• Journal of Venture Innovation
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.145-154
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• 2022

This study briefly compares the first-cycle certification of nursing hospitals with the second-cycle certification, reviews the changes and achievements of the second-cycle certification and the third-cycle certification, and examples of challenges and solutions in the process of preparing the third-cycle certification. In this study, it is suggested as follows. First, in order to see the practical effect of certification intended by the government, the exhibition is prepared in a short period of time before certification. Second, after the implementation of the nursing hospital certification system, research on the hospital performance of the medical institution certification system is insufficient in terms of quality and quantity. Therefore, in order to see the effect on the certification system, various research support is also required so that research on this can be actively conducted. Third, design certification standard guidelines from a long-term perspective so that the standard guidelines for certification do not change significantly, and certify not only the guidelines but also individual standards and forms that can be used by medical institutions. Fourth, in the four-cycle certification, accurate and realistic guidelines for infection control and quarantine ward operation support should be developed. The importance of managing infectious diseases will be highlighted in the future due to COVID-19. Fifth, medical institutions can improve the quality of medical care in nursing hospitals and have competitiveness if their daily activities, not short-term certification preparation, are carried out in accordance with certification standards, which affects performance. Sixth, when preparing for certification, nursing hospital officials have problems in organizing documents or processing administratively in the short term as in the past. This is also based on the certification criteria for the usual business process.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.318-326
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• 2023

The floristic target species (FTS) has been widely used as a important tool for environmental assessment in Korea. Here the floristic district is a key criterion for the selection and evaluation of FTS. The aim of this study is to clarify the intellectual meaning of the floristic district i.e. a sort of phytogeographical subunit. We reviewed 7 main literatures related to the floristic district. Nakai's 1919 Ulleungdo flora survey report was first to mention a region and/or province in terms of general geographical divisions. In 1977, the floristic district map of the Korea vascular plants was first described by Oh. In 1978, Lee & Yim proposed a new floristic district map dividing the central and southern regions, and the district boundaries have been adjusted by many other researchers. In the end, the floristic district map modified slightly from Lee & Yim's map was nationally recognized in 2018. However, the boundaries of floristic districts were inconsistent, both in their setting and adjustment, as well as the indicator species of the district. No basis for this inconsistency could be confirmed. We concluded that all district maps depend on arbitrary lines drawn a priori, and finally proposed the following two ecological strategies to ensure the effectiveness and practicality of the FTS as a scientific means for environmental impact assessment and national flora evaluation: (i) designing to achieve the flora list and the floristic district based on nativeness of plant distribution, (ii) constructing a habitat-based floral monitoring system.

• Archives of design research
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• v.20 no.3 s.71
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• pp.151-162
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• 2007

How can new media devices and networks provide an effective response to the world's growing sector of cultural and historically-minded travelers? This study emerged from the question of how mobile handsets can change the nature of cultural and historical tourism in ubiquitous city environments. As wireless network and mobile IT have rapidly developed, it becomes possible to deliver cultural and historical information on the site through mobile handset as a tour guidance system. The paper describes the development of a new type of mobile tourism platform for site-specific cultural and historical information. The central objective of the project was to organize this cultural and historical walking tour around the mobile handset and its unique advantages (i.e. portability, multi-media capacity, access to wireless internet, and location-awareness potential) and then integrate the tour with a historical story and role-playing game that would deepen the mobile user's interest in the sites being visited, and enhance his or her overall experience of the area. The project was based on twelve locations that were culturally and historically significant to Korean War era in Busan. After the mobile tour game prototype was developed for this route, it was evaluated at the 10th PIFF (Pusan International Film Festival). After use test, some new strategies for developing mobile "edutainment content" to deliver cultural historical contents of the location were discussed. Combining 'edutainment' with a cultural and historical mobile walking tour brings a new dimension to existing approaches of the tourism and mobile content industry.

• Archives of design research
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• v.20 no.1 s.69
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• pp.5-20
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• 2007

The aim of this research is to find out the flows of mega-trends and design trends by analyzing the factors that influence trend and design trends in the late 20th century. Moreover, it is to forecast and recommend design color trends by evaluating color trends in design trends for the near future. Secondary and primary research were used in parallel. In the late 20th century, mega-trends were analyzed from secondary research based on PEST. Design trends were analyzed from case studies in fashion, space, product and visual design. On this basis, design color trends were analyzed. Also, color trends were forecast for the near future. The results are as follows. Firstly, the main trends in the late 20th century were 'female thinking', 'back to the nature' and 'heaven of peace'. Second, main design trends in the 1970s were modernism, post-modernism and high-tech. In the 1980s, with those of the 1970s, ecology was introduced In the late 1980s. In the 1990s, modernism rose again and ecology had an influence. The trends of 'female thinking' and 'back to the nature' controled the design in the early 2000s. Third, design colors in the late 20th century changed from Red to Purple Blue. Tones changed from 'grayish' to 'dull' Finally, it was forecast that Purple Blue, Yellow Red and Green colors with 'grayish', 'dull' and 'deep' tones were going to be used mainly in the near future. Also, achromatic colors with female and warm nuances would be reflected in design parts. This research will be very useful in that it has built a concrete database reflected on design trends forecasting in the near future by organizing academically a methodology to identify trends reflected on design and identifying relation between mega-trends and design trends based on analyzing factors that influence trend.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.279-292
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• 2018

Unlike the global art market which experienced rapid recovery from the impacts of the Global Financial Crisis in 2008, the Korean art market has not yet fully recovered. The gallery-oriented distribution system, vulnerable primary art market functions, and the market structure centered on a small number of collectors make it difficult for young and medium artists to enter the market and, as a result, deepen the economic polarization of artists. In addition, the high price of art works limits market participation by restricting the general public. This study began with the idea that the interest of the public in the art market as well as their participation in the market are urgent. To this end, we noted that public awareness of art transactions can be a starting point for improving the constitution of the fragile art market, focusing on the 'Artist-centered Art Fair' rather than existing art fairs. To examine the contribution of such an art fair to the popularization of the art market, we analyzed the case of the 'Visual Artist Market (VAM)' project of the Korea Arts Management Service. Results found that the 'Artist-centered Art Fair' focuses on providing opportunities for market entry to young and medium artists rather than on the interests of distributors, and promotes the popularization of the art market by promoting low-priced works to the general public. Also, the 'Artist-centered Art Fair' seems to play a primary role in the public sector to foster solid groups of artists as well as to establish healty distribution networks of Korean Art market. However, in the long run, it is necessary to promote sustainable development of the 'Artist-centered Art Fair' through indirect support, such as the provision of a publicity platform or consumer finance support, rather than direct support.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.105-110
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• 1984

Seven seed samples of corn obtained from Kangweon Provincial Office of Rural Development, Kerea were tested for seed-borne fungi, and found that all the samples tested were infected with Fusarium moniliforme to an extent of $6.0{\sim}79.5%$. Severely infected seed samples showed poor germination on blotter. Seed component plating showed that the fungus present not only in tip caps, pericarps and endosperms, but also in embryos. Heavy infection of the fungus caused severe seed rot and seedling blight in soil, but the damage was not severe and many plants grew without any symptoms when the seeds with light infection were sown in soil. However the fungus was frequently detected from inside of the stems of healthy looking seedlings. The results indicate that the fungus transmit from seed to plant systemically. In inoculation experiments, the fungus produced stem rots on corn plants of 110 days old. The cultivar of Hwangok 3 was revealed more susceptible to the fungus than that of Suweon 19.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.59-104
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• 2023

This essay attempts to analyze the public health welfare conception within the text of the Beveridge Report and its realization via the NHS in Great Britain. Once referring to the influence of the Report to create the foundations of the 20th-century welfare system, the quest to scrutinize the original intentions of the Report and its succession to the NHS is certainly intriguing. Furthermore, when regarding the significance of public health policy for a modern state, the effort to engage in Beveridge's conception and its realization is more than timely. In light of such a premise, this paper indulges in its study by the following methods. First, the historical background of the Report - namely, the role of the spirit of the age and the experience of the Emergency Medical Service are to be analyzed to identify the origins of the welfare policies proposed by Beveridge. Furthermore, the public health welfare conception of the Report conceived from its time is reflected upon by engaging on the goal towards social welfare and public health scheme. Lastly, the aims of the NHS and its management, treatment classification, and rehabilitation program are reviewed for comparative analysis with the Report to survey the realization of Beveridge's design. In this process, this paper not only takes into account the original text of the Report - but also other essential works of law and public policy, including the NHS Constitution for England and the National Health Service Act of 1946. The intentions of this study are not bound by merely coinciding with the Report, but resonate significance via reflecting upon the Beveridgian legacy on the modern welfare state from the current perspective. The structured analysis to research the aims and policies of the Report and to compare them to the reality of the NHS may provide an opportunity to confirm the realization of Beveridge's scheme in British society. In addition, this essay is part of an academic endeavor to critically assess the past and the present of the welfare institution in the public health sector. As such, it is hopeful that the essay sheds light on further studies concerning the constructive remedies of the Korean welfare system as well.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.37
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• pp.371-405
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• 2004

International circulation of cultural assets involves numerous countries thereby making an approach based on international law essential to resolving this problem. Since the end of the $2^{nd}$ World War, as the value of cultural assets evolved from material value to moral and ethical values, with emphasis on establishing national identities, newly independent nations and former colonial states took issue with ownership of cultural assets which led to the need for international cooperation and statutory provisions for the return of cultural assets. UNESCO's 1954 "Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict" as preparatory measures for the protection of cultural assets, the 1970 "Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property" to regulate transfer of cultural assets, and the 1995 "Unidroit Convention on Stolen or Illegally Exported Cultural Objects" which required the return of illegally acquired cultural property are examples of international agreements established on illegal transfers of cultural assets. In addition, the UN agency UNESCO established the Division of Cultural Heritage to oversee cultural assets related matters, and the UN since its 1973 resolution 3187, has continued to demonstrate interest in protection of cultural assets. The resolution 3187 affirms the return of cultural assets to the country of origin, advises on preventing illegal transfers of works of art and cultural assets, advises cataloguing cultural assets within the respective countries and, conclusively, recommends becoming a member of UNESCO, composing a forum for international cooperation. Differences in defining cultural assets pose a limitation on international agreements. While the 1954 Convention states that cultural assets are not limited to movable property and includes immovable property, the 1970 Convention's objective of 'Prohibiting and preventing the illicit import, export and transfer of ownership of cultural property' effectively limits the subject to tangible movable cultural property. The 1995 Convention also has tangible movable cultural property as its subject. On this point, the two conventions demonstrate distinction from the 1954 Convention and the 1972 Convention that focuses on immovable cultural property and natural property. The disparity in defining cultural property is due to the object and purpose of the convention and does not reflect an inherent divergence. In the case of Korea, beginning with the 1866 French invasion, 36 years of Japanese colonial rule, military rule and period of economic development caused outflow of numerous cultural assets to foreign countries. Of course, it is neither possible nor necessary to have all of these cultural properties returned, but among those that have significant value in establishing cultural and historical identity or those that have been taken symbolically as a demonstration of occupational rule can cause issues in their return. In these cases, the 1954 Convention and the ratification of the first legislation must be actively considered. In the return of cultural property, if the illicit acquisition is the core issue, it is a simple matter of following the international accords, while if it rises to the level of diplomatic discussions, it will become a political issue. In that case, the country requesting the return must convince the counterpart country. Realizing a response to the earnest need for preventing illicit trading of cultural assets will require extensive national and civic societal efforts in the East Asian area to overcome its current deficiencies. The most effective way to prevent illicit trading of cultural property is rapid circulation of information between Interpol member countries, which will require development of an internet based communication system as well as more effective deployment of legislation to prevent trading of illicitly acquired cultural property, subscription to international conventions and cataloguing collections.