• 패션비즈니스
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.61-74
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• 2007

Photographic measurement was first made with the subjects of 190 males in their 20s residing in the Ningbo area, Zhejiang Province in China. In this second report, lower body shapes were classified and discriminated by using indirect measurement, measurement items, and lower body analysis. The following sums up the research: 1. The subjects were $8.85^{\circ}$ (hip breadth angle), $1.58^{\circ}$ (abdomen upper angle), $11.80^{\circ}$ (hip upper angle), and $5.12^{\circ}$ (lateral lower body posture angle). 2. The subjects of Chinese males in their 20s showed three types of lower bodies: Bow Legs & Slight Slant of Lateral Lower Body Type (30.5%)-gap between legs, curve waist-hip contour, average abdomen-hip profile, and lateral lower body posture were slightly slanted forward. Adjacent Straight Legs & Slight Slant of Lateral Lower Body Type (35.8%)-adjacent straight between legs, curve waist-hip contour, slim abdomen-hip profile, and lateral lower body posture were slightly slanted forward. Balance Legs & Large Slant of Lateral Lower Body Type (33.7%)-average between legs, straight waist-hip contour, protruding hip profile, and lateral lower body posture were largely slanted forward. 3. Eight useful variables for the categorization of the subjects' lower body types were chosen through stepwise discriminant analysis, and the hit ratio of discrimination was 97.9%.

• 대한근관절건강학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한근관절건강학회 2001년도 제14회 총회 및 춘계학술대회
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• pp.179-190
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of GEAP on pain, joint function, activities of daily living(ADL) and fatigue in chronic arthritis patients. The GEAP was held twice a week for 6 weeks for chronic arthritis patients at one university hospital in Seoul, Korea. Thirty four subjects completed the program, who were recruited at four times from September, 1999 to September, 2000. The effect of GEAP were evaluated as follows: Pain severity and number of painful joints ADL, fatigue were measured before and after the GEAP. In order to examine the joint flexibility and strengthening, the followings were measured: the extent of the upward arm reach in both sides(flexibility of shoulder), the ability to touch fingertips of the both hands in back pat and rub(flexibility of arm), the degree of range of motion (ROM) of both ankles in their dorsiflexion(flexibility of ankle) and plantarflexion with standing with toe(strengthening of ankle), and the degree of knee extension, and the grip strength. Paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed rank test were used for data analysis and the significance of the differences in the variables was examined to compare the data obtained before and after the GEAP. After the GEAP, followings were found: 1. Pain severity and number of painful joints was significantly decreased. 2. The flexibility of both shoulders and arms, knee, both ankle were significantly improved. 3. The strengthening of both arms was significantly improved, but the strengthening of ankle was not changed. 4. ADL was significantly increased. 5. Fatigue was significantly decreased. In conclusion, GEAP used in this study was clearly proved to be an effective exercise program to reduce pain and fatigue, to enhance joint function and ADL in people with chronic arthritis. It is suggested that the GEAP should be recommended as one of the useful and appropriate nursing interventions for chronic arthritis patients.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.58-75
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• 2007

This study held human measurement for 200 male subjects in their twenties in full age living in Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province in China. Their lower body types were classified and grouped according to shapes and sizes. Consequently, representative body type reflecting shapes, sizes, and characteristics were chosen and presented with their measurement values to be used as the basic data for slacks pattern making and fitness evaluation. The following are the results of the analysis: 1. Homogeneity analysis was given to determine the correspondence relationships among index types, indirect types, and size types. Index Type 1 (H-Round), Indirect Type 2 (Adjacent Straight Legs & Slight Slant of Lateral Lower Body), and Size Type 1 (Medium-Thick) were correlated; Index Type 2 (A-Trapezoid), Indirect Type 1 (Bow Legs & Slight Slant of Lateral Lower Body), and Size Type 3 (Small-Slim) were corresponded; Index Type 3 (A-Balance), Indirect Type 3 (Balance Legs & Large Slant of Lateral Lower Body), and Size Type 2 (Tall-Normal) were mutually related. 2. Mahalanobis distance based on each shape factor (index or indirect) and size factor (absolute) was obtained, while an index-absolute representative body type group (47 people, 24.4%) and an indirect-absolute representative body type group (45 people, 23.7%) were chosen, each reflecting shapes, sizes, and characteristics. 3. The representative body type group of lower body shapes of Chinese males in their 20s had average measurement values, such as 169.15cm (stature), 73.32cm (waist circumference), 75.76cm (omphalion waist circumference), 91.08cm (hip circumference), 106.02cm (outside leg length), 53.96cm (thigh circumference), and 74.42cm (crotch length).

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.124-136
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• 2009

This study was focused on classifying lower-body trunk and revealing the lower-body characteristics of the Chinese males in their 20s through 40s for their slacks pattern design. Compared with the 20s, the subjects in their 30s and 40s had small vertical and big horizontal sizes and showed a somatotype difference through a horizontal change. According to the size of absolute values, the lower body of Chinese men was "tall and normal trunk"(43.9%). Based on the shape of index values, Type 3(40.3%) was representative with average hip-surface length, waist-hip width difference and long upper hip. While Type 3 was seen a lot in the 20s(51.8%), 30s and 40s were each represented by Type 2(47.1%) with the smallest waist-hip width difference, average upper hip, and long hip-surface length and Type 1(45.9%) with small waist-hip width difference, average upper hip, and short hip-surface length. As this study is confined to Ningbo City of Zhejiang Province and has a small number of subjects, the generalization of the findings should be more serious. Further research will be centered on the development of slacks patterns in consideration of the body type changes.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.93-108
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• 2008

This study held physical measurement for male subjects in their 20s living in Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province in China, showing the biggest market in men's clothes. Their representative lower body types with average shapes and sizes were chosen so as to develop men's slacks patterns with better dimension fitness. The following are the results of the analysis: 1. Slacks patterns were made based on the mean measurement values of 5 people, who were closest to the representative body types, from the index*absolute group of 47 people. The dimensions of application for slacks pattern-making were 77cm(omphalion waist circumference), 91cm(hip circumference), and 103cm(slacks length). 2. For the comparison of high-fitness and more-room pattern dimensions, 5 styles of slacks were made: Korean, Chinese, British, Japanese, and industrial. In the dressing fitness tests, industrial patterns had excellent appearance and Japanese ones had the best function. 3. Based on the analysis results of slacks pattern comparison, the target slacks were experimentally made and received superior evaluation points to the compared slacks patterns in two times of evaluation for appearance and function. 4. The final slacks pattern in this research had the following dimensions: front waist circumference: W(1-2cm with room included)/4-1cm, back waist circumference: W/4+1cm, front hip circumference: H(9$\sim$10cm with room included)/4-1cm, back hip circumference: H/4+1cm, crotch length: H/4-1.5cm, hip length: crotch length-H/12, front crotch extension: H/16-1.5cm, back crotch extension: H/8+3cm, knee line: 33cm below crotch line, front tuck amount: 4cm, back dart amount: 2.5cm(center) and 1.5cm(side), and back dart length: 10cm (center) and 6cm(side).

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제36권11호
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• pp.1405-1411
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• 2012

위험지역에서의 작업을 위하여 전세계적으로 원격조작기가 널리 활용되고 있다. 특히 원격 시스템의 경우, 운영되는 환경의 특징상 안정적인 성능이 담보되어야만 하며, 조작기 몸체의 경량화 및 운용환경 외부에서의 유지보수 편리성을 위하여 구동부를 시스템의 기저부에 집중시킬 수 있는 장력구동방식 메커니즘이 주로 활용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 장력구동 방식 원격조작기에 적용하기 위한 그리퍼 탄성 구동부의 설계를 위해 시도된 접근법을 소개하고자 한다. 제시된 그리퍼 시스템은 기본적으로 스프링 메커니즘에 기반을 둔 4 절 링크형 구조를 가지고 있으며 마스터 조작자에 의해 동작되는 슬레이브 조작기의 말단부에 결합되는 구조를 가진다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 조작기의 요구사항에 맞는 그리퍼의 파지력 및 복원력을 재현하기 위하여 그리퍼 상에서의 적정 스프링 결합위치 및 요구강성과 그에 따른 운동학적 영향계수 등을 분석 및 고찰하였다. 최종적으로는 이러한 분석내용들을 바탕으로, 실제 그리퍼 시스템에 적용함으로써 타당성을 검증하였다.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.41-46
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• 2001

최근에 선박이 대형화되는 추세에 힘입어 조선소는 광폭천흘수선, 초대형 원유운반선 및 초대형 컨테이너선 등을 건조하고 있다. 이와 같은 선박은 상대적으로 다른 선박에 비해 강성이 작기 때문에 파랑 중에서 유탄성 운동을 하게 되고, 입사하는 파고가 작은 경우에도 선체의 2절 모드의 진동에 의해 선체의 갑판이 피로 파괴되는 경우가 종종 발생하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 논문에서 전진하는 선박의 유체 압력을 계산하기 위해 적분방정식은 3차원 소오스 분포법을 사용하고, 그린함수는 전진하면서 동요하는 형태를 이용하였다. 방사문제는 선박을 여러 개의 단면으로 나누어 단면간의 간섭효과를 고려하여 heave 및 pitch 강제동요와 관련된 부가질량 및 조파 감쇠계수를 계산하였고, 파강제력은 각 단면에서 선행해에 의한 힘만 고려하였다. 선박의 각 단면의 수직운동은 선박에 대한 운동방정식을 이용하고 강성행렬은 오일러 보 이론에 의해 산정되었다. 계산은 Esso-Osaka 선박을 모델로 도입하여 입사하는 파도의 주파수가 변함에 따른 선박의 각 단면에 대한 운동, 굽힘 모우멘트를 계산하였다.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.87-99
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• 2008

This study aims to classify lower trunk body types of Chinese men in their middle age (30s and 40s) and suggest the standard for them to design slacks pattern. Mollison's relation deviations were used to analyze the direct measurement items in this research compared to those of Size Korea 2004. Though Korean middle-aged men were higher in most items than Chinese counterparts, all items except mid-thigh circumference and side hip length were merely within the range of ${\pm}1\sigma$. According to the results of size classification by absolute values, factor analysis extracted to 2 factors(horizontal size of lower body and vertical size of lower body), and cluster analysis brought about 3 types(type1: tall and thin trunk (36.9%), type 2 : normal height and thick trunk(45.5%), and type 3 : short and normal trunk(17.6%) with some significant differences among them. Also, the results of shape classification by index values, they were extracted 4 factors (waist-hip flatness, waist-hip cross section, vertical waist-groin and hip-surface length) by factor analysis and revealed 3 types(type 1: different waist-hip width, thick, long waist, long upper hip, and short hip-surface length(27.8%), type 2 : different waist-hip width, flat, short upper hip, high hip and groin, and average hip-surface length(29.4%), and type 3: small waist-hip width, thick, average upper hip, and short hip-surface length (42.8%)) with significant differences among them by cluster analysis. The results of standard body types by shape-size combination, 19subjects(10.16%) under these values are regarded as standard body types. Significance was not seen in all items in the t-test results between the total group and the standard group. The latter had lower variation coefficients and smaller individual differences than the former. However, in-depth research is required for generalization since this research is limited to a small number of subjects in Ningbo of Zhejiang.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.59-70
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• 2014

최근 중국정부는 해양경제개발에 초점을 두고 네 개의 해양경제개발시범구를 산동성, 절강성, 광동성, 복건성에 설정하였다. 등소평의 개혁 개방 정책이후 근래 해양경제개발시범구까지 중국의 해양산업정책은 현존정책을 부분적으로 수정 보완하는 연속적 점진적인 변화과정이었으므로, 본 논문은 이러한 정책변화를 잘 설명할 수 있는 이론모형으로 정책학의 점증주의모형(Incremental Model)을 이론적 틀로 하여, 새 중국 해양산업정책인 해양경제개발시범구 정책의 본질, 그 역사적 형성과정, 현재 집행상황, 이전과 다른 새로운 정책특징과 시사점을 발견함과 함께 미래의 점진적 정책변화도 전망 예측해 보았다. 과거 중국 해양산업정책과 차별화되는 새 정책의 주요 특징으로는 1)첨단산업과 과학기술을 포함하는 새로운 발전모형이라는 점, 2)고도의 민주적 참여가 보장된다는 점, 3)정책목표로 해양경제발전뿐 아니라 안보영토, 환경생태, 과학교육 등의 다양한 목표들도 포괄하고 있다는 점이었다. 향후 우리나라는 중국의 해양경제개발시범구 정책 특징에 대한 올바른 이해를 통하여, 최근 이슈화된 해양경제특구 설정관련 정책구상에서 바람직한 교훈을 얻어야 할 것이다.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.37-50
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 다이어트 리얼리티 프로그램 시청행위(단순시청과 사회적 시청)가 시청자의 심리(지각된 현실감, 지각된 동질성, 동일화 갈망)와 시청효과(시청 만족도)에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 2019년에 중국에서 큰 인기를 끌었던 다이어트 리얼리티 프로그램 <오, 좋은 몸매;애아호신재(哎呀好身材)> 시청 경험이 있으며, 다이어트 경험이 있는 여성 시청자들을 대상으로 온라인 설문 조사를 진행하였으며, 201명의 데이터가 최종 분석에 사용되었다. 인구통계학적 질문을 통해 시청자의 나이, 월 소득, 직업, 학력, 신체질량 지수, 그리고 다이어트 경험을 통제변인으로 설정하였고, SPSS 20.0을 사용하였다. 연구 결과, 단순시청과 사회적 시청 모두 시청자의 심리에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나, 단순시청과 사회적 시청이 시청 만족도에 직접적인 영향을 미치지 않는 것을 확인하였다. 마지막으로, 단순시청과 시청 만족도 간의 관계와 사회적 시청과 시청 만족도 간의 관계를 시청자의 심리적 변인의 매개효과를 검증하였다. 이러한 연구 결과는 다이어트 리얼리티 프로그램 시청자의 시청행위로서의 단순시청과 사회적 시청, 그리고 시청자의 심리가 시청 만족도에 미치는 영향을 이해하는 데 함의가 있다.