• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.220-227
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate how much understand about artificial hydration in patients with terminal cancer, according to the subject groups, including patients, families, and general public. Methods: Data were collected from June 2007 to December 2007 and the participants included 22 hospitalized patients in the hospice unit of S Hospital, 100 families, and 101 participants who participated in a hospice education program for the general public. The questionnaire was developed through literature review, interview with patients' families, and expertise consultation. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics with an SAS program. Results: Understanding of artificial hydration among patients, families and general public was examined from three perspectives. From an ethical perspective, 'if you receive artificial hydration, you can live longer', 45.5%, 63%, and 52.4% of the above three groups, respectively, answered "yes". From an emotional perspective, 'artificial hydration must be provided', 81.8%, 70% and 58.4%, respectively, agreed. From a cultural perspective, 'if artificial hydration is not provided for the patient, the families will feel painful', 95.5%, 83%, and 88.2%, respectively, answered "yes". Conclusion: This study found the differences in understanding of artificial hydration among patients, families and general public, and also found that less than 50 percent of the participants understood artificial hydration appropriately. We suggest, therefore, that patients' understanding about artificial hydration should be determined in the clinical setting and then followed by individualized education according to given medical situations.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.243-251
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate how nurses who take care of terminal patients perceive fluid therapy and how this therapy is currently being used in hospitals. Methods: This survey included 200 nurses, 87 of whom were working in the oncology units of 3 university hospitals in Seoul, Korea, and 113 were working in 18 hospice centers. The data for this study were collected by means of structured questionnaires and analyzed by using the Statistical Analysis System software. The differences in perception towards fluid therapy between nurses working in oncology units and those working in hospice centers were examined using the $x^2$ test and analysis of covariance. Results: Fluid therapy was perceived more negatively by the nurses from hospice centers than by those from oncology units. Continuous subcutaneous infusion was used in hospice centers, but not in oncology units. In addition, the average amount of fluid infused daily differed significantly between the oncology units and hospice centers. Conclusion: Our results show that there were differences in the perception towards fluid therapy between nurses in different clinical settings. Nurses caring for terminal and palliative care patients should not simply provide or withhold fluid therapy, but rather develop a wider range of views on fluid therapy, focusing on effective alternative interventions.

• 대한소아신장학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.65-77
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• 2007

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.372-380
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was done to investigate nurses' perceived importance of, and performance of intravenous fluid therapy. Methods: Data were collected from a convenience sample of 234 nurses (return rate: 93%) working in 3 small-medium general hospitals. Results: The score for perceived importance of intravenous fluid therapy ($3.65{\pm}0.37$) was higher than that of performance ($3.45{\pm}0.39$). There were positive correlations between perceived importance and performance (r=.576, p<.001). There were 180 (80.8%) errors in intravenous fluid therapy. Perceived importance and performance scores were higher in nurses who had not experienced medication errors in intravenous fluid therapy. Conclusion: The results indicate a need to develop appropriate strategies to improve perceived importance and performance and enhance safety management during intravenous fluid therapy for nurses in small-medium general hospitals.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.121-128
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• 2019

Medical services should be provided not only to patients but also to medical staff who are the main actors of medical treatment. This paper is based on Ethnography, observing the behavior of medical staff performing medical actions and finding what is the most frequent of physical medical treatment. In particular, I observed the need for recognition and performance of the clinical workforce for invasive medical treatment. Based on the Insight from the observation and analysis of medical staff's behavior on intravenous fluid therapy and in-depth interview, I defined four design value factors. Plus, I suggest a design prototype with a proposal for designing a medical consumable kit for intravenous fluid therapy to validate the design elements. Kitting medical consumables simplify the preparation and disposal process throughout the treatment, enabling rapid medical action and increasing work efficiency.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.463-470
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• 2022

Intravenous injection is widely used for patient treatment, including injection drugs, fluids, parenteral nutrition, and blood products, and is the most frequently performed invasive treatment for inpatients, including blood collection, peripheral catheter insertion, and other IV therapy, and more than 1 billion cases per year. Intravenous injection is one of the difficult procedures performed only by experienced nurses who have been trained in intravenous injection, and failure can lead to thrombosis and hematoma or nerve damage to the vein. Nurses who frequently perform intravenous injections may also make mistakes because it is not easy to detect veins due to factors such as obesity, skin color, and age. Accordingly, studies on auxiliary equipment capable of visualizing the venous structure of the back of the hand or arm have been published to reduce mistakes during intravenous injection. This paper is about the development of venous detection equipment that visualizes venous structure during intravenous injection, and the optimal combination was selected by comparing the brightness of acquired images according to the combination of near-infrared (NIR) LED and Filter with different wavelength bands. In addition, an image processing algorithm was derived to threshehold and making blood vessel part to green through grayscale conversion, histogram equilzation, and sharpening filters for clarity of vein images obtained through the implemented venous detection experimental module.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.110-114
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• 2007

Purpose: This study evaluate clinical findings & management of rhabdomyolysis after strenuous activities in military police recruit. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out from June $1^{st}$, 2004 and May $23^{nd}$, 2005. The study subjects were 13 military police recruit patients who were admitted to our hospital with intractable muscle pain and swelling, and had suspicions of Rhabdomyolysis. The patients were given various blood tests (CPK, CK-MB, AST, BUN/Cr, and Electrolyte) and clinically observed. The patients were all males, and their average age was 20 $(19\sim21)$ years. Seven cases were due to push-up exercises, 5 was due to a soccer game, and 1 was due to riot control activities. The patients complained of swelling and tenderness in various parts of the extremities. Four complained of swelling and tenderness in forearm, 3 in upper arm, 1 in shoulder, and 5 in lower extremity. The diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis was made if the patient complained clinical symptom and had a blood CPK level of above 1,000 IU/L at the time of admission. Patients who took medication or had medical problem were excluded from this study. Bone scans were taken of all patients 4 hours after giving 99mTc-MDP 20mCi intravenously. Treatment was bed rest and fluid therapy. Patients who complained of excessive pain were given splint immobilization. Results: The average hospitalization day for the 13 patients was 20 days ($14\sim42$ days). Excluding one patient who exhibited ARF at time of admission, all patients showed a decrease of blood CPK below 1000 IU/L at an average hospitalization time of 8 days ($2\sim11$ days). The patient with ARF recovered after hemodialysis and fluid therapy. Conclusion: Patients complaining of swelling and severe muscle pain after excessive exercise or training should be suspicious of exercise induced rhabdomyolysis, and should be given blood tests and fluid therapy immediately.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.18-23
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• 2012

Totally implantable venous devices (TIVD)는 장기간 항암 화학 요법이나 총 정맥 영양, 수액치료가 필요한 환자에서 많이 사용된다. TIVD는 매우 유용하고 안전한 장치이지만, 이와 관련된 다양한 합병증이 보고 되어 왔다. 저자들은 카테터의 혈관 내 유착에 의해 TIVD의 제거가 불완전하게 된 2예를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.441-447
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• 2023

Intravenous infusion therapy is a standard nursing procedure in medical institutions that provides patients with drugs, fluids, blood, and nutrients into the patient's mucus. It is mainly performed and managed by nurses. Additionally, it is an injection method that injects drugs directly into the blood vessels, and is used to achieve rapid results in emergency situations, and quick and accurate effects can be expected. Even experienced nurses through education and training often make mistakes, which can not only cause discomfort to patients but also cause various problems that threaten patient safety. Various studies are being conducted to reduce the pain caused by these mistakes. This paper acquired images of veins on the back of the hands of three subjects through an image detection device and conducted a study to derive an algorithm to provide clear vein images through image processing of the collected images. To sharpen the acquired vein images, existing algorithms Histogram Equalization, CLAHE, and Unsharp Masking were selected and combined. A histogram graph was used to compare images derived by applying individual algorithms and algorithm combinations to images. The histogram graph was checked by calculating the difference between the minimum and maximum values of distributed pixels and averaging them. The algorithm combination presented in this paper was 209.1, which was higher than the average values of individual algorithms of 138.7, 132.3, and 126.2, and it was confirmed that visibility was good even in actual images.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.113-125
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• 2002

This study is to evaluate contamination of the 3-way stopcocks connected to infusion set, which is used to the patients admitted to emergency room in a general hospital in D city. The data were collected from Oct. 1, 2001 to Feb. 25, 2002. First of all, in order to select microorganisms, From the 50 patients were randomized, Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, micrococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter detected. Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, micrococcus were determined to be evaluated in this study. As a result, 8 of the patients were Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus positive(>15 colonies), 4 were Staphylococcus aureus positive(>15 colonies). 1 was micrococcus positive(>15 colonies). Among the patients who were Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus positive 112(average) colonies were detected on the first day, 429 were on the second day, and 563 were on the third day. In case of patients of Staphylococcus aureus positive, 85(average) colonies were detected on the first day, 151 were on the second day, and the 203 were on the third day. CNS was cultured using API kit for the 8 patients who were in CNS positive. One case was detected Staphylococcus capitis, another one case was Staphylococcus chromogenes. Two cases were Staphylococcus xylosus, another two were Staphylococcus hominis, and the remainer were Staphylococcus epidermidis. As a result, the API codes of two Staphylococcus epidermidis had shown the same pattern, and the resistance patterns of the them were the same, too. As a result of resistance test among 5 patients who have shown that the same resistance pattern in 02SAK1, 02SAK5, 02SAK2, 02SAK4. As a result of this study, aseptic technique of 3-way stopcock intravenous therapy can protect infections, and it is needed the sterilization of the 3-way stopcock just before injection using disinfectants. It needs to improve the 3 way stopcock change intervals from 48 hours.