• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.13-21
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• 2019

The influences of light generated by LEDs on shoot growth and photosynthesis of Tea plant(Camellia sinensis L.) were evaluated. The growth characteristics were investigated after 45 days of culture under four different light qualities: fluorescent lamp, red LED, blue LED, red+blue+white LED. Shoot growth was promoted by red light, especially root length and area were further promoted under the red+blue+white LED. Also, T/R ratio and Chlorophyll content were highest in red+blue+white. Fluor Cam was used to measure the fluorescence images of the plants, inhibition of photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm) were not changed in all treatment. However, non-photochemical quenching(NPQ) were found rapidly increasing in blue LED, these results were that blue LED were inhibit photosynthetic efficiency and must be considered for efficiently in vitro cultivation of the tea plant. The above results suggest that light qualities could be an important factor to foster in vitro growth of the species. Also, In order to produce healthy plants, it is effective to using light qualities of red+blue+white LED on in vitro culture of the tea plant. These results could be used to mass propagating shoot and produce of healthy seedling.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.111 no.2
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• pp.251-262
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• 2022

We selected a cold-tolerant tea tree (Camellia sinensis L.) through reliable evaluation using a number of cold-tolerance indicators targeting tea tree cultivars such as "Chamnok," "Bohyang," "Sangnok," and "Myungnok" in response to climate change. We conducted a low-temperature damage investigation, "Chamnok" and "Bohyang" were damaged investigated with small amounts of green and bright green. "Sangnok" and "Myungnok" were damaged investigated red and dark red at -10℃. The extent of electrolyte leakage increased as the treatment temperature decreased in all cultivars. We predicted lethal temperatures through non-linear regression analysis, finding relatively higher tolerance to low temperature in "Chamnok" (-9.344℃) and "Bohyang" (- 8.883℃) than that in "Myungnok" (-8.092 ℃) and"Sangnok" (-7.632℃). "Bohyang" showed higher levels of antioxidant activity compared to other cultivars. The lipid peroxidation reaction revealed that "Sangnok" and "Myungnok" had higher MDA content than that of other cultivars when treated at low temperatures. Consequently, predictions of the lethal temperature through non-linear regression analysis of "Chamnok" and "Bohyang" were consistent with their tolerance to low-temperature damage, and antioxidant activity and lipid peroxidation reactions were likewise consistent. The results of this study can be used not only for evaluation and selection of cold-tolerance of tea trees in response to climate change, but also in the cultivation of cold-tolerant plants.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.281-292
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• 2022

The lower elementary school grades are an important period in which eating habits are formed. We examined the relationship between eating habits and school meal intake in the lower grades of an elementary school in Seoul. The eating habits were investigated using the Nutrition Quotient (NQ) for children. The school meal intake rates and preferred menus were obtained by automatically scanning the plate before and after meals using an artificial intelligence food scanner. The average school meal intake rate for the 347 subjects was 68.5±12.2%, and the nutrient intakes through the school meals were 353.5±70.0 kcal of energy, 51.8±10.2 g of carbohydrates, 14.6±3.1 g of proteins, 10.3±2.3 g of fats, 87.0±20.0 mg of calcium, and 1.8±0.4 mg of iron. The preferred menus were rice, grilled food, and dairy products, and non-preferred menus were salad, beverages, and stewed food. The eating habits that showed a positive correlation with the school meal intake rate were 'Diverse side dishes (r=0.332, P<0.001)', 'Vegetable side dishes (r=0.166, P<0.01)', 'Kimchi side dish (r=0.230, P<0.001)' and 'Less TV watching and computer game time (r=0.105, P<0.05)'. The NQ score also showed a positive correlation with the rate of school meal intake (r=0.216, P<0.001). The balance score was positively correlated with fruit (r=0.192, P<0.001), and the diversity score had the highest positive correlation with Kimchi (r=0.362, P<0.001). The regularity score was positively correlated with fried food (r=0.114, P<0.05). In conclusion, it was found that elementary school students in the lower grades had a higher school meal intake rate when their eating habits included eating side dishes evenly, and consuming vegetable side dishes and Kimchi.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.33-43
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• 2016

Drought tolerant species from 26 Korean native plants were selected using different physiological indicators. Arundinella hirta, Solanum carolinense and Carpesium divaricatum were withered after 8days of the stopping of irrigation. Plants except Kummerowia striata, Lespedeza cuneata and Ulmus parvifolia were withered in over 80% at 9-10days of the irrigation stopping. K. striata was withered after 10days, and L. cuneata and U. parvifolia were withered in over 90% after 11days of the stopping of irrigation. As stopping experiment of irrigation, A. hirta, S. carolinense, C. divaricatum, K. striata, L. cuneata and U. parvifolia were proved to be drought tolerant species. Among those plant species, transpiration rate of Cassia mimosoides var. nomame Makino was high as 0.042ml/㎠·4hr. However, unit transpiration rate of U. parvifolia and L. cuneata were 0.005 and 0.010ml/㎠·4hr, respectively. In testing of physiological indicators, leaf area and transpiration rate were different among plant species. Unit transpiration rate of U. parvifolia was lower compared with other plant species. L. cuneata, U. parvifolia, Kummerowia striata, Arundinella hirta and C. divaricatum were high in relative water content and low in relative water loss. As this results, L. cuneata and U. parvifolia. were identified as drought tolerant species.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.51-60
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• 2016

This study was selected drought tolerant plants, by observing the physiological characteristics and biochemical materials from the 9 kinds of the Compositae plants. After selecting plants of the similar size, and then drought stress was induced by the irrigation stopping. Survival rates, chlorophyll values, relative water content(RWC), excised-leaf water loss(ELWL), proline, reducing sugar were measured after 30 days of stopping irrigation. The species that had high rates of survival were Ainsliaea acerifolia Sch. Bip, Aster koraiensis, Aster scaber, Dendranthema zawadskii(S), however other 5 species were dead. The remaining factors have been determined based on plant species showed a higher survival rate. However, chlorophyll content showed high values in A. acerifolia, A.altaicus var. uchiyamae, A. koraiensis, and will have been determined that has no correlation with survival rates, except for A. acerifolia and A. koraiensis. On the other hand, A. scaber, A. acerifolia, A. koraiensis were determined to be relatively high drought tolerant plants in RWC, ELWL, proline, reducing sugar, it showed a similar correlation with survival rate. As a result of 9 kinds of the Compositae plants A. scaber, A. acerifolia, A. koraiensis were considered relatively higher drought tolerant plants.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.671-679
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• 2010

This study investigated the perception, evaluation, and the possibility for globalizing Korean foods and Yak-sun among different nationalities of foreigners living in Korea. A survey was conducted with 171 foreigners (eastern Asian, southeastern and central Asian, European, and American). The questionnaire was composed of three parts, including perception, evaluation, and the possibility for globalizing Korean foods and Yak-sun. The reason for choosing Korean foods cited by southeastern and central Asians and Americans was "taste", whereas eastern Asians and Europeans chose "culture" and "curiosity", respectively. Americans and Europeans considered "spiciness" as a reason not to choose Korean foods (P<0.001). Regarding the possibility of globalizing Korean foods, eastern Asians and Americans/Europeans/southeast Asians and central Asians responded "Korean dining culture" and "incomprehensive menus", respectively (P<0.05). An "explanation of the menu to foreigners" was regarded as the main suggestion for globalizing Korean food. Most of the respondents understood that Yak-sun is an oriental medicinal food that provides improved health and disease prevention. A number of Europeans and Americans expressed high interest in the conceptualization of Yak-sun (P<0.001). With regard to the priority for developing Yak-sun, eastern Asians, southeastern and central Asians, and Europeans picked out "health status improvement", whereas "improved nutritional status" was manifested in the majority of the American's responses (P<0.001). Therefore, it is crucial that "localization" be applied to Korean foods and Yak-sun to meet the international standard. Furthermore, it is necessary to provide simplified and correct Korean food content information to foreigners.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.357-365
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• 2019

Purposes: This study aimed to investigate the differences in the health-related quality of life (EQ-5D) in Korean adults according to gender, age period, and the metabolic syndrome or not. Methods: The study subjects were 5,021 adults, who completed all of the KNHANES VI-2. The subjects were categorized, using life periods, into young, middle-aged, and older adults. Methods were selected based on the KNHANES VI-2. IBM SPSS 25.0 was used for a complex samples cross-tabulation, general linear model and a complex samples t-test. Results: The HRQoL (EQ-5D) was higher in male(p<.001), in the young group by age(p<.001), and in the non-metabolic syndrome group(p>.05). In condition of the metabolic syndrome by gender, the female group's EQ-5D was higher in the non-metabolic syndrome group; there was the result of the complex samples independent t-test revealed significant differences in EQ-5D(p<.01). Conclusion: The HRQoL (EQ-5D) was higher in male, young, and in the non-metabolic syndrome group. Also, in condition of metabolic syndrome in female, there was the result of the complex samples independent t-test revealed significant differences in EQ-5D.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.175-186
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• 2019

Purposes: This study aimed to investigate the differences in the prevalence of obesity according to sex and age and self-rated health in adults with metabolic syndrome according to sex, age, and the presence or absence of metabolic syndrome. Methods: The study subjects were 5,674 adults, who completed all three components of the KNHANES VI-2. The subjects were categorized, using life transition periods, into young adults, middle-aged adults, and older adults. Research methods were selected based on the research objectives of the KNHANES VI-2. IBM SPSS 23.0 was used for complex samples cross-tabulation and a complex samples general linear model analysis. Results: Obesity was prevalent in 77.2% of young male adults, 66.2% of middle-aged male, and 52.3% of older male adults with metabolic syndrome, whereas it was prevalent in 72.4% of young female adults, 73.9% of middle-aged female adults, and 64.6% of older female adults with metabolic syndrome. Men had higher self-rated health than women. As age increased, self-rated health status decreased. Those with metabolic syndrome had lower self-rated health status than those without metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: The prevalence of obesity was found to be high in those with metabolic syndrome. This study found that based on sex, men had the highest self-rated health status, and based on age, young adults had the highest self-rated health status, whereas those with metabolic syndrome had low self-rated health status.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.111-119
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• 2007

Differentiation of cells can be induced through modulation of endogenous regulators using exogenous factors. Useful transfection systems to transport a specific exogenous regulator into cell have been tried but still there are many obstacles to overcome. In this study, we examined the transfection efficiency of cell permeable peptides (CPPs) in mouse embryonic stem cell under the various conditions. To identify the CPP-mediated translocation of a protein, we employed recombinant CPP-enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). Viability of R1 cells was different between experimental groups depending on the kind of CPP and the concentration of CPP-EGFP. Translocation of CPP-EGFPs into the R1 cells was not detected until 30 min after CPP-EGFPs treatment in all groups. After 1 hr, translocation of pEP-1-EGFP-N was detected, but it could not be detected in the other group. Transfection of pEP-1EGFP-N was independent on its concentration. The time course did not show saturation even after 24 hr in pEP-1-EGFP-N. These results showed that the permeability depended on the kind of CPP and the location of His-tag in the case of examined CPPs, and did not need biological energy. On summary, the efficiency of transfection of CPP-EGFP depends on the CPP sequences but the culture time is not a key factor in transfection for the mouse embryonic stem cell. For the future studies to improve the efficiency of translocation of protein into embryonic stem cells, it is needed to develop modified CPP or mediator. The studies would be very useful to induce the differentiation of embryonic stem cells.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.98-106
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• 2003

Background : To evaluate the efficacy and safety of gemcitabine and cisplatin chemotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and Methods : Forty patients (21 men, 19 women ; age range, 37 to 73 years; median, 63 years) with unresectable stage IIIB to IV NSCLC were evaluated. Patients received cisplatin $60mg/m^2$ (Day 1), gemcitabine $1200mg/m^2$ (Day 1 and 8) every 21 days. Eighteen patients had stage IIIB disease and 22 had stage IV. There were 28 patients of adenocarcinoma (70.0%), 11 of squamous cell carcinoma (27.5%), and one of large cell carcinoma (2.5%). Results : Of 40 patients, no patients showed complete response while 15(37.5%) showed partial response, 7(17.5%) had stable diseases, 18(45%) had progressive diseases. During a total of 195 courses of chemotherapy, grade 3 or more granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia occured in 12.5% and 2.5% of patients respectively. Non-hematologic toxicity was mild and easily controlled. There was one case of treatment-related death by pneumomia. The median survival was 55 weeks (95% CI, 34~75weeks), and the time to progression was 19 weeks (95% CI, 16~23weeks). One year survival rate was 55% and 2 year survival rate was 10%. Conclusion : The efficacy of cisplatin and gemcitabine combination chemotherapy was acceptable in the treatment of advanced NSCLC.