• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.518-523
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• 2024

The explosive increase in demand for drones poses a major threat to the safety of existing aircraft operations and important national facilities operating in low-altitude airspace. In order to determine the type and degree of safety threats for low-altitude airspace drones, the types and types of threats from drones are evaluated through analysis of AHP(analysis hierarchy process) for aviation workers in each field. The composition of the threat factor hierarchy from drones was designed using a specific operation risk assessment (SORA) technique previously studied by the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA), an advanced aviation country. Based on this, it will be possible to secure the low-altitude safety operation of existing aircraft by identifying and removing prior hazards between each aircraft operation and mission performance.

• Defense and Technology
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• no.3 s.229
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• pp.80-91
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• 1998

오늘날 기동하는 장갑부대 및 기계화부대등 고가의 군사자산 보호는 제5의 위협으로 상정한바 있는 지상공격기(항공기, 유도미사일, 무인항공기 등)의 다양한 공격위협과 교전할 수 있는 전천후 방공능력이 절실히 요구되고 있기 때문에 서방 선진국은 저고도용 지대공 미사일(스팅어, 스타버스트, 미스트랄, RBS-70, 이글라 등)개발과 단일 장갑 차량에 "복합 방공무기체계"를 경쟁적으로 개발 및 운용하고, 중단거리 기동 방공체계를 연구 개발중이다. 특히 고도로 유동적인 장차전의 전장환경에서 적은 최신 무기로 공중침투 공격을 감행할 것으로 예상된다. 따라서 이 글에서는 선진국의 "저고도 대공방어 무기체계"를 고찰하고자 한다.

• 한국항공운항학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2015.11a
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• pp.59-62
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• 2015

급증하고 있는 드론(무인항공기) 분야의 기술 개발과 보급이 활발해지는 효과의 반대급부로서 기존의 유인 항공기 운항의 안전이 위협받고 있다. 본 논문에서는 초경량/소형 드론이 비행하도록 지정된 저고도 공역에 대한 현 제도의 문제를 분석하고 드론의 비행 증가에 따른 항공안전을 확보하기 위한 저고도 공역 재설정을 포함한 공역 제도 개선 방안을 제안한다.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.393-398
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• 2022

Megacities of the Repulic of Korea(ROK) will have increased by urbanization and the fourth industrial revolution. Mgacities are absolutely the opportunity factor to make human life enriched. Simultaneously, those are the challenge foctor considering the crucial conventional threat such as massive artillery and multiple rocket launcher from the North Korea. Israel that has faced the geopolitical situation of ROK developed the Multi-layer air defense system to offset the low altitude threat from the neighboring nations. As a result, Israel substantially removed plenty of Hamas' rockes and suicidal drones in 2021. Applying Israel's concept, North Korea's low altitude threat toward the ROK's megacities can effectively be eliminated. Furthermore, this Multi-layer air defense system can be a game-changer that gets rid of the low and high altitude threat from North Korea and neighboring nations with both hyperconnected sensor-C2-shooter and artificial intelligence. Through this approach, the ROK will be able to achieve the prosperity and prowth of nation at the center of Megacities concentrated on PMESII(Politics, Military, Economy, Society, Information, and Infrastructure) factors.

• Defense and Technology
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• no.11 s.237
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• pp.76-87
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• 1998

우리나라와 같이 전투종심이 짧고 산악이 많은 지형에서의 저고도에 대한 공중위협은 더욱 가중되고 있어 대공화기의 중요성은 더욱 크다 하겠다. 또한 가장 도발 위험성이 높은 북한과 대치하고 있는 우리의 상황에서 적 공격기의 대지 공격능력 99.5% 이상이 폭탄, 기총, 로켓 공격임을 감안하고 또한 공격헬기를 이용한 대전차 공격과 무인항공기에 의한 위협도 증가하고 있는 추세인 점을 고려할 때 적기의 탐지로부터 격파에 이르기까지의 짧은 반응시간과 야간능력 및 유효사거리 3km내외의 명중률이 뛰어난 무기체계가 필요하게 됨은 자명한 사실이라 하겠다

• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.31-45
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• 2008

This paper describes a development of the operational architecture of a low altitude air defense automation system using a systems engineering approach. The future battlefield is changing to new system of systems that command and control by the network based BM/C4I. Also, it is composed of various sensors and shooters in an single theater. Future threats may be characterized as unmanned mewing bodies that the strategic effect is great such as UAVs, cruise missiles or tactical ballistic missiles. New threats such as low altitude stealth cruise missiles may also appear. The implementation of a low altitude air defense against these future threats is required to complex and integrated approach based on systems engineering. In this view, this work established an operational scenario and derived operational requirements by identifying mission and future operational environments. It is presented the operational architecture of the low altitude air defense automation system by using the CORE 5.0.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2011.01a
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• pp.179-180
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• 2011

항공기의 비행경로 시각화는 저고도 임무나 지형고도에 대한 위협을 해소하기 위하여 널리 사용되는 시스템이다. 하지만, 시스템을 구성하기 위하여 GPS와 방대한 지리정보를 구축해야하는 제약으로 인하여 게임 등의 저가형 시스템에 사용되기에는 불가능하다. 본 논문에서는 비행경로를 경제적으로 시각화하기 위한 오픈소스 기반의 DMM(Digital Moving Map) 시스템을 제한한다. 먼저 X-Plane에서 UDP를 통하여 비행정보를 전달받아 구글어스에서 시연 및 지형고도 정보를 DMM 시스템에 전달한다. DMM 시스템에서는 비행체의 고도와 현 위치의 지형고도를 매핑하여 ArcGIS의 MapServer를 통해 가져온 지도 정보상에 비행경로를 시각화한다. 시간간격에 다른 지형고도와 비행체의 고도 비교를 위하여 별도의 모니터링 화면을 제공한다. 본 논문의 결과물은 게임 및 연구 등의 목적으로 비행경로를 시각화하는 분야에 경제적인 도구로 사용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.37-44
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• 2024

The Korean Helicopter Development Program has successfully introduced the Surion helicopter, a versatile multi-domain operational aircraft that replaces the aging UH-1 and 500MD helicopters. Specifically designed for maneuverability, the Surion plays a crucial role in low-altitude tactical maneuvers for personnel transportation and specific missions, emphasizing the helicopter's survivability. Despite the significance of its low-altitude tactical maneuver capability, there is a notable gap in research focusing on multi-mission tactical maneuvers that consider the risk factors associated with deploying the Surion in the presence of enemy air defenses. This study addresses this gap by exploring a method to enhance the Surion's low-altitude maneuvering paths, incorporating information about enemy air defenses. Leveraging the Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) algorithm, a reinforcement learning-based approach, the research aims to optimize the helicopter's path planning. Visualized experiments were conducted using a Surion model implemented in the Unity environment and ML-Agents library. The proposed method resulted in a rapid and stable policy convergence for generating optimal maneuvering paths for the Surion. The experiments, based on two key criteria, "operation time" and "minimum damage," revealed distinct optimal paths. This divergence suggests the potential for effective tactical maneuvers in low-altitude situations, considering the risk factors associated with enemy air defenses. Importantly, the Surion's capability for remote control in all directions enhances its adaptability in complex operational environments.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2016.01a
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• pp.287-288
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• 2016

항공기 버드스트라이크 사고는 공항활주로 주변에서 이 착륙 중이거나 저고도 상공에서 비행중인 항공기와 새의 접촉으로 인해 발생하는 사고다. 이러한 버드스트라이크사고는 항공운항의 역사와 함께 우리를 위협해 왔고 앞으로도 계속해서 위협하게 될 것이다. 이에 본 논문에서는 공항활주로에서 일어났던 버드스트라이크 사고의 다양한 사고예방법 중 새들의 천적인 맹금류 중 매의 울음소리를 활용한 예방법에 관해서 연구하였다.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.397-403
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• 2024

North Korea's rapidly advancing drone development and operational capabilities have become a significant threat to South Korea's security. The drone incursions by North Korea in 2014, 2017, and 2022 demonstrate the technological advancement and provocative potential of North Korean drones. This study aims to closely analyze the military threats posed by North Korean drones and seek effective countermeasures. The research examines the development level of North Korean drone technology, its military applications, the characteristics and patterns of recent drone incursions, the adequacy and limitations of South Korea's current response systems, and future countermeasures. For this purpose, domestic and international research literature and media reports were reviewed, and specific North Korean drone incursion cases were analyzed. The results indicate that North Korea's small drones possess technological features such as small size, low altitude, low-speed flight, long-duration flight, and reconnaissance equipment. These drones pose threats that can be utilized for reconnaissance, surveillance, surprise attacks, and terrorism. Additionally, South Korea's current response systems reveal limitations such as inadequate detection and identification capabilities, low interception success rates, lack of an integrated response system, and insufficient specialized personnel and equipment. Therefore, this study suggests various technical, policy, and international cooperative countermeasures, including the development of drone detection and identification technologies, the utilization of diverse drone neutralization technologies, the establishment of legal and institutional foundations, the construction of a cooperative framework among relevant agencies, and the strengthening of international cooperation. The study particularly emphasizes the importance of raising awareness of the North Korean drone threat across South Korean society and unifying national efforts to respond to these threats.