• Title/Summary/Keyword: 전기저항가열

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Fault Diagnosis Device for Fire Prevention of the Resistance Heating Type three-Phase Electric Heater (3상 저항가열식 전기히터의 화재예방을 위한 결함 진단장치)

  • Lee, Mun-Hyung;Kim, Chan-O
    • The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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    • v.66 no.11
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    • pp.1669-1674
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    • 2017
  • In this study, We have discussed the development of a diagnostic device to detect and prevent electrical fire due to the arc caused by contact failure and partial disconnection at the connection part of the three-phase electric heater wiring used in the industrial field. The arc caused by contact failure and partial disconnection at the connection part of the electric heater shows a change in the current effective value. Therefore, it is possible to determine whether there exists a defect by analyzing the current unbalance factor and the number of current fluctuations with the diagnostic apparatus. The three-phase unbalanced heater is considered to be capable of determining defects through periodic measurement and trend analysis of the current unbalance factor. It is also expected that this device can be used not only for electric heaters but also for detection of defects in wiring and connections of electrical equipment having a characteristic of constant load current.

A study of thermoelectric Heat Pump device (열전소자를 이용한 히트펌푸에 관한 연구)

  • 박창엽
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.6-12
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    • 1968
  • Experiments have been made on alloys to determine the practicability of using the Peltier effect in a thermoelectric devices. The cooling and heating results of thermoelectrie material coposed of n and p type BiTe are used, whose properties are; , , , , and K: thermal conductivity. The temperature of the cold part has been measured in veccum with respect to the temperature of the hot part. The experiment result agreed fairly with expectation such as was 42 degree C.

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Process Analysis sublimation deposition apparatus - sputtering using inductively coupled plasma (유도 결합 플라즈마를 이용한 스퍼터-승화 증착 시스템의 공정 분석)

  • Yu, Yeong-Gun;Choe, Ji-Seong;Ju, Jeong-Hun
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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    • 2013.05a
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    • pp.171-172
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    • 2013
  • 종래의 흑연 위주 연료전지 분리판 개발되어 최근 고분자 전해질 막 연료전지가 높은 전력, 낮은 배기 가스 배출, 낮은 작동 온도로 자동차 산업에서 상당한 주목을 받고 있다. 요구사항은 높은 전기 전도도, 높은 내식성, 낮은 가스 투과성, 낮은 무게, 쉬운 가공, 낮은 제조비용이다. Thin film Cr 장비로 저항가열 furnace, sputter 등이 사용된다. 연료전지 분리판의 고전도도, 내부식성 보호막의 고속 증착을 위한 새로운 증착원으로 스퍼터 - 승화형 소스의 가능성을 유도 결합 플라즈마에 금속 봉을 직류 바이어스 함으로써 시도하였다. 유도 결합 플라즈마를 이용하여 승화증착 시스템을 사용하여 OES(SQ-2000)와 QMS (CPM-300)를 사용하여 $N_2$ flow에 따른 유도 결합 플라즈마를 이용한 스퍼터-승화 증착 시스템을 사용하여도 균일한 공정을 하는 것을 확인 하였다.

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Fabrication of Transparent Conducting Films of $In_2O_3$ by Vacuum Deposition (진공증착법에 의한 $In_2O_3$ 투명전도막의 제작)

  • 이기선
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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    • v.17 no.5
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    • pp.43-47
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    • 1980
  • Transparent conducting films of In2O3 were fabricated by elect yon beam evaporation method in an oxygen atmosphere of -10-4 Torr., and the optimum conditions of film deposition, as well as their electrical and optical properties were measured and analysed. Evaporation rate of 3~7A/sec, substrate temperature of over 30$0^{\circ}C$, and SnO2 doping of 2~5wt. % were the optimum deposition conditions. Under these conditions , the resistivities of the films were 2$\times$10-4 $\Omega$.cm and the visible transmittances were 85~90%.

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The Effects of Al-doped ZnO Thin Films Deposited as a function of the Plasma Process Parameters with Hydrogen Gas by Facing Target Sputtering System (대향타겟식 스퍼터를 이용한 AZO 박막의 플라즈마 변수와 수소 가스 유량에 따른 효과)

  • Sim, Byeong-Cheol;Kim, Seong-Il;Choe, Yun-Seok;Choe, In-Sik;Han, Jeon-Geon
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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    • 2012.05a
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    • pp.145-146
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    • 2012
  • Al이 2wt% 첨가된 AZO(Al-doped ZnO) 타겟을 기판을 가열한 대향 타겟 마그네트론 스퍼터링법을 이용하여 수소 유량에 따라 유리기판 위에 AZO 박막을 증착하였다. 수소 유량에 따른 AZO 박막내의 carrier concentration와 mobility의 변화를 확인하였으며 박막내 crystallinity와 grain size의 변화를 확인하였다. 증착된 AZO 박막 특성의 구조적, 전기적, 광학적 변화조사하고 비저항 및 광투과도 등을 분석하여 투명전극용으로 적합한지 연구하였다.

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Property Variation of Diamond-like Carbon Thin Film According to the Annealing Temperature (열처리에 따른 Diamond-like Carbon (DLC) 박막의 특성변화)

  • Park, Ch.S.;Koo, K.H.;Park, H.H.
    • Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.49-53
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    • 2011
  • Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films is a metastable form of amorphous carbon containing a significant fraction of Sp3 bond. DLC films have been characterized by a range of attractive mechanical, chemical, tribological, as well as optical and electrical properties. In this study DLC films were prepared by the RF magnetron sputter system on $SiO_2$ substrates using graphite target. The effects of the post annealing temperature on the Property variation of the DLC films were examined. The DLC films were annealed at temperatures ranging from 300 to $500^{\circ}C$ using rapid thermal process equipment in vacuum. The variation of electrical property and surface morphology as a function of annealing treatment was investigated by using a Hall Effect measurement and atomic force microscopy. Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses revealed a structural change in the DLC films.

Characteristics of Electric Resistance Dual Spot Welding Process of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy Sheets (AZ31 마그네슘 합금 판재의 전기저항 이중 스폿용접 특성)

  • Sun, Xiao-Guang;Jin, In-Tai
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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    • v.21 no.3
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    • pp.1-11
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    • 2022
  • In this study, an electric resistance dual-spot welding process using a copper electrode inserted in a heating electrode is suggested for the spot welding of AZ31 magnesium sheets. This spot-welding process involves two heating methods for welding at the interfacial zone between the magnesium sheets, one of which is the heating method by thermal conduction from the heating electrode heated by the welding current induced to the steel electrode, and the other heating method uses the electric resistance between the contacted surfaces of the two sheets by the welding current induced to the copper electrode. This welding process includes the welding variables, such as the current induced in the heating electrode and the copper electrode, and the outer diameters of the heating electrode. This is because the heat conducted from the heating electrode can be maintained at a higher temperature in the welding zone, which has a slow cooling effect on the nugget of the melted metal after the welding step. The pressure exerted during the pressing of the magnesium sheets by the heating electrode can be increased around the nugget zone at the spot-welding zone. Thus, it not only reduces the warping effect of the elastoplastic deformation of sheets, but also the corona bond can make it less prone to cracking at the welded zone, thereby reducing the number of nuggets expelled out of the corona bond. In conclusion, it was known that an electric resistance dual spot welding process using the copper electrode inserted in the heating electrode can improve the welding properties in the electric resistance spot welding process of AZ31 magnesium sheets.

Electric Resistance Heated Friction Stir Spot Welding of Overlapped Al5052 Alloy Sheets (중첩된 알루미늄 5052 합금판재의 전기저항가열 마찰교반점용접에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, T.H.;Jang, M.S.;Jin, I.T.
    • Transactions of Materials Processing
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.256-263
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    • 2015
  • Electric resistance spot welding has been used to join overlapped steel sheets in automotive bodies. Recently to reduce weight in automotive vehicles, non-ferrous metals are being used or considered in car bodies for hoods, trunk lids, doors parts, etc. Various welding processes such as laser welding, self-piercing rivet, friction stir welding are being used. In the current study, a new electric resistance heated friction stir spot welding is suggested for the spot welding of non-ferrous metals. The welding method can be characterized by three uses of heat -- electric resistance heating, friction stir heating and conduction heating of steel electrodes -- for the fusion joining at the interfacial zone between the two sheets. The welding process has variables such as welding current, diameter of the steel electrodes, revolutions per minute (rpm) of the friction stir pin, and the insert depth of the stir pin. In order to obtain the optimal welding variables, which provide the best welding strength, many experiments were conducted. From the experiments, it was found that the welding strength could be reached to the required production value by using an electrode diameter of 10mm, a current of 7.6kA, a stirring speed of 400rpm, and an insert depth of 0.8mm for the electric resistance heated friction stir spot welding of 5052 aluminum 1.5mm sheets.

질소유량 변화와 고온 열처리에 의한 HfN 박막의 Nano-electrotribology 특성 연구

  • Park, Myeong-Jun;Kim, Seong-Jun;Kim, Su-In;Lee, Chang-U
    • Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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    • 2014.02a
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    • pp.354.1-354.1
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    • 2014
  • Hafnium nitride (HfN) 박막은 고온에서의 안정성과 낮은 비저항 그리고 산소확산에 대한 억제력을 가지고 있기 때문에 확산방지막으로 많은 연구가 진행 되고 있다. 현재까지 진행된 대부분의 연구는 HfN 박막의 전기적인 특성과 구조적인 특성에 대한 것이었고 다양한 연구 결과가 보고되었다. 하지만 기존의 연구들은 박막의 nano-electrotribology 특성에 대한 연구가 부족하여 박막 적층 공정시 요구되는 물성에 대한 연구가 절실하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 HfN 박막의 증착조건 및 열처리조건에 따른 nano-electrotribology 특성 변화를 확인하고자 하였다. HfN박막은 rf magnetron sputter를 이용하여 Si 기판위에 Hf target으로 질소 유량을 변화시키며 증착하였고 가열로에서 $600^{\circ}C$$800^{\circ}C$로 20분간 열처리를 실시하였다. 열처리한 박막과 as-deposited 상태의 박막을 nano-indenter를 통하여 나노기계 전기적인 특성을 분석하였다. nano-indenter는 박막에 인가된 stress와 탄성계수(elastic modulus), 표면경도(surface hardness)와 같은 특성을 직접적인 tip 접촉을 통하여 in-situ로 분석할 수 있는 장비이다. 실험결과 HfN박막을 $600^{\circ}C$로 열처리 한 경우 표면경도가 16.20에서 18.59 GPa로 증가하였다. 표면경도의 증가는 열처리 시 박막내에 compressive stress가 생성되었기 때문이라고 생각된다. 그러나 $800^{\circ}C$로 열처리 한 경우 표면경도가 16.93 GPa로 감소하였는데 이는 표면균열 발생으로 인한 stress relaxation 때문인 것으로 생각된다. 증착 시 주입되는 질소의 유량과 열처리 온도는 HfN박막의 기계적 안정성에 영향을 미치는 중요한 요소임을 본 실험을 통해 확인하였다.

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A Study of the Weld Strength of Extru-Rivet Spot Welding Using Electrodes Heated by Electric Resistance (전기저항가열 압출점접합공정에 있어서 접합강도에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, S.J.;Jin, I.T.
    • Transactions of Materials Processing
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.189-195
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    • 2013
  • In this study, the weld strength of extru-rivet spot welding was investigated by simulation and experiment. In order to obtain hot plasticity flow bonding of the two plates by a single rivet, electrodes are used for heating of the two plates and the rivet by electric resistance. Because weld strength is influenced by the temperature in the weld zone, the diameter of the electrodes and the amount of current supplied to the electrodes are important variables. For the simulation, heat distribution and weld strength were calculated using DEFORM-3D. The weld strength in the weld zone was calculated for various values of the experimental parameters. The simulation results showed that the weld strength was the highest when the weld current was 37kA, the electrode diameter was 12mm, and the welding frequency was 90cycle. Aluminum 5052 was used for the experimental study. A total of three aluminum plates, two welding plates with 1mm thickness and one plate with 2mm thickness for the inserting rivet, were used for the experimental extru-rivet spot welding.