• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.195-210
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to understand characteristics of groups vulnerable to extreme heat and to reduce mortality caused by high temperature. For this purpose, relationship between socioeconomic factors and mortality-threshold temperatures were studied. The study area was limited to Seoul (South Korea) and climate data from 2000 to 2010 was used. Our results indicate that mortality-threshold temperatures for regions with a high proportion of aging population and a low proportion of aging population are $27.6^{\circ}C$ and $27.9^{\circ}C$, respectively. It was also found that a relative size of welfare dependant population did not affect mortality-threshold temperatures. However, regions with a high proportion of aging and welfare dependant population experienced $0.7^{\circ}C$ lower mortality-threshold temperature than other regions. This implies that low income and older people in Seoul are more easily affected by high temperature. Thus, this study suggests that it needs a policy targeted to low income and aging population to decrease mortality rate caused by extreme heat.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.257-276
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• 2011

This study aimed to analyze the changes of extreme temperature indices in order to investigate impacts of urbanization on changes of extreme temperature. It was analyzed 16 indices related to extreme temperature indices to 60 weather stations in South Korea. Extreme temperature indices-related summer mostly increased, and its related to winter decreased. Percentile-based indices were clearly increased more than fixed-based indices as a tropical night. Decreasing trend of extreme temperature indices related to winter had more clear than increasing trend of extreme temperature indices related to summer. It was similar to trend that urban temperature was more clearly increased in winter than summer. Decreasing trend of indices-related daily minimum temperature had more clear than increasing trend of indices-related daily maximum temperature. Also, it was similar to increasing trend of minimum temperature had more clear than maximum temperature.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.519-528
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• 2000

본 연구에서는 지난 20세기 동안 한반도 중부 지방의 여름철 7월과 8월의 일최고기온과 일최저기온의 지역적 패턴을 조사하였다. 조사결과 연구기간 동안 여름철 일최고기온의 평균 및 일정 임계치 이상의 고온 특이일의 빈도가 감소하는 경향을 나타냈다. 반면, 여름철 일최저기온의 평균은 지속적으로 상승하여 결과적으로 이 지역의 여름철 일교차의 평균이 급격히 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 일최고기온의 감소 추세는 1950년대 이래로 진행되어온 조림사업으로 인한 삼림 임목 축적량의 증가와 관련성이 있는 것으로 추정되었다. 이 밖에도 본 연구에서는 현재의 도시화 지구온난화가 지속된다는 가정 하에 기온극값 발생빈도와 장기적인 패턴변화를 예측하는 모델을 제시하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.468-468
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• 2015

일반적으로 겨울철 강수는 기온에 따라 강우와 강설로 분류된다. 특히 기온이 임계온도보다 낮을 경우, 강수는 강설의 형태로 지표면에 도달하여 적설되어진다. 겨울철 산간에 적설된 눈은 봄철이 되어 기온이 상승함에 따라 융설(snowmelt)이 발생하여 유역의 유출에 기여한다. 이러한 융설은 기온이 영하로 내려가는 11-4월에 해당하는 갈수기에 유출량 등의 수문성분에 영향을 미치고 있다. 특히 제주유역의 경우, 고도에 따른 강수량, 기온의 차이가 매우 크므로 강설, 융설 현상의 시공간적인 발생에 대한 연구가 더욱 요구된다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 제주유역의 강설, 융설 발생의 시공간적인 평가를 위해서 융설모의가 가능한 SWAT-K를 한천유역에 적용하여, 그 결과를 분석하였다. 융설모의 이론을 검토하고, 실제 대상유역에 융설을 고려하기 위한 매개변수를 설정하고, 월별, 소유역별로 강설, 융설 발생현황을 평가하였다.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.167-173
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• 2015

This paper attempts to estimate the electricity demand function in Korea with quarterly data of average temperature, GDP and electricity price over the period 2005-2013. We apply lagged dependent variable model and ordinary least square method as a robust approach to estimating the parameters of the electricity demand function. The results show that short-run price and income elasticities of the electricity demand are estimated to be -0.569 and 0.631, respectively. They are statistically significant at the 1% level. Moreover, long-run income and price elasticities are estimated to be 1.589 and -1.433, respectively Both of results reveal that the demand for electricity is price- and income-elastic in the long-run. The relationship between electricity consumption and temperature is supported by many of references as a U-shaped relationship, and the base temperature of electricity demand is about $15.2^{\circ}C$. It is shown that power of explanation and goodness-of-fit statistics are improved in the use of the lagged dependent variable model rather than conventional model.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.272-276
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• 2004

화강암에 대한 화학적 풍화특성과 풍화 정도의 정량적으로 표현하기 위한 방법으로 조사지역의 지형자료에 기초한 습윤지수(wetness indes)를 산정하였으며, 중화속도 및 등급을 산정하였다. 습윤지수는 지형 고도를 이용하여 2-5m 크기의 격자로 구성 된 수치고도모형을 작성하여 계산하였으며 풍화속도와 등급은 Profile model을 이용하였다. 연구대상지역은 마산지역과 서부산지역으로 집수지형을 지시하는 습윤지수의 분포는 마산지역에서 다소 높은 지수 값을 보인다. 임계부하량(critical loads)에 의한 풍화등급은 마산 가포동 지역과 서부산 견마도 지역은 각각 3등급과 4등급에 해당하여 견마도 일원에서 높은 풍화 정도를 지시한다. 이와 같은 결과는 동일한 화강암 분포지의 경우에도 구성 광물의 비율과 기온과 강수량과 같은 지역적인 특성에 따라 상이한 풍화 경향이 나타남을 지시한다.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.9-17
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to select and predict optimal heatwave indices for describing and predicting heat-related illnesses. Regression analysis was conducted using Heat-related illness surveillance system data for a number of heat-related illnesses and meteorological data from the Korea Meteorological Administration's Automatic Weather Station (AWS) for the period from 2021 to 2023. Daily average temperature, daily maximum temperature, daily average Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT), and daily maximum WBGT values were calculated and analyzed. The results indicated that among the four indicators, the daily maximum WBGT showed the highest suitability with an R² value of 0.81 and RMSE of 0.98, with a threshold of 29.94 Celsius. During the entire analysis period, there were a total of 91 days exceeding this threshold, resulting in 339 cases of heat-related illnesses. Predictions of heat-related illness cases from 2021 to 2023 using the regression equation for daily maximum WBGT showed an accuracy with less than 10 cases of error annually, demonstrating a high level of precision. Through continuous research and refinement of data and analysis methods, it is anticipated that this approach could contribute to predicting and mitigating the impact of heatwaves.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.177-182
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• 2004

A chill unit has been used to estimate chilling requirement for dormancy release and risk of freezing damage. A system that calculates chill units was developed to obtain site-specific estimates of dormancy release date for grapes and evaluated in Baekgu myun near Kimje City, Chunbuk, Korea from September 2002 to March 2003. The system utilized daily minimum and maximum temperature maps generated from spatial interpolation with temperature correction for topography. Hourly temperature was temporally interpolated from the daily data using a sine-exponential equation (Patron and Logan, 1981). Hourly chill units were determined from sigmoid, reverse sigmoid, and negatively increasing sigmoid functions based on temperature ranges and summed for 24 h. Cumulative daily chill units obtained from measurements did not increase until 20 October 2002, which was used as a start date for accumulation to estimate the dormancy release date. As a result, a map of dormancy release date in the study area was generated, assuming 800 chill units as a threshold for the chilling requirement. The chill unit accumulation system, implemented using Microsoft Visual Basic and C++ (Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA), runs in the Windows environment with ArcView (ESRl Inc., Redlands, CA, USA).

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.245-263
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• 2014

This study tries to investigate the changes of mortality regarding heat waves which are usually considered as one of the most direct impacts of climate change. Based on 17 years data period (1994-2010), each city's threshold temperature and minimum mortality temperature are recognized. According to the results, minimum mortality temperature varies from 23 to $25^{\circ}C$, showing minimum temperature corresponding to $23^{\circ}C$ in Gangwondo and maximum temperature corresponding to $25.4^{\circ}C$ in Jeollabukdo and Major 7 city group. In case of threshold temperature, it ranges from 27 to $30^{\circ}C$. The cities having higher threshold temperatures tend to have large populations and vice versa. In addition, the cities having negative demographic vulnerability relatively have lower temperatures, representing correlation -0.44(p=0.06). The socio-economic-environmental vulnerability shows negative correlation with minimum mortality temperature(r=-0.36, p=0.032) and threshold temperature(r=-0.29, p=0.081). This paper represents that the number of mortality could increase rapidly and show large spatial differences in the number of mortality depending on various factors including natural, social, and economic factors of each region.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.123-133
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• 2007

Thermal spatial representativities of meteorological stations over Korea have been investigated using land surface temperature (LST) based on MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite observation. The linear regression method was used to estimate air temperatures from MODIS LST product. To compare MODIS LST with observed air temperatures at six meteorological stations, the mean values of MODIS LST with nine given window sizes were calculated. In this case, the position of centered pixel in each given window size is correspond to that of each meteorological station. We also applied $4^{\circ}C$ threshold for RMSE comparison, which is based on a analogous study on daily maximum air temperature model using satellite data. In this study, the results showed that each station has a different representativity; Deajeon $15km{\times}15km$, Chuncheon $11km{\times}11km$, Seoul $7km{\times}7km$, Deagu $5km{\times}5km$, Kwangju $3km{\times}3km$, and Busan $3km{\times}3km$.