• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.13 no.5
• /
• pp.641-650
• /
• 2010

Color image sensors (CIS) output color images through image sensors and image signal processing. Image sensors that convert light to electrical signal are divided into CMOS image sensor and CCD image sensor according to transferring method of signal charge. In general, a CIS has RGB output signals from tri-stimulus XYZ of the scene through image signal processing. This paper presents an adaptive colorimetric analysis method to obtain chromaticity and luminance using CIS under various environments. An image sensor for the use of colorimeter is characterized based on the CIE standard colorimetric observer. We use the method of least squares to derive a colorimetric characterization matrix between camera RGB output signals and CIE XYZ tristimulus values. We first survey the camera characterization in the standard environment then derive a SGL(shutter-gain-level) function which is relationship between luminance and auto exposure (AE) characteristic of CIS, and read the status of an AWB(auto white balance) function. Then we can apply CIS to measure luminance and chromaticity from camera outputs and AE resister values without any preprocessing. Camera RGB outputs, register values, and camera photoelectric characteristic are used to analyze the colorimetric results for real scenes such as chromaticity and luminance. Experimental results show that the proposed method is valid in the measuring performance. The proposed method can apply to various fields like surveillant systems of the display or security systems.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.20 no.12
• /
• pp.730-736
• /
• 2019

The demand for natural gas, which is considered an environmentally friendly energy source, is increasing, and at the same time, the market share of large pipelines for natural gas supply is increasing continuously. On the other hand, the corrosion of such large pipelines reduces the efficiency of natural gas transportation. Therefore, this study aims to establish a strategy for securing the patent rights of related technologies through quantitative analysis of patents on energy-independent high-efficiency corrosion prevention technology for large-scale pipelines for natural gas supply. In this patent technology trend study, Korean, US, Japanese, and European patents filed, published, and registered by June 2018 were analyzed, and a technical classification system and classification criteria were prepared through expert discussion. To use fuel cells as an external power source to prevent the corrosion of natural gas large-scale pipelines, it is believed that rights can be claimed using an energy control system and methods having 1) branch structures of pipeline and facility designs (decompressor/compressor/heat exchanger) and 2) decompression/preheating and pressurization/cooling technology of high pressure natural gas.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
• /
• v.41 no.6
• /
• pp.747-761
• /
• 2008

In order to experiment the acoustic remote classification of seabed sediment, we achieved ground-truth data(i.e. video and grab samples, etc.) and developed post-processing for automatic classification procedure on the basis of 300 kHz MultiBeam Echo Sounder(MBES) backscattering data, which was acquired using KONGBERG Simrad EM3000 at Sock-Cho Port, East Sea of South Korea. Sonar signal and its classification performance were identified with geo-referenced video imagery with the aid of GIS (Geographic Information System). The depth range of research site was from 5 m to 22.7 m, and the backscattering amplitude showed from -36dB to -15dB. The mean grain sizes of sediment from equi-distanced sampling site(50 m interval) varied from 2.86$(\phi)$ to 0.88(\phi). To acquire the main feature for the seabed classification from backscattering amplitude of MBES, we evaluated the correlation factors between the backscattering amplitude and properties of sediment samples. The performance of seabed remote classification proposed was evaluated with comparing the correlation of human expert segmentation to automatic algorithm results. The cross-model perception error ratio on automatic classification algorithm shows 8.95% at rocky bottoms, and 2.06% at the area representing low mean grain size.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.40 no.3
• /
• pp.354-359
• /
• 2008

A survey for zearalenone contamination was conducted on 27 soy bean samples, 27 red bean samples, 16 black bean samples, 19 seoritae samples, 14 seomoktae samples, for a total of 127 commercial Korean samples. Zearalenone was quantified by the immunoaffinity column clean-up method with high performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD), and was confirmed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS). The limits of detection and quantification were $2.0{\mu}g/kg$ and $6.0{\mu}g/kg$, respectively. The recovery in the beans ranged from 82.2 to 98.4%. According to HPLC-FLD, zearalenone was detected in 13 samples (10.2% incidence), including 1 soybean and 12 red bean samples. The zearalenone contamination levels were in the range of 8.01${\sim}38.98{\mu}g/kg$. Finally, LC-MS/MS analysis was conducted in the contaminated samples to verify the results of HPLC-FLD. The LC-MS/MS results confirmed the presence of zearalenone in all 13 samples. The contamination level was lower than that of EU, which is below $100{\mu}g/kg$ for raw grains.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.16-23
• /
• 2000

A topography-precipitation relationship derived from the southern part of Korean Peninsula was applied to North Korea where climate stations are few and widely separated. Two hundred and seventy seven rain gauge stations of South Korea were classified into 8 different groups depending on the slope orientation (aspect) of the region they are located. Monthly precipitation averaged over 10 year period (1986-1995) was regressed to topographical variables of the station locations. A 'trend precipitation' for each gauge station was extracted from the precipitation surface interpolated from the monthly precipitation data of 24 standard stations of the Korea Meteorological Administration and used as a substitute for y-axis intercept of the regression equation. These regression models were applied to the corresponding regions of North Korea, which were identified by slope orientation, to obtain monthly precipitation surface for the aspect regions. 'Trend precipitation' from the 10 year data of 27 North Korean standard stations was also used in the model calculation. Output grids for each aspect region were mosaicked to form the monthly and annual precipitation surface with a 1km$\times$1km resolution for the entire territory of North Korea. Spatially averaged annual precipitation of North Korea was 938 mm with the standard deviation of 246 mm.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.320-331
• /
• 2013

The National Center for AgroMeteorology (NCAM) has designed a risk management solution for individual farms threatened by the climate change and variability. The new service produces weather risk indices tailored to the crop species and phenology by using site-specific weather forecasts and analysis derived from digital products of the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA). If the risk is high enough to cause any damage to the crops, agrometeorological warnings or watches are delivered to the growers' cellular phones with relevant countermeasures to help protect their crops against the potential damage. Core techniques such as scaling down of weather data to individual farm level and the crop specific risk assessment for operational service were developed and integrated into a cloud based service system. The system was employed and implemented in a rural catchment of 50 $km^2$ with diverse agricultural activities and 230 volunteer farmers are participating in this project to get the user-specific weather information from and to feed their evaluations back to NCAM. The experience obtained through this project will be useful in planning and developing the nation-wide early warning service in agricultural sector exposed to the climate and weather extremes under climate change and climate variability.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2007.05a
• /
• pp.326-330
• /
• 2007

도시화 면적이 증가하면 불투수 면적이 증가하고 그에 따라 도시 하천의 평상시 유출이 감소한다. 도시유역의 평상시 수량을 회복시키는 방법으로는 침투 증진시설(투수성 포장, 침투 트렌치, 침투 측구 등)의 설치, 하수의 고도처리 후 방류 저수지에 의한 유황 개선, 지하철 용출수 활용 등이 있다. 우리나라의 경우에 일부 도시하천의 수량 감소가 심각한 상황에 이르고 있으며 이를 해결하고자 하는 노력이 최근에 나타나고 있다. 수량을 회복하려면 유량 평가를 위한 현장조사, 수량회복 계획, 재원의 반영, 수량회복 시설의 설치 및 관리의 순서로 단계별 사업이 수행되어야 한다. 계획 단계의 과업에서 필요한 사항은 여러 가지 수량 회복 방법의 영향을 정량 평가하는 것이다. 이에 핵심이 되는 것은 수량 회복 요소를 포함하거나 추가한 수문순환 평가 도구이다. 침투시설 중 투수성 포장과 침투 트렌치를 모의하도록 기존의 SWMM 모형을 수정하였다. 그 과정에서 증발량 처리와 지하수 출력기능에 대한 오류도 수정되었다. 수정 개발된 SWMM을 침투시설 모형실험 결과와 비교하여 수정된 프로그램의 적합성을 검증하였다. 투수성 포장과 침투 트렌치를 고려하여 수정된 프로그램을 안양천의 지류인 학의천 유역에 적용하여 침투시설의 효과를 분석하였다. 만일 학의천 불투수 면적의 10%를 투수성 포장으로 교체하면 하류 비산교 지점의 저수량$(Q_{275})$이 3 %, 갈수량$(Q_{355})$이 17 % 증가하는 것으로 분석되었다. 침투 트렌치의 경우 학의천 소유역 별로 100m 트렌치를 $5{\sim}10$개 시공할 경우 저수량은 약 1 %, 갈수량은 약9 %가 증가하였다. 수정 개발된 SWMM을 사용하면 침투 트렌치와 투수성 포장 이 도시 유역의 건기 수량회복에 미치는 영향을 분석할 수 있다.해 경보발령 이전에 한계수위를 넘어서는 경우(case_3)로서 분석되었다. 이러한 실패한 경보발령의 경우에 대한 원인분석 결과, 기존의 모형화를 통해 고려되지 못하였던 해안도시 홍수의 특성 중 총강우량에 대한 고려, 선행강우 여부 및 강우 지속시간, 지속시간 내 강우집중도 그리고 선정지점 내 조위의 영향과 유역내 합류식 하수관거 시스템의 영향 등 자연유역과는 다른 다소 복잡한 요소를 고려한 해안도시홍수 경보발령 기준에 대한 개선이 필요함을 확인할 수 있었다.이 좋다고 고찰된다. 6. 우리 나라의 현행 수도작기로 본 기온 및 일조조건은 수도의 분얼전기에 대해서는 호조건하에 놓여 있으나, 분얼후기인 7월 중ㆍ하순 경의 일조부족과 고온다습조건은 병해, 특히 도열병의 유발원인이 되고 있다. 7. 우리 나라의 현행수도작기로 본 전국각지의 수도의 출수기는 모두 일조시간이 적은 부적당한 시기에 처해 있다. 8. 출수후 40일간의 평균기온에 의한 적산온도 88$0^{\circ}C$의 출현기일은 수원에서 8월 23일이었고, 년간편차를 고려한 안전출수기일은 8월 19일로서 적산온도면에서는 관행 출수기일은 약간 늦다고 보았다. 9. 등열기의 평균기온에 의한 적산온도는 현행 수도작기로서는 최종한계시기에 놓여 있으며, 평균기온의 년간편차와 우리 나라의 최저기온이 낮은 점을 고려할 때, 현행출수기는 다소 늦은 것으로 보았다. 10. 생육단계별의 수도체내의 질소함량은 영양생장기의 질소함량이 과다하였으며, 출수 이후에 영양조락을 여하히 방지하느냐가 문제된다고 보았다. 11. 수리불안전답 및 천수답이 차지하는 전답면적의 비율은 차차 감소되고 있는데, 이와 전체 10a당 수량의 증가율과의 상관계수를 산출하였는데, 수리불안전답과의 상관계수 (4)는 +0.525였으며, 천수답과는 r=+0.832, 그리고 수리불안전답과 천수답을 합계한 것과의

• Journal of Mushroom
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.224-235
• /
• 2012

Quality change of winter mushroom were investigated during storage and distribution phase as influenced by storage temperature. According to storage period and temperature, amino acids, were analysed and quantified with the mushroom fruiting bodies using HPLC and morphological characteristics were investigated. Characteristic changes of winter mushroom fruiting bodies were described as follows during storage according to the storage temperature. Looking at the results of the analyzed amino acid contents, temperature between $-1^{\circ}C$ and $4^{\circ}C$ was optimal condition for the storage. At $4^{\circ}C$, the chemical composition tended to be maintained. On the other hand, the results indicate the rapid loss of nutrition at $-1^{\circ}C$ within 7 days of storage. Exceptionally, proline was shown to be increased. Brown line mushroom had a larger loss than white line mushroom. Based on this result, brown line mushroom have shown significant differences among varieties. Therefore, winter mushroom should be stored at $4^{\circ}C$ to minimize nutrient loss and to maintain freshness and mushrooms should be consumed within 14 days after harvest.

• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.271-277
• /
• 2005

Urea in blood has been measured as an effective marker for diagnosis of renal function. Urea which is e end-product of nitrogen containing metabolites such as proteins is filtered through glomeruli of kidneys and then excreted as urine. If the renal function is deteriorated, the urea concentration in blood will be increased, from which the healthiness of renal function is judged. In order to improve the confidence of diagnosis results, the results must keep traceability chain to certified reference materials, which was certified by primary reference method. In this study, we proposed isotope dilution-liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (ID-LC/MS) as a candidate primary method, in which $15^N_2$-urea is used as an internal reference material. The developed method is highly accurate in principle and is convenient as it does not require cumbersome derivatization. 0.1 mmol/L ammonium chloride was selected as a mobile phase for HPLC because it provided low interference in MS analysis of relatively low molecular weighted urea. HPLC and MS were connected with an electrospray ionization (ESI) interface of positive mode, which provided high sensitivity and reproducibility. The developed method was validated with internationally recognized reference materials, and we have obtained satisfactory results in an international ring trial. The expanded uncertainty calculated according to ISO guide was 1.8% at 95% confidence interval. The developed method is being used as a primary reference measurement method such as for certification of serum certified reference materials (CRMs).

• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.25 no.5
• /
• pp.307-312
• /
• 2012

To perform inhalation toxicity test by using experiment animals, we set up an analytical method to monitor didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) in aerosol nebulized into inhalation chambers by ion chromatography. DDAC was adsorbed by XAD-2 resin and analyzed with conductivity detector. Recovery of DDAC desorbed by acetonitrile from XAD adsorbent was 87.8%. The method detection limit (MDL) and the limit of quantitation (LOQ) were 2.97 ${\mu}g/m^3$ and 8.92 ${\mu}g/m^3$, respectively. Repeatability was calculated as RSD 7.8% in the range of 0~20 ${\mu}g/mL$. Time needed to analyze a sample was less than 5 minutes. Therefore, the analysis of DDAC by ion chromatography was practically useful in monitoring DDAC in inhalation chambers with rapidity and sensitivity manner to perform inhalation toxicity test using experimental animals.