• Title/Summary/Keyword: 정규성

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Wage Differentials between Standard and Non-standard Workers (정규-비정규근로자 임금격차)

  • Kim, Yong-Min;Park, Ki Seong
    • Journal of Labour Economics
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    • v.29 no.3
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    • pp.25-48
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    • 2006

  • In this study, the wage differentials between standard and non-standard workers are estimated using the data from the Establishment Employment Survey of 2003. The estimated wage differentials between standard and non-standard workers become greater controlling for the fixed effects of establishments. The within-establishment wage differential is estimated to be 20.7% between male standard and male non-standard workers in unorganized establishments controlling for establishment heterogeneity. However, the estimated overall wage differential is reduced to 6.8% due to the high wages of non-standard workers in large size establishments and the low wages of standard workers in small size establishments. This difference between 20.7% and 6.8% reflects the between-establishment wage differential. In organized establishments, the wage differential becomes larger, 21.8%, between male standard and male non-standard workers. For the male workers, the greatest wage differential between standard and non-standard workers is found in unorganized large size establishments: it is 35.9%. In organized establishments, it contracts to 25.8%. The additional estimations on the probability of becoming non-standard workers are done. For the male sample, the probability of standard workers to become non-standard workers in unorganized establishments is 6.0 percentage points higher than that in small size organized establishments. The probability is 20.7 percentage points higher for the female sample. However, the signs of the interaction terms of union and large size establishments are all negative. While the effect of large size establishments reduces the effect of union on the probability to 7.3 percentage points for the males, it reduces the probability to 16.0 percentage points for the females.

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A Normalization Method of Distorted Korean SMS Sentences for Spam Message Filtering (스팸 문자 필터링을 위한 변형된 한글 SMS 문장의 정규화 기법)

  • Kang, Seung-Shik
    • KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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    • v.3 no.7
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    • pp.271-276
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    • 2014

  • Short message service(SMS) in a mobile communication environment is a very convenient method. However, it caused a serious side effect of generating spam messages for advertisement. Those who send spam messages distort or deform SMS sentences to avoid the messages being filtered by automatic filtering system. In order to increase the performance of spam filtering system, we need to recover the distorted sentences into normal sentences. This paper proposes a method of normalizing the various types of distorted sentence and extracting keywords through automatic word spacing and compound noun decomposition.

  • https://doi.org/10.3745/KTSDE.2014.3.7.271 인용 PDF KSCI