• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.279-303
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• 2019

This study investigated effects of Korean students' contacts with International students on Korean college students' multicultural competencies. This study also examined mediating effects of life satisfaction and realistic conflict perception between contacts with international students and multicultural competencies. For the purpose, 384 Korean college students completed the questionnaires including contacts, life satisfaction, realistic conflicts perception toward international students, everyday multicultural competencies, and demographic information. The results indicate that number of contacts predicts cultural self-efficacy and cultural knowledge, whereas contact diversity predicts cultural openness. Life Satisfaction predicts cultural openness, cultural self-efficacy, and cultural knowledge, and realistic conflicts perception predicts all subscales of everyday multicultural competencies scale other than cultural knowledge. Results also discovered that life satisfaction mediates the relationship between contact diversity and multicultural competencies, but realistic conflict perception did not mediate between contact diversity and multicultural competencies. Based on the results, the suggestions to enhance college students' multicultural competencies were discussed.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.272-284
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to describe the scales of attitudes toward science and the validation of instruments for students and their parents. These instruments include three scales: cognition about value of science, affection toward science & science learning, and conative participation in scientific activities. A sample of middle school students (N=198) and their parents (N=153) was selected. Data analysis indicated that the instruments developed in this study had proper validity and reliability measures (${\alpha}=0.93$ for student questionnaire, ${\alpha}=0.88$ for parent questionnaire). The results reveal that both students and parents were well aware of the academic/vocational and social value of science, but they had low awareness of the individual value. In spite of that, students have positive feelings regarding enjoyment toward science and science learning, their self-concept and self-efficacy were low. And parents' responses were observed to support their kids in general field but not in science. Especially, female students had low participation in scientific activities and also their parents had low support for scientific activities (p<.0.1). Finally, there were positive correlations between students' attitudes toward science and their parents' affection toward science & science learning and conative participation in science activities.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.77-90
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• 2019

In this study, we investigated which message provider is effective in a virtual reality (VR) environment for individuals with different needs with regard to affect (need for affect [NFA]) and cognition (need for cognition [NFC]). According to Haddock et al (2008), individuals with high NFA were more influenced to change their behavior by the emotional aspects of a message, whereas individuals with high NFC were more influenced by the cognitive aspects of the same message. We hypothesized that individual differences in needs could affect not only receipt of the message but also the acceptability of the message provider. For example, someone with high NFA might accept messages more easily from an acquaintance than from experts. In the VR environment, the appearance of the message provider could be manipulated in a way that makes him or her more familiar to the person receiving the message. Accordingly, in order to promote the effectiveness of message providers in a VR environment according to the individual difference in needs, we measured the level of the preference and self-efficacy according to needs (NFA or NFC), type of message provider (expert, significant other, or other), and VR device (text or VR). Contrary to what we expected, the results showed that there was no matching effect between the needs and the message provider. However, we found that level of preference and self-efficacy were significantly high when a VR device was worn only by participants with high NFA. This result suggests that a VR environment is more suitable for providing health advice to people with high NFA. In addition, the novelty of this study is that we tried to find the tailored message provider on health advice in VR environment and it is in the early stage of the research.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.511-521
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• 2013

This study aims to investigate the effects of science writing activities on the students' science-related attitude, motivation for learning science, and academic achievement. One hundred and twenty seven second graders of a middle school located in Gyeonggi province participated in this study. The experimental group performed science writing activities, while the comparative group performed problem solving activities at the end of the regular science lessons over 30 class hours. For the students' science-related attitude and motivation for learning science, TOSRA, PALS, and MSLQ were used with some modification and supplementation. For the students' academic achievement, scores on science examinations were used. The results of this study are as follows: First, the test of the science-related attitude showed that science writing activities have positive effects on the cultivation of sciencerelated attitude, as for the sub-factors, 'attitude towards scientific inquiry,' 'pleasure of science lessons,' and 'active attitude towards science'(p<.05). Second, the test of motivation for learning science showed that the science writing activities had positive effect on the improvement in students' motivation, as for the sub-factors, 'difference in values on task' and 'self-efficacy'(p<.05). Third, science writing activities are effective on improvement in the students' academic achievement(p<.05), especially on the high-level achievement group.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.115-131
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to develop and examine the effect of the Health Promotion Education Program for the Auxiliary Police based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED Model. This study was conducted using a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Twenty-five participants were selected by convenience sampling method and assigned to the experimental group, and 26 participants were assigned to the control group. The data were collected from Auxiliary Police officer in D provincial Police Agency. All of participations completed questionnaires about self-efficacy, social support, availability of resources, health promotion behavior, quality of life and received the objective stress test. In addition, the experimental group completed 7 sessions of health promotion Education programs according to PRECEDE-PROCEED model for 5 weeks. Data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 21.0 Program. There was significant differences over time between the groups in terms of health promotion behavior (F=7.63, p<.001), autonomic nervous activity (F=29.24, p<.001), stress resistance (F=31.22, p<.001), stress index (F=22.42, p<.001), fatigue (F=12.87, p<.001), and quality of life (F=3.49, p=.042). The results may be crucial to develop strategy in order to decrease the disease prevalence as well as increase the participants' overall quality of life. As a result, the Health Promotion Education Program for the auxiliary police was proved to be an effective intervention in order to improve the quality of life. Therefore, the program may be a useful intervention for the auxiliary police.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.191-206
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• 2020

Although several studies have been conducted on unification and the life of North Korean refugees, there have been few studies comparing the characteristics of North Korean refugees with South Korean workers, in terms of human resources in business administration. By considering the limitations of these prior studies, this study analyzed whether there are differences in factors affecting organizational commitment and turnover intention through a group comparative analysis between North Korean refugees and South Korean workers. For a comparative analysis between the two groups, we recruited 145 workers from North Korea and 213 South Korea-born workers. We found the following results with a multi-group structural equation model. We confirmed the measurement homogeneity by ensuring that both groups were equally aware of the measurement tools affecting organizational commitment and turnover intentions. As a result of testing the homogeneity of measurement, we also confirmed that there was a significant difference in optimism between the two groups; optimism affects organizational commitment and among social supports, affectionate support and interaction support affect organizational commitment. Analyzing the path between the two groups, we first were able to find that optimism influenced organizational commitment for both groups, in relation to positive psychological capital. However, in terms of degree, South Korean workers were found to be strongly affected. Second, with regard to social support, we were not able to find that affectionate support and interaction support have a significant impact on organizational commitment for South Korean workers, while for North Korean refugees, we confirmed that both supports have a significant impact. Third, we were unable to find any differences between the two group, in terms of other sub-components of positive psychological capital (self-efficacy, hope, and resiliency) or the sub-components of social support (informational support, tangible support). These results suggest that companies or managers employing North Korean refugee workers need to create an organizational environment that allows them to perceive social support, especially affectionate support and interaction support.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.143-154
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• 2020

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine cognitive and psychological characteristics of patients with military service suitability issues compared to the general psychiatric outpatients. Methods : 108 patients who visited psychiatric clinic center due to military service suitability issues and 80 general psychiatric patients were recruited from the Department of Psychiatry of university hospital. ANCOVA and chi-equare test were used to examine differences between two groups. Furthermore, we utilized paired t-test to compare the scrore within military group depending on when they performed the psychological assessment. Results : There were no significant differences between military group and general outpatient group in WAIS-IV scores. However, military group scored remarkably higher than control group on validity scales, F-r and Fp-r whereas they scored lower on validity scale, K-r. Furthermore, military group showed significantly higher on BDI and MMPI-2-RF, EID, RCd, RC2, RC3, COG, HLP, SFD, NFC, STW, SAVE, SHY, DSF, NEGE-r, INTR-r. As a result of comparison within the military group following the periods of assessment, military group did not show the significant differences on the overall scales of MMPI-2-RF. Conclusions : The present study showed that military group tends to report their psychological distress more exaggeratedly. In addition, they had significantly elevated not only emotional distress such as depression and anxiety but interpersonal problem. The implications and limitations were discussed along with some suggestions for the future studies.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.1-36
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• 2020

This study is to reveal the acceptance factors of the Market Sentiment Index (MSI) created by reflecting the investor sentiment extracted by processing unstructured big data. The research model was established by exploring exogenous variables based on the rational behavior theory and applying the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The acceptance of MSI provided to investors in the stock market was found to be influenced by the exogenous variables presented in this study. The results of causal analysis are as follows. First, self-efficacy, investment opportunities, Innovativeness, and perceived cost significantly affect perceived ease of use. Second, Diversity of services and perceived benefits have a statistically significant impact on perceived usefulness. Third, Perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness have a statistically significant effect on attitude to use. Fourth, Attitude to use statistically significantly influences the intention to use, and the investment opportunities as an independent variable affects the intention to use. Fifth, the intention to use statistically significantly affects the final dependent variable, the intention to use continuously. The mediating effect between the independent and dependent variables of the research model is as follows. First, The indirect effect on the causal route from diversity of services to continuous use intention was 0.1491, which was statistically significant at the significance level of 1%. Second, The indirect effect on the causal route from perceived benefit to continuous use intention was 0.1281, which was statistically significant at the significance level of 1%. The results of the multi-group analysis are as follows. First, for groups with and without stock investment experience, multi-group analysis was not possible because the measurement uniformity between the two groups was not secured. Second, the analysis result of the difference in the effect of independent variables of male and female groups on the intention to use continuously, where measurement uniformity was secured between the two groups, In the causal route from usage attitude to usage intention, women are higher than men. And in the causal route from use intention to continuous use intention, males were very high and showed statistically significant difference at significance level 5%.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.228-241
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• 2018

Purpose: The health risk of women increases after menopause. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a public health center-based nutrition education program for hypertension in women older than 50 years of age. Methods: The program included 8-week nutrition education and 8-week follow-up with keeping a health diary and nutrition counseling. The program was evaluated three times: before and after the nutrition education, and after the follow-up. The subjects were classified into hypertensives (n = 44) or normotensives (n = 71). Results: The rate of taking antihypertensive drugs in the hypertensive group was 86.4%. The systolic blood pressure decreased in the hypertensive and normotensive groups after nutrition education (p < 0.05). The body weight (p < 0.001), BMI (p < 0.001), waist circumference (p < 0.001), and percent body fat (p < 0.01) were also decreased after nutrition education in both groups. The hypertensive group showed an increase in HDL-cholesterol level (p < 0.001) and decreases in triglycerides (p < 0.01) and LDL-cholesterol (p < 0.05) levels after completion of the program. The normotensive group also displayed significant changes in HDL-cholesterol (p < 0.001) and triglycerides (p < 0.01). The dietary habits and nutrition knowledge on sodium and hypertension were improved in both groups (p < 0.001). The total score of dietary behavior related to the sodium intake was improved in the normotensive group (p < 0.001). The total score of the high sodium dish frequency questionnaire decreased in both groups after nutrition education and completion of the program compared to that before the program. Decreases in the consumption frequencies of noodles, pot stews and stews, Kimchi, and beverages were significant. The total self-efficacy score was increased in both groups by the program (p < 0.001). In particular, the hypertensive group showed improvement in all items. Conclusion: This public health center-based nutrition education program may contribute to the prevention and management of hypertension and chronic diseases in women over 50 years of age.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• v.54 no.5
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• pp.867-876
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• 2015

This study was intended to closely examine an effect that the level of physically challenged person's participation in community sports had on positive psychological capital. In order to accomplish the purpose of study, data on 212 physically challenged persons who lived in B city and participated in community sports were analyzed. Korean version of positive psychological capital created by Taehong Lim (2014) through the reconstruction of scales developed by Luthans, Youssef and Avolio(2007) and Sangwan Jeon and Jonghun Yang's (2009) level of participation in community sports was reconstructed through modification·improvement as measurement instrument. An exploratory factor analysis, reliability test, paired difference test, and multiple regression analysis was carried out by using SPSS 18.0 program for data processing. First, It was shown that there was a significant difference in positive psychological capital according to gender, age, and disability grade among physically challenged persons' socio-demographic characteristics. Second, it was shown that, among sub-variables (period, frequency and intensity) of level of physically challenged persons' participation in community sports, the frequency of participation and the intensity of participation had a significant effect on self efficacy. On the other hand, it was shown that the period of participation didn't have a significant effect. Third, it was shown that the frequency of participation had a significant effect on optimism. On the other hand, it was shown that the period of participation and the intensity of participation didn't have a significant effect. Fourth, it was shown that the frequency of participation and the intensity of participation had a significant effect on hope. On the other hand, it was shown that no significant effect was produced on the period of participation. Fifth, it was shown that the frequency of participation had a significant effect on resilience. On the other hand, it was shown that no significant effect was produced on the period of participation and the intensity of participation. Sixth, it was shown that the frequency of participation and the intensity of participation had a significant effect on positive psychological capital. And it was shown that no significant effect was produced on the period of participation.