• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.18 no.7
• /
• pp.49-63
• /
• 2018

This study examines both the announcement effect of corporate real estate acquisitions and sales and long-term stock performance. Also, we analyze long-term stock returns on the basis of the amount and the purpose (business activities, financial activities, etc.) of real estate acquisitions and sales. The major findings are as follow. First, we find that there is no significant announcement effect on the real estate acquisitions. However, the announcement day of real estate sales shows significantly positive abnormal stock returns. Second, we find that both the real estate acquisitions and sales show negative long-term stock performance. We also find the same results from the case where we classify our sample on the basis of the amount and the purpose of real estate acquisitions and sales. Third, the amount of real estate acquisitions is significantly negatively related to long-term stock returns, whereas the relation between firm value and the amount of real estate sales is positive only under the business activities. Overall, long-term stock performance decreases after the announcement day of the real estate acquisitions and sales. This results can be explained by agency theory. Also, we conclude that a decline in stock performance after the real estate sales explain an information signal on financial distress.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2008.05a
• /
• pp.2207-2211
• /
• 2008

한반도 및 동아시아의 여름철은 장마와 태풍으로 인한 집중호우의 발생으로 많은 피해를 입는다. 따라서 여름철에 나타나는 이러한 집중호우가 나타나는 지역, 시기, 기간, 그리고 강수량 등을 예측하는 것은 매우 중요하다. 특히, 효율적인 수자원 관리를 위하여 이러한 예측은 매우 중요한데, 단기적으로 정확하고 신속하게 강수를 예측하는 것도 중요하지만, 장기적으로 계절 강수, 특히 여름철의 장마 또는 우기의 시기와 강수량과 태풍 발생의 시기 등을 미리 예측하여 이에 따른 집중 호우의 발생 지역, 기간, 강수량을 예측하여 사전에 대비하는 것도 매우 중요하다. 특히, 최근에는 6,7월 장마에 의한 집중 호우의 영향보다도 8월에 강수량이 높아지고 있는 경향을 보이므로 강수량의 장기적 경향의 파악이 매우 중요하다. 장기 기후를 예측하는 데는 과거 자료를 이용한 통계 방법도 유용하지만 최근에는 AOGCM (Atmospheric Oceanic General Circulation Model)을 이용한 연구가 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 하지만 강수와 같이 지역적으로 나타나는 현상은 저해상도의 AOGCM으로는 유용한 정보를 제공하기가 어려움이 따른다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 전구를 삼각형으로 된 20면체로 격자화 시켜 모든 격자의 크기가 거의 동일하고, 해상도 조절이 가능한 Geodesic 격자를 활용한 GME 모델을 사용하였다. GME 모델은 icosahedral-hexagonal grid 격자 체계를 가진 독일 기상청(Deutscher Wetterdient)에서 현업으로 사용 중인 모델이다. 본 연구에서는 수직/수평 해상도를 40km/40layers로 하여 GME 모델을 수행하였으며, 일간격의 장기 기후 자료를 생산하였다. 사용된 초기자료로는 ECMWF (European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts) 자료이며, 경계 자료로는 ERA Climatology의 최근 30년간의 SST (Sea Surface Temperature) 평균 자료를 이용하여 규준 실험(Control Run), 즉, climatology 자료를 생산하였으며, persistent SST 아노말리와 ERA Climatology의 최근 30년간의 SST 자료를 이용하여 내삽 과정을 거친 SST forcing을 주어서 예측 실험(Prediction Run)을 통하여 모의 자료를 생산하였다. 특히, 규준 실험에서는 수치 모델이 가지는 불확실성을 줄이고 예보 정확도를 향상시키기 위하여 각각의 실험은 초기자료를 달리한 앙상블 모의실험을 수행하였다. 장기 모의 3개월을 위하여 모의 기간 1달 전부터 모의를 수행하여, 첫 1달은 모델의 spin-up 시간으로 분석에서 제외 하였다. 생산된 Climatology 자료와 Prediction 자료를 비교하여 아노말리와 Category 분석을 실시하여 한반도 및 동아시아 지역의 강수(Precipitation)를 중심으로 기압장(Pressure), 온도(2m Temperature) 위주로 분석하였다. 이러한 예측된 매 계절의 전망 자료 중에서도 수자원 분야에서 관심이 집중되는 여름철에 초점을 맞추어 실제 관측 자료와 비교하여 GME 모델의 계절 모의 예측성 성능을 분석하여 평가하고 다가올 여름철의 강수량의 장기 변화를 모의하고자 하였다.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
• /
• v.69 no.1
• /
• pp.33-57
• /
• 2017

This study examines the effect of working conditions for care workers on the care quality in long-term care facilities, particularly the coexisting perspective on publicness and the marketization of Long-term care services in South Korea brings about. Prior studies have not identified a causal relationship between working conditions and the care quality, only explained cause of a low-wage labor market and low productivity of social services. Theoretical relevance of working conditions and service quality on Long-term care in Korea is to view from a integrated care model by Daly and Lewis(2002). A nonproportional stratified sampling procedure was used to consider Long-term care facility's ownership. A merged dataset combining surveys from 248 Long-Term Care facilities and online resources from NHIC administrative was used and analyzed by multiple regression. The analysis results is showed as follows. Overall, organizations with better working conditions, having higher wage, having greater a fringe benefit, being skills development and training are likely to have good care quality in each area. This research shows that the working conditions, rewards and support to care workers of organizational culture in the normative dimension beyond the minimum standard on labor market policy and evaluation system by government regulations have a positive impact on Long-term care quality.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
• /
• v.16 no.10
• /
• pp.15-22
• /
• 2015

In this study, to evaluate the long-term behavior characteristics and the loss of prestress force, the long-term measurement of the tensile anchors in the actual construction was performed and the results were analyzed comparing with the existing estimation. As the reinforcement member used for the purpose of slope stability or uplift-resisting of the permanent structure, etc, the permanent anchor should maintain the functions during the performance period of the structure differently from the temporary anchor. However, as the time passes by, since the relaxation and the creep of the anchor occur constantly, the management for the loss of tensile force is essential to perform the functions stably. So far, the loss of the tensile force has been estimated according to the reduction of the prestress using elasticity theory and using the relaxation value according to the type of tension member and the test using the long-term measurement is limited. Therefore, in this study, the site condition and the ground were investigated for the tensile anchor in the actual construction and the long-term measurement results more than 500 days was analyzed by installing the loadcell, inclinometer and the groundwater level gauge. In addition, the long-term behavior characteristics were evaluated by comparing the disposition of the measured earth retaining wall and the tension force loss of the anchor with the existing interpretation results. In the evaluation results, the most of the tension force loss occurs within 90 days and the loss was measured less than the estimated values.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
• /
• v.63 no.4
• /
• pp.301-326
• /
• 2011

The major purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of the long-term care insurance program. In order to estimate the impact of policy accurately, certain bias which might hamper the validity of this study has been removed by Propensity Score Matching(PSM) and Double Difference(DD) method from the semi-experimental design. To study the effects of long-term care insurance on the elderly and their family members as social outcome variable sand the quality of life of their family and satisfaction in family relationships, the third and fourth waves of Korea Welfare Panel are used to match experimental and comparative groups by the propensity score matching. Then, DD method, using the panel fixed effects model, is applied to estimate the differences of those groups'treatment effects before and after the policy implementation. As a result, it was found that the Quality of life on the elderly and their family members is statistically meaningless, while the satisfaction in family relationships has much increased after the policy implementation. The result has a limitation in that this evaluation is performed at the point when the long-term insurance program has not been ripened enough. However, there is an important implication on the significance of realizing the main goal of the long-term care insurance to improve the quality of life of the elderly and their family members and as for the potentiality of further system improvements.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.44 no.5
• /
• pp.81-91
• /
• 2016

The study shows solutions of long-term unexecuted urban park and activation plans to facilitate the business promotion of Private Park Developers. This study conducted a feasibility analysis to determine if the business of a special case is applicable. The result of this study is as follows about three long-term unexecuted urban parks in Gwangju Metropolitan City's City Park. First, the three long-term unexecuted urban parks in Gwangju Metropolitan City's City Park are the forest type Neighborhood Parks. Businesses of a special case's park developing cost(average 0.4%) have a relatively low percentage. It is most affected by Land Compensation(average 33.8%) and building construction expenses(average 59.1%). Second, long-term unexecuted urban parks' Land Compensation and building construction expenses seed capital are excessive. The Bongsan Park balance floor space index is 179 percent; a reasonable profit floor space index is 220 percent. The Mareuk Park balance floor space index is 351 percent; a reasonable profit floor space index is 420 percent. The Jungoe Park balance floor space index is 327 percent; a reasonable profit floor space index is 400 percent. Third, to facilitate the business of special cases in deliberating, Bongsan Park should change its second class general residential area. Jungoe Park must change the quasi-residential area and semi-residential area. Mareuk Park must change the general commercial area. In this way, the feasibility of promoting private park projects will be improved.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2011.05a
• /
• pp.71-71
• /
• 2011

지난 세기동안 지구 평균 기온이 상승함에 따라 대기 중에 차지하는 수증기 함유량 또한 증가 추이를(7%/$^{\circ}C$) 보이고 있으며, 이는 전 세계적으로 수문 순환 패턴의 변화를 초래한다(IPCC, 2007). 그 중에서도 강수 특성의 변화는 궁극적으로 유출량의 변화를 초래하며, 이는 수자원 총량의 변화로 이어지게 된다. 특히, 여름철에 대부분의 강수 현상이 집중되는 우리나라의 경우 육지의 70% 정도가 산악 지형으로 이루어진 복잡한 지리적 영향으로 집중호우 시 홍수가 일시에 유출되어 이에 따른 인적 물적 피해가 해마다 되풀이 되고 있다. 수자원은 인간 생활과 밀접한 관계에 있기 때문에 이러한 극심한 기후변화에 의한 피해를 최소화하기 위해 수계단위의 효율적인 물관리가 필수적이다. 따라서 한반도 내 주요 강(한강, 금강, 영산강, 섬진강, 낙동강)을 중심으로 수계별 강수량 및 유출량의 장기 특성 변화를 살펴보고자 한다. 장기간의 자료를 보유하고 있는 기상청 산하 27개 지점의 시간 강수량 자료 및 국가 수자원관리 종합정보시스템에서 제공하는 장기유출 자료를 수집하여 수계 평균값을 산정하고, 각 수계별 강수량 및 유출량의 장기 추이 및 변동성, 상관도를 알아보고자 하였다. 최근 36년 동안(1973~2008년) 모든 수계에서 연총강수량이 증가하는 추이를 보였으며, 한강 수계에서 유의수준 5% 내에서 가장 높은 증가율(약 10 mm/yr)을, 섬진강 수계에서 가장 낮은 증가율(약 4 mm/yr)을 나타냈다. 여름철 집중호우(20 mm/hr 이상) 빈도 분석 결과, 모든 수계에서 호우 빈도의 증가 경향이 뚜렷함을 볼 수 있다. 특히, 최근 10년간(1999~2008) 호우빈도의 변화를 살펴보면 섬진강 수계의 경우 총 60번으로 가장 많았고 상대적으로 낙동강 수계에서 35번으로 가장 적었다. 여름철 무강수일수(강수량이 0.1 mm 미만인 일수)의 경우 모든 수계에서 거의 완만한 감소추세를 보임을 확인할 수 있었다. 1970~2001년간 연총유출량의 경우 한강 및 금강 수계의 경우 증가하는 경향을 나타내는 반면 섬진강 수계의 경우 오히려 감소하며, 영산강 및 낙동강 수계에서는 뚜렷한 변화를 볼 수 없었다. 월별 유출량의 경우 모든 수계에서 7월, 8월, 9월에 집중되며, 한강 수계에서 8월, 그 외 수계에서는 7월에 가장 높은 값을 보였다. 향후 장기적인 관점에서 바라 본 강수량과 유출량의 관계에 관한 추가적인 연구를 통하여 신뢰성 있는 기후변화에 따른 수자원 영향 평가에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
• /
• v.40 no.3
• /
• pp.355-361
• /
• 2017

Pediatrics are more sensibility to radiation than adults and because they are organs that are not completely grown, they have a life expectancy that can be adversely affected by exposure. Therefore, the management of exposure dose is more important than the case of adult. The purpose of this study was to determine the suitability of the 10 year old phantom for the 5 year old pediatric's recommendation and the incident surface dose, and to measure the organ absorbed dose. This study is compared the organ absorbed dose and the entrance surface dose in the clinical conditions at 5 and 10 years old pediatric. Clinical 5 year old condition was slightly higher than recommendation condition and 10 year old condition was very high. In addition, recommendation condition ESD was found to be 43% higher than the ESD of the 5 year old group and the ESD of the 10 year old group was 126% higher than that of the 5 year old group. The recommended ESD at 5 years old and the ESD according to clinical imaging conditions were 31.6%. There was no significant difference between the 5 year old recommended exposure conditions and the organ absorbed dose due to clinical exposure conditions, but there was a large difference between the Chest and Pelvic. However, it was found that there was a remarkable difference when comparing the organ absorbed dose by 10 year clinical exposure conditions. Therefore, more detailed standard exposure dose for the recommended dose of pediatric should be studied.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.77-83
• /
• 1991

An animal experiment was performed to investigate the effects of dietary cadmium on growth rates and cadmium accumulations in internal organic tissues and blood by feeding mice with dietary $cdcl_2$ additives and/or brown rice with high cadmium content as during a 12-week feeding period. The results were as follows : Mice weights decreased with increasing levels of dietary cadmium at the end of a 9-week feeding period. The weights of mice organs in the cadmium-free feeding group were higher than in the cadmium-added groups, and the weights of mice organs did not show any significant differences among feeding groups with different levels of dietary cadmium. The concentrations of cadmium in kidney and liver were much higher than in other internal organs and blood, and the next higher concentration was in the heart. The cadmium accumulation in all internal organs and blood increased with increasing dietary cadmium levels, respectively. The ratios of cadmium accumulation in organ tissues and total blood of cadmium-added groups increased with decreasing dietary cadmium levels.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.2674-2683
• /
• 2015

This study was performed to determine the levels of depression(CES-D) and its related factors among the elderly people affiliated with long-term care insurance services in urban areas. The interviews were performed, during the period from March 1st, to May 31th, 2012, to 388 elderlies. As a result, the levels of depression among all subjects were 21.6% of normal group, and 78.4% of depression group. The distribution of depression according to the grade of long-term care insurance were 83.6% in Grade I, 82.1% in Grade II and 67.0% in Grade III, and the level of distribution were significantly higher according to the higher grade of long-term care insurance. For the results of multiple logistic regression analysis, the odds ratio was increased in older age group, in the poor health status group, and in the group of seldom in activity of hobbies than their counterparts, but it was decreased in the higher monthly income group than lower group. Above results suggested that the depression was significantly related with the variables such as sociodemographic characteristics, economic status, health related factors and health status.