• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.6-10
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• 2008

WBAN(Wireless Body Area Network)은 인체를 기준으로 하여 인체내부 및 인체로부터3미터 이내의 무선통신으로 정의하고 있다. 이에따라 WBAN은 현재 다양한 용도로 응용되고 있는데 크게 분류하면 의료용과 비의료용 무선기기로 구분할 수 있다. 즉 가전기기(Comsumer Electronics)들간 의 통신을 목적으로 하는 비의료용 분야와 인체내부에 이식되어 인체내부의 건강상태에 대한 모니터링이나 인체에 이상이 발생시 대처해 주는 인체이식형 무선기기와 인체외부 3미터 이내에서 의료용 sensor로부터 송수신하는 인체외부 기기로 구분할 수 있다. IEEE802.15.6에서 2006년 하반기부터 WBAN(Wireless Body Area Network)시스템에 대한 표준화를 진행하고 있으며, 2008년도에는 표준 제안서를 각국에서 받아 2009년도에 완료할 예정에 있다. 본 고에서는 기존 WBAN으로 사용하고 있던 무선장비들에 대한 각국의 인체내부와 외부의 주파수 분배동향을 분석한 후 WBAN표준화시 대두될 PHY/MODEM/MAC제안에 결정적 영향을 미치는 WBAN의 주파수에 대한 방향을 제시하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.345-348
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• 2012

본 논문은 만성질환 환자를 위한 인체 삽입형 시스템을 구현하기 위해서 의료용 통신 기술을 사용한 생체신호의 송수신 및 제어가 가능하며, 무선전력전송 기술을 통해 반영구적 사용을 가능하게 하는 IT융합형 인체 삽압형 시스템 플랫폼 원천기술을 개발하고 생리기능(혈당, 혈압, 심장박동 등) 감시가 가능한 이식형 융복합 시스템 기술에 관하여 분석하였다. 인체삽입형 생리기능 자동감시 시스템은 사후진단 및 치료에서 능동적인 조기진단과 예방으로 진화하고 있으며 신기술 및 융합 기술이 의료기기의 응용 범위를 더욱 확대하는 방향으로 가고 있다. 미국/유럽 등 선진국이 대부분의 시장을 차지하고 있으므로 국내개발 성공시 수입대체 효과뿐만 아니라 기술적 격차 극복을 통한 세계 시장 진출도 가능하다. 이 분야는 세계적 경쟁력을 가진 국내 IT 산업과의 강한 시너지를 통하여 복합 기술형 첨단 의료기기의 기술경쟁력을 제고하고, 진입장벽이 높은 미래 첨단산업 시장 진출에 의한 국가전략산업 육성에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.257-265
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• 2024

In this study, we applied AEC(Auto Exposure Control), which is used in many chest examinations, to evaluate whether medical devices inserted into the body affect the dose and image quality of chest images. After attaching three HIMD(Human implantable medical devices) to the ion chamber, the Monte Carlo methodology-based program PCXMC(PC Program for X-ray Monte Carlo) 2.0 was applied to measure the effective dose by inputting the DAP(Dose Ares Product) value derived from the Pacemaker and CRT and Chemoport Additionally, to evaluate image quality, we set three regions of interest and one noise region on the chest and measured SNR and CNR. The final study results showed significant differences in DAP and Effective dose. There was a significant difference between Pacemaker and CRT when AEC was applied and not applied. (p<0.05) When applied, the dose increased by 37% for Pacemaekr and 52% for CRT. Chemoport showed a 10% increase in effective dose depending on whether AEC was applied, but there was no significant difference. (p>0.05) In the image quality evaluation, there was no significant difference in image quality between all HIMD insertions and AEC applied or not. (p>0.05) Therefore, when the HIMD was inserted into the chest during a chest x ray and overlapped with the ion chamber sensor, the effective dose increased, and there was no difference in image quality even at a low dose without AEC. Therefore, when performing a chest X-ray examination of a patient with a HIMD inserted, it is considered that performing the examination without applying AEC is a method that can be considered to reduce the patient's radiation exposure.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.147-196
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• 2023

Advances in brain science have made it possible to stimulate the brain to treat brain disorder or to connect directly between the neuron activity and an external devices. Non-invasive neurotechnologies already exist, but invasive neurotechnologies can provide more precise stimulation or measure brainwaves more precisely. Nowadays deep brain stimulation (DBS) is recognized as an accepted treatment for Parkinson's disease and essential tremor. In addition DBS has shown a certain positive effect in patients with Alzheimer's disease and depression. Brain-computer interfaces (BCI) are in the clinical stage but help patients in vegetative state can communicate or support rehabilitation for nerve-damaged people. The issue is that the people who need these invasive neurotechnologies are those whose capacity to consent is impaired or who are unable to communicate due to disease or nerve damage, while DBS and BCI operations are highly invasive and require informed consent of patients. Especially in areas where neurotechnology is still in clinical trials, the risks are greater and the benefits are uncertain, so more explanation should be provided to let patients make an informed decision. If the patient is under guardianship, the guardian is able to substitute for the patient's consent, if necessary with the authorization of court. If the patient is not under guardianship and the patient's capacity to consent is impaired or he is unable to express the consent, korean healthcare institution tend to rely on the patient's near relative guardian(de facto guardian) to give consent. But the concept of a de facto guardian is not provided by our civil law system. In the long run, it would be more appropriate to provide that a patient's spouse or next of kin may be authorized to give consent for the patient, if he or she is neither under guardianship nor appointed enduring power of attorney. If the patient was not properly informed of the risks involved in the neurosurgery, he or she may be entitled to compensation of intangible damages. If there is a causal relation between the malpractice and the side effects, the patient may also be able to recover damages for those side effects. In addition, both BCI and DBS involve the implantation of electrodes or microchips in the brain, which are controlled by an external devices. Since implantable medical devices are subject to product liability laws, the patient may be able to sue the manufacturer for damages if the defect caused the adverse effects. Recently, Korea's medical device regulation mandated liability insurance system for implantable medical devices to strengthen consumer protection.