• Title/Summary/Keyword: 저출산 문제

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싱가폴을 통해서 본 저출산 문제 살펴보기

  • 대한가족보건복지협회
    • 가정의 벗
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    • v.37 no.10 s.434
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    • pp.30-31
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    • 2004
  • 저출산 문제는 일본, 한국, 홍콩, 유럽 등 모든 선진국에서 매우 심각하고 심지어 가톨릭 국가인 이태리나 스페인에서도 매우 심각하다. 미국은 이민을 많이 받아들이고 있어 유일하게 예외적이다. 싱가폴에서도 저출산은 매우 심각한 국가문제로 결혼, 자녀, 육아, 직장에서 행복한 가정생활에 필요한 여건과 제도 마련을 위해 노력하고 있다.

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Think about Having Children : A Study on Childbirth and Parenting (자녀 출산과 양육에 대한 고찰)

  • Lee, Jeung Gwan
    • Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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    • v.65
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    • pp.55-80
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    • 2021
  • This study attempted to find a Christian religious alternative to the seriousness of the problem of low birth rate which has become a national and social problem, and its alternative. Korea is a low birth rate country. The phenomenon of low birth rate and childbirth avoidance is a reality that not only are national problems but also Korean churches are experiencing serious problems, and will continue to affect them. It will affect the church in four major ways. First, is a sharp decline in the number of members. Second, is the decline of Sunday schools. Third, various family problems and generational conflicts will arise. And it brings problems such as a crisis of faith among members. Young people living today have an unconventional attitude toward marriage, childbirth, and parenting. But for Christians, childbirth is a way of living in that God blessed us to "be fruitful, multiply, and fill the earth." In other words, childbirth must be recognized as a blessing from God, not a human decision. Therefore, we must know how precious the fetus is in front of God and that it is a precious life. Thus, we should be interested in how to nurture the life God has given. To do so the church's role is education is to shape the value of life from a biblical perspective. Therefore the church needs to see how the Christian faith of young and married couples who are about to marry, give birth, and raise children, affects the childbirth and rearing of children. And it is necessary to study what the role of church and Christian education is to solve the problem of low birth rate and to suggest alternatives. For this study, we will first identify the factors of low birth rate. Then we will confirm childbirth and the blessing of God through the Bible. Finally, the role of the church in low birth rate and educational alternatives will be presented.

Evolutionary Approaches to Low Fertility in Modern Societies (현대 사회의 저출산에 대한 진화적 분석)

  • Joonghwan Jeon
    • Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.97-110
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    • 2012
  • The sharp decline of fertility in industrialized countries since the 19th century constitutes a major problem for evolutionary approaches to human behavior. Why would people voluntarily reduce their total number of offspring, despite the fact that resources are so abundant in modern times? Here I review three evolutionary hypotheses for low fertility in modern societies, and discuss how the evolutionary perspective could shed new light on solving the problem of low fertility in Korea. Low fertility may be 1) a maladaptive outcome from the mismatch between our ancestral environments and evolutionarily novel environments, 2) a consequence of gene-culture coevolution where traits that reduce genetic fitness can still spread through a population as a result of imitation, especially if the traits are expressed by high-status people, or 3) an adaptation that maximize parents' long-term genetic fitness in knowledge-based industrialized societies where high parental investment is required for rearing competitive offspring. Based on these considerations, I suggest how the evolutionary explanations of low fertility can be applied to increasing the birth rate in Korea.

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Role of Home Economics Education in a Low Fertility Society by Community Involvement, Public Policy Participation, and Advocacy (저출산 사회에서 지역사회연계와 정책참여를 통한 가정과교육의 역할)

  • Lee, Gyeong-Suk
    • Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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    • v.24 no.1
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    • pp.73-84
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    • 2012
  • The purpose of this study was to explore the role of home economics education in a low fertility society in the contexts of curriculum contents, community involvement, public policy participation, and advocacy. The results showed following. First, home economics is a key subject matter in dealing with a low fertility problem among 2007 revised curriculum for secondary education level. Home economics curriculum contents was systematically organized through 8th grade to 10th grade in 4 units, where as curricula contents of social studies, science, and moral education deal with a low fertility problem in partial. Second, it is proposed to be active in community involvement incorporating with secondary education, college education, and lifelong education by service learning, outreach program, and extension program. Third, public policy and advocacy participation of home economics teachers are crucial for transformative leadership and practice in enhancing the condition of individual, family, and community wellbeing such as a low fertility problem. To perform this role of home economics education, home economics teachers should participate in developing curricula and teaching materials for the extra curricula activity, creative experiencing activity, and service learning activity. Home economics teacher educators also should actively involved in outreach program and extension program as well as in public policy advocacy activity for solving a low fertility problem.

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Resolved Factors to Low Fertility in France (프랑스의 저출산 문제 해소 요인)

  • Yi, Moun-Souk
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.558-567
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    • 2016
  • In the case of France which was successful in improving the ultra-low fertility rates of birth and South Korea, from the late 1980s, the birth rate fell continuously. In 1994, total fertility rate fell 1.66, but thanks to the active family policy of the government in the mid 1990s, it grew and maintained 2.0 average since the year 2008 until now. This study examined carefully how France was not classified as advanced welfare state, overcame the obstacles of low fertility problem in the socio-economic and institutional side and trying to get some suggestions from South Korea in which it of such problems in the field of low fertility.

An Exploratory Study on the Relationships among the Future Work-Family Compatibility, Gender Attitude of Couples, and Reasons for Low Birth Rate (미혼 남녀의 향후 일.가정 양립 방안, 부부 성역할 태도, 저출산 문제에 대한 견해 간 관계 탐색 연구)

  • Um, Myung-Yong;Kim, Hyo-Soon
    • Korea journal of population studies
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    • v.34 no.3
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    • pp.179-209
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    • 2011
  • This study explored the relationships among such variables as work-family compatibility, gender attitude, reasons for low birth rate, and education level, using a sample of 2,678 from the '2009 National Survey for Marriage and Birth Trend'. The purpose of this study was to identify the ideas about how to support married couples' work-family balance, and how to change gender attitude to promote childbirth. The results are as follows. The type of ideal work-family balance was different by education level, but not by gender. Low level of education was associated with choice of the full time work without a child. Male singles, compared to female singles, preferred the role of a man as a bread winner, and a woman as a house worker. Female singles had the higher level of hope for husband's capability of caring children. This trend was intensified by choice of the full time work with 2 children. Singles who prefer working as a full time worker with 2 children worried more about low birth rate in Korea than singles who prefer working as a part time worker with one or two children. The most frequently cited reason for low birth rate was 'high cost of both child care and education'. The next was 'difficulty in buying a residence, followed by 'increase in the number of career woman'. Female singles who want to work full time with 2 or more children worried more about the burden of child caring and education than male singles. Implications and suggestions were provided based on the results.

우리나라는 저출산함정에 빠진 것인가? - 저출산함정 가설의 검증과 함의 -

  • Eom, Dong-Uk
    • Korea journal of population studies
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    • v.32 no.2
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    • pp.141-159
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    • 2009
  • 우리나라는 2002년 초저출산 사회(합계출산율 1.3명 이하)로 진입한 후 합계출산율이 평균 1.2 이하인 상황이 지속되고 있다. 이러한 초저출산 상황이 향후 지속된다면 인구고령화의 사회 경제적 여파가 예상보다 클 것으로 전망된다. 과연 이런 초저출산 추세가 일시적인 것인지 아니면 앞으로 계속 지속될 것인지에 대한 검토가 필요하다. 이에 본 연구는 최근 저출산함정 가설(low fertility trap hypothesis)을 제기한 Lutz, Skirbekk and Testa(2006)의 논의를 소개한다. 그들은 크게 인구학적, 사회적, 그리고 경제적 요인과 같이 3가지 요인으로 구분하여 저출산함정의 존재 가능성을 논하고 있다. 그렇다면 과연 우리나라는 저출산함정에 빠져 있는가? 먼저 고령화 가설의 경우 출생아수와 고령화간 부(-)의 관계가 나타나고 있으며, 최근 이상자녀수가 2.2~2.3명이지만, 실제자녀수는 그 수준을 하회하고 있어 이상자녀수가설도 지지된다. 상대소득가설의 경우, 류덕현(2007)의 연구결과에 따르면 연령 계층 간 상대소득이 출산율에 정(+)의 효과를 보여 상대소득가설이 지지되는 것으로 나타났다. 물론 제한된 영역에서 완벽한 검증이 이루어진 것은 아니지만, 적어도 출산율이 대체수준까지 회복되기에는 어려운 상황이라는 점을 발견할 수 있었으며, 이는 우리나라의 저출산 문제가 얼마나 심각한 수준인지를 재확인시켜준다.

Exploring the causes and overcoming of low fertility in terms of family culture and value education (가족문화와 가치관 교육의 관점에서 본 저출산의 원인 및 극복 방안 탐색)

  • Jeon, Se Kyung
    • Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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    • v.29 no.4
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    • pp.85-100
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    • 2017
  • The purpose of this study is to raise the importance of 'family culture and values' in the process of diagnosing and discussing the causes and measures of low fertility in Korean society. In addition, I sought to find the causes of over - fertilization and ways to cope with it in terms of educational approach to establishing family culture and values. Specifically, this study firstly reviews the causes of low fertility in Korea by examining the evaluation of low fertility policies, secondly, examines the actual conditions and changes in family culture and values related to low fertility, and third, In this paper, I examined the validity of educational intervention, the actual state of intervention, the contents of education in institutional education, the necessity and effect of education, the composition of educational content, and possible policies and arguments based on educational approach. The issue of low birth rate is a national social problem facing the Korean society in the modern age. Considering its causes and countermeasures at the same time, it is necessary to pay attention to the factors of family culture and values as well as economic factors. To further emphasize the educational approach to gender equality and family-friendly family culture and values.

모두가 함께 풀어야 하는 우리나라 인구 문제

  • 대한가족보건복지협회
    • 가정의 벗
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    • v.37 no.7 s.431
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    • pp.6-7
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    • 2004
  • 최근 우리는 저출산과 고령화사회에 살고 있다. 출산$\cdot$육아$\cdot$고용 등 전반적인 환경을 개선하는 등의 정책적인 대안으로 문제를 해결해야 할 것이다.

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Work-Family Balance Policies Responding to Low Fertility (저출산 대응을 위한 일-가정 양립지원정책)

  • Gyesook Yoo
    • Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.111-125
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    • 2012
  • The total fertility rate of our nation has been in the world's lowest level with constant falling since it reached an all-time low in 1983. The increase in economic participation of women, difficulties to balance work and family life, and traditional gender role and family norms in our society have been blamed for causing low birth rates. In addition, the current economic recession and increased polarization of wealth make it more difficult for working families to balance work and family life, resulting in lowering fertility rates. The Korean government has recently prepared the second five-year basic plan(2011-2015) to deal with low fertility and population ageing. The basic plan aims at providing support for working families in balancing work and family life and helping people ease the burden of marriage, childbirth, and raising their children. The work-family balance policies based on gender equality will do much to increase fertility rates in the future. In this context, this study examined current status and problems of balancing work and family life in our society, the Korean government and corporate policies for work-family balance, and the effects of policies on childbirth. Suggestions for future directions are presented.

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