• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.106.1-106.1
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• 2010

본 연구는 팜 부산물로부터 바이오 에탄올을 생산하는 전처리-당화-발효 공정의 첫 번째 단계인 전처리 공정에서 팜 부산물을 NaOH를 이용하여 효율적으로 전처리하고자 하였다. 암모니아 침지법과 NaOH 침출법을 비교한 결과 팜 부산물에 대해서는 암모니아 침지에 의한 탈리그닌 효과가 적으며 NaOH 전처리가 적합한 방법임을 알 수 있었다. 40-100 mesh 크기의 팜 부산물을 이용하여 반응온도(110, 130, $150^{\circ}C$), 반응시간(20, 40, 60분) 및 NaOH 농도(5%, 11%)의 변화에 따른 팜 부산물의 탈리그닌율과 글루코스 및 자일로스 회수율 간의 상호관계를 확인하였다. $150^{\circ}C$까지의 온도 조건에서 온도에 의한 자일로스의 분해는 일어나지 않는 것으로 확인되었다. 팜 부산물의 탈리그닌율은 시간이 증가할수록 증가하였으며, 높은 NaOH 농도에서 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 글루코스 및 자일로스의 회수율은 높은 농도에서 낮게 나타났으며, 시간이 지날수록 감소하여 손실이 많은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 NaOH 농도가 낮을수록 당 회수율은 높게 나타나지만, 탈리그닌율이 낮아 당화 효율이 떨어지므로 효소 당화 후에 최종 당 회수율이 높은 NaOH 농도 조건을 결정하여야 하겠다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2012.03a
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• pp.61-61
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• 2012

현재 기능성 의류 섬유시장에서도, 요구하는 주요 기능들의 퍼포먼스 수준을 보여주는 과학적 수치들과 함께 기능성 섬유제작 과정에서 얼마나 친환경적인 제조과정을 거쳤는가에 대한 정보들도 요구하고 있는 중이다. 섬유에 인간과 환경에 유해한 성분이 최대한 배제됐으며 생산 과정에서의 자연자원의 낭비가 이뤄지지 않았음을 증명해야한다. CPB 전처리 공정은 혼방직물과 같이 서로 다른 물성을 가지는 직물에 대한 저온 처리로 섬유 손상을 최소화하고, $CO_2$ 발생량 및 에너지 소비량을 감소시킬 수 있는 이점이 있다. CPB 전처리는 호발, 정련, 표백을 포함하는 공정으로 일욕으로 처리 시 패딩, 수세, 와인딩 공정을 단축시키기 때문에 약품 소비량 감소와 에너지 사용 절감 효과가 있어 전 세계적으로 확산되고 있는 Green Technology이다. 본 연구에서는 CPB용 전처리 조제(4~5종)을 일욕화 하여 가공업체 생산성 향상 및 원가절감, 환경유해성 감소를 목표로 하여 CPB 전처리의 최적 가공조건을 확립하는 것이 목표이다. 첨가 용제의 종류 및 첨가량을 변화시켜 각 조성비에 따른 sample을 제조하여 정련성, 호발성, 알칼리 안정성, Whiteness를 측정하여 전처리 성능을 분석하고, 과수안정성, 금속이온 봉쇄력을 비교하여 최적 조성비 및 중합조건을 확립하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2002.05b
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• pp.271-272
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• 2002

하수 또는 폐수의 재이용시 사용되는 역삼투막설비의 전처리공정으로 사용되는 연속식정밀여과기의 전단에 PAC와 같은 응집제를 10ppm 투입하고 역세주기를 20분으로 하여 막오염을 최소화함으로써 재이용 시스템의 안정적인 운전이 가능하였다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.36 no.7
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• pp.492-497
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• 2014

This study investigated removal characteristics of organic matters in pretreatment and reverse osmosis (RO) membrane processes for seawater desalination. Also, the influence of the changes in characteristics of organic matters on the membrane fouling was assessed. The pretreatment processes included dual media filtration (DMF), pressurized membrane filtration (MF), and submerged membrane filtration (SMF). Turbidity, UV absorption at 254 nm, dissolved organic carbon, size exclusion chromatography (SEC), fluorescence excitation emission matrix (FEEM), and transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) in raw and processed waters were analyzed. Ions and minerals were not removed by any pretreatment process tested, but were removed over 99% through the RO membrane process. Hydrophobic organics, which can play major role in organic membrane fouling, were relatively readily removed compared with hydrophilic ones. Membrane based pretreatment such as MF and SMF exhibited better removals of organics than conventional DMF. As the levels of organics in pretreated water decreased, the silt density index (SDI) decreased. MF treated water exhibited the lowest SDI value; this is possibly due to the lowest TEP ($0.1-0.4{\mu}m$) concentrations.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.122-123
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• 2013

각종 전자 제품 및 첨단 산업 장비에 TSP (Touch Screen Panel) 적용이 늘어나고 있다. TSP 표면에 기본적으로 적용되는 지문방지코팅 (Anti Fingerprint coating, AF coating)의 공정 조건 변화가 신뢰성에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지에 대하여 연구하였다. 본 연구에서는 전 코팅 공정에 포함되는 전처리, 중간층 공정의 유무에 따라 특성분석을 진행하였으며 이를 비교 분석하였다. 특성 분석은 최초접촉각과 내마모시험 후 접촉각을 측정하여 비교하였으며, 전처리와 중간층 공정이 모두 포함된 표준 지문방지코팅막이 내마모시험 3000 회를 거친 후에도 접촉각을 유지함으로서 가장 우수함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 TEM (Transmission Electron Microscope) 촬영을 통하여 각 층의 경계면에 결함이 발견되지 않았다. 이는 전처리 공정과 중간층 공정을 통하여 박막의 접합력과 내구성을 향상시켰다고 사료된다. 하지만 공정의 단순화와 TSP의 대형화 추세에 맞춰 새로운 방법의 지문방지코팅 공정개발이라는 과제도 남겼다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.226-232
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• 2013

Several pretreatment processes such as softening, coagulation and precipitation, activated carbon adsorption, ion-exchange and neutralization processes were studied to remove organics and inorganics for selection of the RO based reusing system of metal industry wastewater. The effects of the hydrophobic/hydrophilic fractions of the organics on DOC removal were tested and used to optimize the combination process. Among various pretreatment processes, softening could reduce 93.4% of hardness and could remove all hydrophobic organics from the effluent of metal industry wastewater. Softening followed by coagulation process could reduce DOC (Dissolved Organic Carbon) from 5.1 mg/L to 1.6 mg/L. In addition, as a result of physiochemical pretreatment to raw wastewater of metal industry, neutralization with NaOH showed an efficient removal of iron and TDS (Total Dissolved Solids) without increase in the hardness.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.166-171
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• 2004

In this study, we introduced enzymatic pretreatment method, together with ozone treatment for sludge digestion. We optimized the amount of enzyme and ozone, respectively for the successful sludge pretreatment. As a result, we found that as more enzyme is used, higher sludge hydrolysis efficiency was obtained. When we treated sludge by ozone ranging from 0.01g $O_3$/g SS to 0.04 g $O_3$/g SS without enzyme treatment, 0.04 g $O_3$/g SS showed the highest increase of SCOD. Meanwhile, when protease was used together with the same ozone dosage ranges, 0.03g $O_3$/g SS ozonation resulted in the highest increase of SCOD. The sludge pretreatment was optimized by controlling the amount of enzyme and ozone.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.59 no.1
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• pp.54-59
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• 2021

The pretreatment of cellulosic biomass is essentially needed because it has more lignin compared with a starch biomass. Ethanol as an organosolv for pretreatment can easily separate some components which can inhibit enzymatic hydrolysis and be re-usuable by distillation. The flow-through process have some strength, separating components continuously, development for scale up. In this research, two-kinds (wheat straw, miscanthus) of biomass was pretreated for development of enzymatic hydrolysis by adoption of pretreatment process of corn stover.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.504-508
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• 2008

The objectives of this study were to develope the economical process for bioethanol production from domestic triticale and investigate optimal fermentation conditions such as temperature, time, and enzyme concentration used to pre-treatment process. Triticale mash, containing 148 g of total sugar per 1 L of mash, was fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae CHY1011 at $33^{\circ}C$. Fermentation of mash supplemented with enzyme was completed within 48-60 hours, and the ethanol yield was 410.9 L/tonne of dry base. On the other hand, fermentation of mash without enzyme addition was completed within 36-48 hours, but the ethanol yield was 342.2 L/tonne of dry base. For optimal bioethanol production from triticale, viscosity reduction enzyme was added in the pre-treatment process, and the fermentation rate of triticale was 92.0-94.2%. In addition, the results showed that bioethanol production of triticale by low-temperature pre-treatment would provide higher ethanol production efficiency and lower operating costs.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.303-307
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• 2013

This study compares the efficacy of soaking and percolation pretreatments with alkaline solutions for lignocellulosic biomass. Various biomass such as rice straw and barley were pretreated by soaking processes in various alkaline solutions including sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, aqueous ammonia and sodium carbonate. The enzymatic digestibility of rice straw and barley that had been pretreated by soaking in aqueous ammonia was over 80%. Eucalyptus residue, Larix leptolepis and Pinus rigida exhibited relatively low enzymatic digestibility. Nevertheless, the enzymatic digestibility of pretreated eucalyptus residue was increased by five times compared to that of the initial biomass. And, the enzymatic digestibility of the percolation pretreated eucalyptus residue was increased 12 times.