• Journal of Information Management
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.183-209
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• 2007

The representative example of the business model on internet environment, the business of the Naver, Empas and Google which provides information retrieval service is the internet portal. The portal sites provide information retrieval service which provides users information what they want to find, that is a huge social contribution. The portal site which provides a search service leads much problems. Consequently, the regulation against information retrieval is asserted powerfully in spite of the public interest. Namely, the regulation regarding the search business owner is tried. Finally, portal business owner puts the social responsibility as OSP. But, there is a doubt that portal business owner who has much problem which occurred on the portal site indirectly has responsibility directly. That is duty on portal site owner the censorship on the contents transferred. So, this thesis researches on the social critical opinion relating with a information retrieval from the legal side against the problem of the Internet.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.31-41
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the properties of previous studies related to vocations in the construction field. The results of the analysis are as follows. First, The paper has not been published at the beginning of the establishment of the academic foundation for vocational studies, but there was a marked increase over the next 15 years. Second, research related to vocations in the construction field has been more active in engineering than in social science. Third, the primary data method was used much more than the secondary data method, and the quantitative research method through a questionnaire was the most common research method. Fourth, human objects showed the highest frequency as 78.9%, and among them, technicians was the most. Fifth, as the research topic, psychological and behavioral aspects such as job satisfaction, job stress, turnover intention, and organizational commitment were dealt with most, and structural and environmental aspects such as national job competency standards, job analysis, construction accidents, and career development. It was also found that the topic of the research was actively being dealt with.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.224-237
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• 2021

Purpose: Paeonia Radix Alba is a traditional herbal medicine used to treat the liver and the spleen. Many studies have reported that Paeonia Radix Alba extract (PR) affects liver injury, but there has been no study on liver injuries induced by thioacetamide (TAA). Therefore, we aimed at evaluating the effect of PR on a TAA-induced acute liver injury (ALI) model. Methods: The antioxidant activity of PR was assayed by the content of total polyphenol, total flavonoid, 1,1-diphenyl-2'-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonicacid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activities in vitro test. ALI was induced via-intraperitoneal injection of TAA (200 mg/kg body weight) for three consecutive days. Also, silymarin (100 mg/kg body weight) and PR (100 or 200 mg/kg body weight) were administered at 1 hours 30 minutes prior to TAA treatment. The levels of ammonia, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) were analyzed using an assay kit. The expressions of antioxidant proteins including Nrf2, Keap1, HO-1, SOD, catalase, and GPx-1/2 and oxidative stress-related proteins including NOX2, p47^phox, and p22^phox were evaluated by the western blot analysis. Results: PR showed excellent antioxidant activity in vitro. TAA administration increased the levels of ammonia, GOT, and GPT in the ALI control group compared to the normal group, whereas it was significantly reduced by PR pretreatment. Moreover, NADPH oxidase protein expressions were upregulated after TAA treatment, while the elevated expressions were inhibited by PR pretreatment. The expressions of antioxidant protein were downregulated in the ALI control group, whereas Nrf2 activation in the PR group was accompanied by increased levels of antioxidant enzymes. Conclusion: PR administration increased the antioxidant enzymes via activation of the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway and inhibited the protein levels of NADPH oxidase factors. Taken together, these results showed that PR treatment may be considered to ameliorate acute liver injury induced by TAA.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.22-31
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• 2021

Surface image velocimetry (SIV) is a noncontact velocimetry technique based on images. Recently, studies have been conducted on surface velocity measurements using drones to measure a wide range of velocities and discharges. However, when measuring the surface velocity using a drone, reference points must be included in the image for image correction and the calculation of the ground sample distance, which limits the flight altitude and shooting area of the drone. A technique for calculating the surface velocity that does not require reference points must be developed to maximize spatial freedom, which is the advantage of velocity measurements using drone images. In this study, a technique for calculating the surface velocity that uses only the drone position and the specifications of the drone-mounted camera, without reference points, was developed. To verify the developed surface velocity calculation technique, surface velocities were calculated at the Andong River Experiment Center and then measured with a FlowTracker. The surface velocities measured by conventional SIV using reference points and those calculated by the developed SIV method without reference points were compared. The results confirmed an average difference of approximately 4.70% from the velocity obtained by the conventional SIV and approximately 4.60% from the velocity measured by FlowTracker. The proposed technique can accurately measure the surface velocity using a drone regardless of the flight altitude, shooting area, and analysis area.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• 제37집
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• pp.229-262
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• 2021

The debate on the treatment of animals has accelerated as a social issue in the West since the 1970s. In 1975, Peter Singers argued in his book, Animal Liberation, that speciesism should be banned. This led to an explosion in research on animal welfare in the philosophical and social sciences. Following Singer, Tom Regan suggested considering the animal rights as being on the same level as human rights. Their arguments were that animals should be imbued with some intrinsic weight sufficient enough to remind humans of their social responsibility to animals at least to a certain degree. In this regard, social responsibility for animal welfare as well as animal rights has formed an axis that organizes human morality in modern society. Such arguments regarding animal welfare can be perceived as an active and creative effort which accords with the free will of human beings who in Daesoon Thought are understood as facing the era of human nobility. This argumentation also aligns with the doctrine of grievance-resolution for mutual beneficence as a practical creed due to the way in which modern bioethics implies that animal welfare could become a practical communal morality integrated into legal systems prior to adoption as a system of individual morality. From within this context, this study discusses the nature and limits of modern animal welfare and animal rights from the perspective of the grievance-resolution which Kang Jeungsan promised to animals.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.151-162
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• 2022

Recently, contests for college students have emerged as an important factor in employment through self-development, and parents' psychological control on college students can prevent the development of autonomy by suppressing decisions and expressions without helping their children become independent. Therefore, this study aims to find out how the parental psychological control perceived by college students affects the motivation to participate in the contest through self-determination. As a result of the study, first, it was found that the psychological control of separation anxiety of parental psychological control negatively affects only the competence among self-determination. Second, it was found that achievement-oriented parental psychological control had a negative effect on all factors of self-determination. Third, it was found that among self-determination factors, competence had a positive effect on pleasure, financial reward, and recognition of others, and a negative effect on a sense of accomplishment. Fourth, it was found that the relationship among self-determination factors had a positive effect on pleasure, financial compensation, and recognition of others. The results of this will be used as basic data to understand the motivation of college students to participate in the contest and the psychological control of their parents.

• Journal of International Area Studies (JIAS)
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.31-60
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• 2011

Medvedev administration has adopted new foreign policy line because of Obama administration's 'Reset' policy and Global economic crisis. The objectives of Medvedev's new foreign policy are the creation of a favorable external environment and the efficient use of external resources for Russia's economic modernization. To achieve these goals, Medvedev's government fleshed out such specific action plans as the avoidance of conflicts with other powers, the prevention of conflicts around Russia's borders, the activation of capital investment, and the introduction of advanced technology from the outside. This foreign policy line takes shape in the building of a foundation for strategic cooperation with the United States, the preparation for 'Modernization Alliance' with Europe, the management of cooperation and conflict with China and Japan, and the introduction of a dual strategy of strategic stability and economic integration in relations with post-soviet states. In Russia's new foreign policy line the strengthening of relations with the United States and Europe acquires highest priority. However, this does not mean a return to a 'pro-Western liberal line' in the early 1990s. The ultimate goal of Russia's 'modernization' program still lies in the rebuilding of a powerful Russia in accordance with the multipolar world order that was Putin administration's foreign policy line. In this context, foreign policy change under Medvedev administration could be defined as a 'program change at international level' that signifies a change in the means to achieve goals without changing them.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.37-48
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• 2010

In this study, the seepage flow monitoring method by the hydraulic head loss rate was developed for the purpose of application to offshore construction site enclosed by cofferdams in which seepage force varies periodically. The amount of the hydraulic head loss rate newly defined in this graph was in a range between 0 and 1. The zero of the rate means the existence of flow with no seepage resistance. The 1 of the rate means no seepage flow through the ground. The closer to 1 the coefficient of determinant in the hydraulic head loss graph is, the more the ground through which seepage water flows is stable. The closer to 0 the coefficient of determinant in the hydraulic head loss graph is, the more the ground through which seepage water flows was unstable and the higher the possibilities of existence of empty space or of occurrence of piping on the seepage flow pass in the ground is. The hydraulic head loss graph makes it possible to monitor sensitively the situation of seepage flow state, and the graph helps to understand easily the seepage flow state at the specific section on the whole cofferdam.

• Information Systems Review
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.21-40
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to find factors that Incheon International Airport should focus on and improve in order to have hub-competitiveness through economic zone centered on airport. Text analytics was conducted on online review written by passengers who used world class transit airport to derive environmental factors. After that, we select 15 major factors among the derived environmental factors based on the previous studies. This study used IPA analysis for experts in aviation field to investigate the importance and performance of the factors. Results showed that performance was evaluated to be lower than importance in all factors, and accessibility(convenience, diversity, cost and time), free economic zone and various shopping facilities were top 3 factors to be specifically improved. This study is meaningful in that it can understand passengers' perceptions by using the advantages of text analysis and surveys method. The result of study can be used to establish policy and strategic directions to solidify the position of hub airports in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.74-81
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• 2024

In the near future, autonomous ships, ships controlled by shore remote control centers, and ships operated by navigators will coexist and operate the sea together. In the advent of this situation, a method is required to evaluate the safety of the maritime traffic environment. Therefore, in this study, a plan to evaluate the safety of navigation through ship control simulation was proposed in a maritime environment, where ships directly controlled by navigators and autonomous ships coexisted, using autonomous operation technology. Own ship was designed to have autonomous operational functions by learning the MMG model based on the six-DOF motion with the PPO algorithm, an in-depth reinforcement learning technique. The target ship constructed maritime traffic modeling data based on the maritime traffic data of the sea area to be evaluated and designed autonomous operational functions to be implemented in a simulation space. A numerical model was established by collecting date on tide, wave, current, and wind from the maritime meteorological database. A maritime meteorology model was created based on this and designed to reproduce maritime meteorology on the simulator. Finally, the safety evaluation proposed a system that enabled the risk of collision through vessel traffic flow simulation in ship control simulation while maintaining the existing evaluation method.