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Effect of $GA_3$ and Light Quality on Seed Germination in Three Campanulan Plants ($GA_3$ 및 파종(播種) 후(後) 광질(光質) 처리(處理)에 따른 도라지, 더덕, 만삼의 발아율(發芽率))

  • Kang, Jin-Ho;Park, Jin-Seo;Kim, Yeong-Gwang
    • Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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    • v.5 no.3
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    • pp.169-176
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    • 1997
  • Gibberellin (GA) has been widely used to break seed dormancy for better stand establishment. The experiment was done to clarify the effect of $GA_3$ (concentration; period) and light quality (red; white; dark) after sowing on seed germination and radicle elongation of Campanulaceae (Platycodon grandiflorum; Codonopsis lanceolata; C. pilosula) to get an information on their field emergence. The germination test was carried out with 12 hours irradiation for 9 days after priming treatment. In the darkness, the mean germination rate of all the species was decreased in the order to P. grandiflorum, C. lanceolata, C. pilosula. Their mean germination rates and radicle lengths were increased with increased concentration to 0.1mM of $GA_3$. Earlier germination rate was higher but later one was less in 4-day $GA_3$ treatment than in 1- or 2-day $GA_3$ treatment. Light treatment. especially red light given after $GA_3$ treatment. eliminated the $GA_3$ treatment effect. Red light done after $GA_3$ treatment nearly blocked the germination of P. grandiflorum and C. pilosula but delayed that of C. pilosula compared to the other light quality treatments having the similar rate. In addition. the radicle elongation of all three species affected by light quality treatment showed the same result as the germination rate.

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Physioecological Characteristics and Phylogenetic Relationships Based on Multivariate Analysis on Colocasia antiquorum Schott (토란의 생리.생태적 특성 및 다변량 해석법을 통한 유연관계 분석)

  • Choi, Kyeong-Gu;Yoo, Nam-Hee
    • Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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    • v.5 no.3
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    • pp.177-185
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    • 1997
  • Twenty-four major ecological and physiolosical characters of the 54 accessions of taro(Colocasia antiquorum) were observed in the growing seasons of 1995 and 1996 in $Ch{\breve{o}}nju$, Korea. The average days to emergence of the 54 accessions were 21.7 and the accession which had the shortest days to emergence was Kurye #2. Petiole color of most accessions was green, except $Ich{\breve{o}}n$ #1, Iri #1, Puan #1 and Taiwan #1 which had purple petioles. All the accessions had cormels except Taiwan #1 which had long runners without cormels. Average yield of the accessions was 3,719 kg/10a and total carmel weight, average carmel number, average carmel and average corm weight were 787g/plant, 39.2/plant, 20.3g/cormel, and 263.6g/plant, respectively. Accessions $Ch{\breve{o}}ngju$ #1 and Wanju #1 showed superiority in the three important characters, total carmel weight/plant, average carmel weight, and corm weight. Multivariate analysis for the 24 characters indicated that petiole color and carmel type had relatively higher coefficient of variation, 56.8 and 44.4 %, respectively. Fifty four taro accessions could be classified into 11 groups with D(${\sqrt{D^{2}}$) value of 110 on the basis of phenotypical characteristics. Most accessions were inclued in Group II. The Group I in which Taiwan #1 was included was genetically the most distant from the other groups. Accessions with purple petioles were grouped into the three different subgroups in which green petiole accessions were not included, indicating high dissimilarity between the different petiole color accessions. All the accessions grouped into the Group VIII, $Ch{\breve{o}}ngju$ #1, Wanju #1, Wanju #3, and $Taech{\breve{o}}n$ #2, had higher bioogical yield. Some accessions collected from the same district showed a high dissimilarity by being classified into the different subgroups.

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Studies on the Usage of Compound Flavorings in Korea (국내의 조합향료 사용실태 조사)

  • Kim, Hee-Yun;Yoon, Hae-Jung;Hong, Ki-Hyoung;Park, Sung-Kwan;Choi, Jang-Duck;Choi, Woo-Jeong;Kim, Ji-Hye;Park, Hui-Og;Jin, Myeong-Sig;Lee, Chul-Won
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.33 no.8
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    • pp.1407-1413
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    • 2004
  • This study was performed to investigate the usage and management of flavorings inside or outside (Europe, Japan, JECFA and USA) for that establish a legislation about the flavoring management in Korea. Also, this study contributed to prevent confusion when manufacturers produce flavorings used in food industry. 6,434 among 8,386 flavorings authorized by Korea Food and Drug administration are compound flavorings, and 618 among 6,434 compound flavorings are synthetic flavorings. Many other substances except for flavorings are using as solvent in flavoring manufacture. Flavorings used in food industries of Korea are listed at least one among FEMA, JECFA, CoE and JFFMA except for isooctyl acetate and tricyclene. 493 items out of total 618 synthetic flavorings have completed safety evaluation by JECFA. 106 synthetic flavorings out of the rest listed FEMA as GRAS and 20 synthetic flavorings used in Japan. The replier answered that the most frequently used flavorings are strawberry, grape, orange, plum, lemon and vanilla flavor and that the usage of flavoring added to foodstuffs is less than 0.5%.

A Study on Developing Web based Logistic Information System(KT-Logis) (웹 기반 통합물류정보시스템(KT-Logis) 개발에 관한 연구)

  • 오상호;김태준
    • Proceedings of the Korean DIstribution Association Conference
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    • 2001.11b
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    • pp.125-141
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    • 2001
  • In this paper, the current problems of logistics industry in Korea and their possible solutions were discussed. With Korea Telecoms KT-Logis, the supplier and demander of logistics service would not have to invest large sum of money into their computer system. All they need is just a computer with internet connected. What KT-Logis influence on the logistics industry are the following; 1. Many logistics service supplier and demander can do the business on the web with one computer system. 2. This web based computer system does not only work on the office but also apply on the field worker such as delivery personnel or even the forwarder with mobile phone. 3. KT-Logis is an integrated system which cover the broad arrange of logistics management from truck management to customer relations management. 4. Finally, KT-Logis is web based systems which suits for current e-business and mobile environment. In future, more studies should be done to develop more progressive integrated logistics information systems with enterprise resource planning(ERP) and supply chain management(SCM).

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Improvement of Dispersibility of Parched Cereal Powder by Agglomeration Treatment (응집처리를 통한 미숫가루의 분산성 개선)

  • Lee, Chang-Sung;Lee, Keun-Taik
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.30 no.2
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    • pp.385-390
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    • 1998
  • The effect of agglomeration treatment was examined to prevent the parched cereal powder from clumping when it is blended with water. Parched cereal powder was composed of 66.9% carbohydrate, 7% water, 12.1% crude protein, 12.1% crude fat and 1.9% ash, respectively. Particle size of parched cereal powder was generally enlarged by agglomeration treatment. This phenomenon was confirmed by particle size analyzer and microscopic observation. The color of agglomerated sample was shown to be slightly darker than the untreated sample. The water absorption indices of agglomerated samples which were steamed for 2min and re-dried were significantly increased as compared with the untreated sample. The water solubility indices of agglomerated samples showed generally lower values than those of untreated samples. In views of quality and processing time, the optimum condition of agglomeration treatment for manufacturing well-dispersable parched cereal powder in water was 15min re-drying after 2min steaming. It is concluded that the agglomeration treatment improves the dispersibility of parched cereal powder and thus facilitates the intake of it after mixing with water.

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Optimization for the Process of Osmotic Dehydration for the Manufacturing of Dried Kiwifruit (건조키위 제조를 위한 삼투건조공정의 최적화)

  • Hong, Joo-Hun;Youn, Kwang-Seob;Choi, Yong-Hee
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.30 no.2
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    • pp.348-355
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    • 1998
  • The developments of various processed foods and the high quality dried fruits, in particular, are urgently needed for the enhancement of fruit consumption and their competitive values. Therefore, in this study, three variables by three level factorial design and response surface methodology were used to determine optimum conditions for osmotic dehydration of kiwifruit. The relationships of moisture losses, solid gains, weight reductions, sugar contents, titratable acidities and vitamin C contents depending on changes with temperature, sugar concentration and immersion time were investigated. The moisture loss, solid gain, weight reduction and reduction of moisture content after osmotic dehydration were increased as temperature, sugar concentration and immersion time increased. The effect of concentration was more significant than those of temperature and time on mass transfer. Sugar content was increased by increasing sugar concentration, temperature, immersion time during osmotic dehydration. Titratable acidity and vitamin C content were increased by decreasing temperature, immersion time and increasing concentration during osmotic dehydration. The regression models showed a significant lack of fit (P>0.05) and were highly significant with satisfying values of $R^2$. At the given conditions such as $66{\sim}69%$ moisture content, above $24^{\circ}Brix$ sugar content and more than 23 mg% vitamin C, the optimum condition for osmotic dehydration was $37^{\circ}C,\;55^{\circ}Brix$ and 1.5 hour.

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A Study on Development of Prototype Test Train Design in G7 Project for High Speed Railway Technology (G7 고속전철기술개발사업에서의 시제차량 통합 디자인 개발)

  • 정경렬;이병종;윤세균
    • Archives of design research
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.185-196
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    • 2003
  • The demand for an environment-friendly transportation system, equipped with low energy consumption, and low-or zero-pollution has been on the increase since the beginning of the World Trade Organization era. Simultaneously, the consistent growth of high-speed tram technology, combined with market share, has sparked a fierce competition among technologically-advanced countries like France, Germany, and Japan in an effort to keep the lead in high-speed train technology via extensive Research and development(R&D) expenses. These countries are leaders in the race to implement the next-generation transportation system, build intercontinental rail way networks and export the high-speed train as a major industry commodity. The need to develop our own(Korean) 'high-speed train' technology and its core system technology layouts including original technology serves a few objectives: They boost the national competitive edge; they develop an environmental friendly rail road system that can cope with globalization and minimize the social and economic losses created by the growing traffic-congested delivery costs, environment pollution, and public discomforts. In turn, the 'G7 Project-Development of High Speed Railway Technology' held between 1996 and 2002 for a six-year period was focused on designing a domestic train capable of traveling at a speed of 350km/h combined and led to the actual implementation of engineering and producing the '2000 high-speed train:' This paper summarizes and introduces one of the G7 Projects-specifically, the design segment achievement within the development of train system engineering technology. It is true that the design aspect of the Korean domestic railway system program as a whole was lacking when compared with the advanced railroad countries whose early phase of train design emphasized the design aspect. However, having allowed the active participation of expert designers in the early phase of train design in the current project has led to a new era of domestic train development and the implementation of a way to meet demand flexibly with newly designed trains. The idea of a high-speed train in Korea and its design concept is well-conceived: a faster, more pleasant, and silent based Korean high-speed train that facilitates a new travel culture. A Korean-type of high-speed train is acknowledged by passengers who travel in such trains. The Korean high-speed prototype train has been born, combining aerodynamic air-cushioned design, which is the embodiment of Korean original design of forehead of power car minimized aerodynamic resistance using a curved car body profile, and the improvement of the interior design with ergonomics and the accommodation of the vestibule area through the study of passenger behavior and social culture that is based on the general passenger car.

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Participatory Design Process for the Utilization of the Military Relocation Site - The Case of the Idea Competition for the Fukaya Communication Site in Yokohama - (군기지 이전지 활용에 관한 참여설계과정 - 요코하마 후카야 통신소 이전지 아이디어 공모사업 사례 -)

  • Park, Ji-Hyun;Son, Yong-Hoon;Tsuge, Kiharu
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.39 no.3
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    • pp.10-25
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    • 2011
  • Since 1950, the city of Yokohama has been demanding the return of US. military base sites in Yokohama. Yokohama has established a systematic utilization plan for these relocation sites. The Fukaya communication site is one of former US. military bases verified for return in 2004. The Fukaya communication site is distinctively circular in shape and is entirely national land. Yokohama took an idea competition to its citizens to create a new park at the relocation of the Fukaya communication site, involving lots of citizen opinion in its utilization goals. This study determined the process of the idea competition at the Fukaya communication site in encouraging civic participation and analyzing citizen demands for the utilization of the relocation site. Through the idea competition, Yokohama city was able to obtain several ideas on the new park from various angles such as the function and shape of the urban open spaces. Citizens showed great interest in creating a park as green infrastructure on the Fukaya communication site. In addition, beyond utilization as an urban open space, many ideas suggested new lifestyles for the region in connection with the natural environment in the vicinity. Yokohama city tried to share the process and results of the idea competition with as many citizens as it could through a variety of means such as Participation, Judging, Support, Observation and Understanding. The case study on the idea competition at the Fukaya communication site is a good example of community design practice in public projects, and is full of suggestions for military bases in Korea, which has just established the plan of utilizing relocation sites as parks. Based on this case study, it can be concluded that it is important to make a systemic form for utilization planning with a clear process, open information and partnership in a variety of participatory design processes in order to ensure maximum civic utilization of relocation sites.

Health Status and Associated Health Risks among Female Marriage Immigrants in Korea (한국 여성결혼이민자의 건강상태와 건강위험요인)

  • Kim, Hye-Kyeong;Yoo, Seung-Hyun;Cho, Seon;Kwon, Eun-Joo;Kim, Su-Young;Park, Ji-Youn
    • Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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    • v.27 no.5
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    • pp.79-89
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    • 2010
  • Objectives: This study aims to identify health status and health risks among female marriage immigrants to Korea and to provide a basis for public health strategies to address their health issues. Methods: The participants of the study were 3,069 immigrant wives. The health examination was conducted by the Korea Association of Health Promotion (KAHP) in 2008. The participants also completed self-administered questionnaires on demographic characteristics, health-related behaviors and mental health. Results: Patterns of immigrant women's health problems differed by age and country of origin. Behavior patterns also differed by their heritage, age, and years of residence in Korea. Generally Vietnamese women fell in lower ranges of disease prevalence and health risk factors in the participant group and Japanese women presented most healthy eating habits. Filipina women showed relatively high disease prevalence than any other group. Conclusion: Immigration to Korea by marriage is relatively a new phenomenon, thus continuing surveillance and research are needed to identify health risks, behavior patterns, and their relationships. Interventions and policies for the health of migrant wives, their children and families are required.

Yoo Young-kuk's Early Constructivism: Utopianism in (1937) (유영국(劉永國)의 초기 구성주의: <랩소디>(1937)에 나타난 유토피아니즘)

  • 유영아
    • The Journal of Art Theory & Practice
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    • no.9
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    • pp.93-121
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    • 2010
  • This study is about Yoo Young-kuk's early works which show constructivism, especially focus on his debut painting, for the 7th Dokuritsu Bijutsu Kyokai(獨立美術協會, the Independent Fine Arts Association) in Tokyo in 1937. The work was painted 2 years after he had started his study in Japan in 1935. It was the first painting that applied Constructivism. played an important role for Constructivism to be a leading art in his abstraction. After this picture, Yoo was soon devoted to the principles of Constructivism-- Faktura(material), Tektonika (tectonics), Tekhnika(technique), space, construction-- in his painterly reliefs. This article examined why Yoo concentrated on Constructivism for , what the characteristics were, and what influences were on other works from 1935 to 1949. In addition, I investigated in which period was painted and how Constructivism was spread in 1930s and early 1940s in chapter 2. I scrutinized Rhapsody in chapter 3. When Yoo created Japan was under the Fifteen Years War(1931-1945), and a major discourse was the Japanese Spirit at that time. It was connected with construction of an ideal nation which the Japanese ultra-national fascism pursued. This ideological pursuit was intended to unite the Japanese people for total war system and to restore a national dignity which had been fallen down due to Manchurian Incident(1931). Thus, on the hand, Kokusai Bunka Shinkokai(國際文化振興, The Society for International Cultural Relations) and the Nippon Kosaku Bunka Renmei(日本工作文化連盟, Japanese Werkbund) were supported financially by the Japanese government. On the other hand, the government enacted regulations to opposing parties which would distract Japanese people's unification. As for the Japanese art world, the merge of art groups was carried out through remodeling of Teikoku Bijutsuin(帝國美術院, The Imperial Fine Arts Academy) in 1935. This brought out continuous dispute and disorder. Young artists who felt difficulty of entering an entry of Imperial Fine Arts Exhibition repeatedly grouped and disbanded for small art groups to build their standing, which they pursued Surrealism and Abstract art. Among them Constructivism was considered as the latest trend and was popular in craft, design, architecture as well as fine arts. In the year before he painted , Avant-garde theatres including Constructivism theatre were introduced in a feature article of September, 1936 in Atelier, which was dealing with mainly avant-garde arts. Books related with Constructivism were translated into Japanese, and Gestaltung Education had become active since the publication of A Compendium of Gestaltung Education("構成敎育大系"(1934)), Salvador Dali(1904-1989) was also introduced, so Surrealism was drawn more attention by young artists. reflected popular trends. Yoo analyzed the Japanese avant-gardists' archaic taste in the Independent Art Association that he submitted his painting to. And then he entitled 'Rhapsody' which derives from Ancient Greek's epic poetry and deliberately set up images in a scene. In chapter 3, I examined a theme which was planned carefully by sorting favorite images from the Japanese Surrealism. was a result that Yoo Young-kuk observed objectively the phenomenon that young artists dreamt of Utopia or longed for Nostalgia passively and lethargically under wars. And then he otherized himself from that circumstance. First of all, for he used the typical icons of Japanese Surrealism such as the horizon, flowing clouds, and vast plain that were considered stereotypes of Arcadia. He, however distinguished himself form those Japanese Surrealists. He made his own vision about Utopia by referring Lyubov Popova(1889-1924)'s stage design. His objective point of view was expressed by positive and dynamic images of structure and human's actions. Constructivism which was attempted in had an effect on other early constructive works, and the principles of Constructivism were sought hard in reliefs, paintings, and photos.

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