• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.116-128
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• 1985

Considering vacancy generation and migration in grain and sink at grain boundary, a mechanistic densification model which is dependent on UO$_2$ temperature and microstructure has been developed. This densification model is a function of time, fission rate, temperature, density, pore size distribution and grain size. The resultant equation derived in this model which is different from Assmann and Stehle's resultant equations for four temperature regions, can be applied directly for all the pellet temperatures. The predictions of the present densification model very well agreed with the experimental data. This model well predicts absolute magnitude and trend in comparison with the empirical algorithm used in KFEDA code.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.1-6
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• 2017

The fire and explosion properties of combustible materials are necessary for the safe handling, storage, transportation and disposal. Typical combustion characteristics for process safety include auto ignition temperature(AIT). The AIT is an important index for the safe handling of combustible liquids. The AIT is the lowest temperature at which the material will spontaneously ignite. In this study, the AITs and ignition delay times of n-pentanol and p-xylene mixture were measured by using ASTM E659 apparatus. The AITs of n-pentanol and p-xylene which constituted binary system were $285^{\circ}C$ and $557^{\circ}C$, respectively. The experimental AITs and ignition delay times of n-pentanol and p-xylene mixture were a good agreement with the calculated AITs and ignition delay times by the proposed equations with a few A.A.D. (average absolute deviation). Therefore, it is possible to estimate the AITs and ignition delay times in other compositions of n-pentanol and p-xylene mixture by using the predictive equations which presented in this study.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.46 no.8
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• pp.79-85
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• 2009

In this paper, an accurate current reference using temperature and process compensation current mirror (TPC-CM) is proposed. The temperature independent reference current is generated by summing a proportional to absolute temperature (PTAT) current and a complementary to absolute temperature (CTAT) current. However, the temperature coefficient and magnitude of the reference current are influenced by the process variation. To calibrate the process variation, the proposed TPC-CM uses two binary weighted current mirrors which control the temperature coefficient and magnitude of the reference current. After the PTAT and CTAT current is measured, the switch codes of the TPC-CM is fixed in order that the magnitude of reference current is independent to temperature. And, the codes are stored in the non-volatile memory. In the simulation, the effect of the process variation is reduced to 0.52% from 19.7% after the calibration using a TPC-CM in chip-by-chip. A current reference chip is fabricated with a 3.3V 0.35um CMOS process. The measured calibrated reference current has 0.42% variation for $20^{\circ}$C${\sim}$100$^{\circ}$C.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2016.02a
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• pp.95-95
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• 2016

반도체 및 디스플레이 공정용 플라즈마 장치에서 플라즈마 변수를 측정하기 위한 방법들이 많이 개발되어 왔다. 전자 밀도와 온도는 정전 탐침이나 컷오프 프로브 등을 사용하여 활성종이나 중성종에 비해 상대적으로 쉽게 측정할 수 있고, 활성종과 중성종은 LIF (Laser Induced Fluorescence) 방법, OES (Optical Emission Spectrometry) 방법, 그리고 QMS (Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry) 방법 등을 이용하여 측정할 수 있으나 절대적인 크기를 측정할 수 있는 경우는 제한적인 것으로 알려져 있다. 이러한 문제를 극복하기 위해 측정한 전자 밀도와 전자 온도를 기반으로 하여 고려되는 종들의 밀도를 계산할 수 있는 프로그램도 제작된 바 있다. 개발된 프로그램의 입력 값으로 사용되는 플라즈마 화학반응 데이터베이스는 계산 결과의 정확성과 밀접한 관계가 있으며, 이런 이유로 신뢰성 높은 데이터베이스를 확보하기 위한 연구도 진행되었다. 개발된 프로그램을 이용하여 계산한 플라즈마 변수의 장비 변수에 대한 의존성이 진단 데이터와도 잘 부합하는 것으로 확인되었다.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.141-145
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• 2002

Benfuresate의 잔류분석을 위해 GC-FPD(S-mode)를 이용하여 분석조건을 설정 중 열적 불안정으로 인해 열분해 산물과 모 화합물이 혼재됨이 확인되었다. 가스크로마토그라프를 이용한 열분해의 주된 요인은 주입구의 온도와 주입구내의 기화 정도인 것으로 판단되었으며, 주입구를 Chauhan과 Debre 가 고안한 on-column으로 교체 후 분석한 결과 분해산물이 없는 단일 봉우리의 크로마토그램을 얻을 수 있었고, 절대량으로 0.6-4ng의 정량 범위 내에서 유의성 높은 검량선을 얻을 수 있는 주입구 온도는 20$0^{\circ}C$였다.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.7-11
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• 1992

최근 인건비의 급격한 상승과 용접 숙련공의 절대부족 현상은 용접에 있어서 자동화를 절실히 요구하게 되었다. 용접 자동화에 가장 많이 이용되고 있는 용접방법으로 크게 아크 용접과 스 폿용접으로 대별할 수 있는데 이는 작동이 간단하고 가격이 저렴하여 대량 생산이 가능하기 때 문이다. 아크용접은 아크를 열원으로 사용하는 용접법으로 아크 온도는 지구상에 존재하는 모든 금속을 용융시키기에 충분하지만 아크의 독특하고 복잡한 성질 때문에 오랫동안 연구가 되어 왔다. 용접자동화, 특히 무인용접 자동화설계를 위해서는 아크의 물리적 현상에 대한 특성해석을 하여야 하며, 후판용접에 주로 이용되는 GMAW에서는 금속이행 현상을 중점 연구함으로써 아크안정성 및 양질의 비이드 현상을 생성 할 수 있다. 따라서 기본적인 아크의 전기적 특성을 알고, 용접 가공시 아크의 온도, Arc force등의 기계적 성질을 이해하는 것이 필요하다.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.224-229
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• 2009

Performance curve of the desiccant rotor is an important information when developing and selecting the desiccant dehumidifier. The effective utilization of the energy is major capacity for the system and the desiccant performance curve is a design ability for a designer. By the rotor supply contract with DRI, ECO-DRY programs would be offered. Moreover, it could make remarkable progress in the desiccant system and energy saving. It is good to introduce the programs with the amicable help of DRI.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.897-906
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• 2002

Standard temperature and absolute humidity weather correlations of Seoul for dynamic energy simulation have been developed regressing the measured data compiled by the Korea Meteorological Adminstration during a 10-year period from 1991 to 2000. The mathematical equations can generate the daily and yearly variations of outdoor weather data with consistency unlike the measured data which may show abnormal behavior, Considering that each hour of the day follows a certain yearly pattern, the correlations are developed for each hour. The derived 24 simple mathematical equations can be used for estimating outdoor temperature and humidity conditions for any arbitrary time of the year.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.184-189
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• 2011

This study measured the AITs of n-butanol + n-decane system from ignition delay time (time lag) by using ASTM E659 apparatus. The AITs of n-butanol and n-decane which constituted binary system were $340^{\circ}C$ and $212^{\circ}C$, respectively. The experimental AITs of n-butanol + n-decane system were a good agreement with the calculated AITs by the proposed equations with a few A.A.D. (average absolute deviation).

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.384-392
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• 1995

Steady-state sublimation vapour pressures of anhydrous bismuth trichloride have been measured by the continuous gravimetric Knudsen effusion method from 370.6 to 488.8 K. Additional effusion measurements have also been made from 438.2 to 495.7 K by the torsion effusion method. Based on a correlation of ${\Delta}_H0298$.15 and ${\Delta}_H0298$.15, a recommended p(T) equation has been obtained for BiCl3(s); log(p/Pa)=－C/(T/K)－2.838log(T/K)－8.097${\times}$10-2(K/T)2＋22.588, where p is in Pa, T in Kelvin and ${\Delta}_H0298$.15 in kJmo1-1 and C=(${\Delta}_H0298$.15＋5.9988)/1.9146${\times}$10-2. Condensation coefficients and their temperature dependence have been derived from the effusion measurements.