence which encourages personal or social communication one another as well as the basic function of the fence. As a result, the fence realizes a broad convergence function of its usefulness for social functioning such as the crime prevention as well as an esthetic function.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.99-112
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• 2015

Observation of land surface temperature in industrial areas is problematic, as it is not possible to construct a network of weather stations with sufficiently high density and continuous operation in such zones. Multiphase remote sensing data that cover a wide area and take a short time to process can enable the user to precisely and continuously measure the current and changing land surface temperatures in a certain region. Jeollanam-Do in South Korea is undergoing rapid industrialization, with the establishment of a number of industrial complexes, such as the Gwangyang Steelworks, Yeosu Industrial Complex, Yulchon Industrial complex, and Daebul Industrial Complex. To look into the properties of industrial complex's temperature, this study uses the thermal band of Landsat 7 ETM+ images acquired under thermal infrared wavelengths in order to calculate and compare the surface temperatures of the four above-named industrial complexes. From this, it is possible to obtain the basic information about industrial complex for environmental and natural resource management, which will aid industrial complex planners in developing methods of addressing environmental problems.