• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.77-86
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• 2013

Laboratory pullout tests were conducted to evaluate pullout performance of steel strip reinforcements with deformed steel bars as transverse members. The steel strip reinforcement has an installation hole to assemble a deformed steel bar. Jumunjin standard sand is used to form a relative density of ground model to 80%. Frictional resistance of steel strip reinforcement without transverse member increases sharply at the initial displacement and quickly decreases with displacement. Maximum frictional resistance increases linearly as normal pressure increasing, and soil-reinforcement interaction friction angle(${\rho}_{peak}$) of a steel strip reinforcement is estimated to $14.64^{\circ}$. Passive resistance increases with displacement and converge into maximum passive resistance in most cases. Maximum passive resistance increases linearly as normal pressure increasing irrespective of shape of the steel reinforcement. Pullout force of steel strip reinforcements with installation holes or transverse members largely increases about 4 to 7 times compared to frictional resistance force of steel strip reinforcements when embedment length($L_e$) of steel strip reinforcements is 500 mm. In the case of using 2 transverse members, interference effect is observed due to the spacing of 2 transverse members and location of assembly holes and transverse members.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.25 no.10
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• pp.5-15
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• 2009

This paper presents the results of full-scale uplift load tests performed on 24 passive anchors grouted to various lengths at Okchun and Changnyong site. Rock anchors were installed over a wide range of rock types and qualities with a fixed anchored depth of 1~6 m. The majority of installations used D51 mm high grade steel rebar to induce rock failure prior to rod failure. However, a few installations included the use of D32 mm rebar at relatively deeper anchored depth so as to induce rod failure. In many tests, rock failure was reached and the ultimate loads were recorded along with observations of the shape and extent of the failure surface. In addition to field tests, laboratory pullout tests were conducted to determine bond strength and bond stress-shear slip relation at the tendon/grout interface when a corrosion protection sheath is installed in the cement-based grout. The test results show that the ultimate tendon-grout bond strength is measured from 18~25% of unconfined compressive strength of grout. One of the important results from these tests is that the measured strains along the corrosion protection sheath were so small that practically the reduction of bond strength by the presence of sheath would be negligible.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.173-182
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• 2001

보강토공법이란 다양한 보강재를 흙속에 삽입하여 흙이 갖지 못하는 인장력을 보충함으로써 구조물을 안정화시키는 공법이다. 그리고 기존공법에 비해 경제적 구조물로 인식되고 있으며 또한 최근들어 전세계적으로 빈발하는 지진에도 그 저항력이 아주 큰 구조물임이 입증이 되어 현재 토목분야에서 각광을 받고 있는 공법이다. 보강토옹벽의 뒤채움재료로서 현재 우리나라에서 쉽게 구할 수 있는 화강풍화토가 많이 사용되고 있다. 그러나, 설계에 필요로 하는 이에 대한 데이터는 그리 많지 않다. 본 연구에서는 어디서나 쉽게 구할 수 있는 화강풍화토를 채취하여 대형 인발시험을 실시하였다. 인발시 흙과 보강재 사이의 상호거동을 파악하기 위하여 인발변위, 인발력, 삽입보강재의 각 지점에서의 절점변위 등을 측정하였다. 그리고 구속응력의 영향을 검토하기 위해서 이들 응력을 0.2, 0.5, 1.0kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$으로 변화시켜 실험을 행하였다. 그리고, 다짐률이 이들 상호거동에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 알아보기 위해서 다짐률을 65%, 80%m 95% 등으로 시료를 제작하여 서로 비교를 행하였다. 실험결과로부터 화강풍화토의 보강재와의 상호거동특성을 파악하여 제시하였다. 특히 다짐률은 상호거동특성에 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 드러났으며, 화강토의 경우, 꽤 큰 점착특성이 존재하고 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.15-21
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• 2013

Anchors are primarily designed and constructed to resist outwardly directed loads imposed on the foundation of a structure. These outwardly directed loads are transmitted to the soil at a greater depth by the anchors. Buried anchors have been used for thousands of years to stabilize structures. Various types of earth anchors are now used for the uplift resistance of transmission towers, utility poles, submerged pipelines, and tunnels. Anchors are also used for the tieback resistance of earth-retaining structures, waterfront structures, at bends in pressure pipelines, and when it is necessary to control thermal stress. In this research, we analyzed the uplift behavior of plate anchors in clay using a laboratory experiment to estimate the uplift behavior of plate anchors under various conditions. To achieve the research purpose, the uplift resistance and displacement characteristics of plate anchors caused by the embedment ratio, plate diameter, and loading rate were studied, compared, and analyzed for various cases.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

In this study, the large-scale pullout tests are conducted to evaluate pullout resistance of steel strip reinforcement with transverse members. The test results clearly showed the passive effect by normal stress. This suggests that both friction resistance and passive resistance by normal stress should be taken into account in the evaluation of pullout resistance for design. Therefore, The evaluation results confirmed that the developed steel strip reinforcement with transverse members depend heavily on passive resistance by normal stress.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.123-131
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• 2005

In the present study, laboratory pull-out tests with screw anchors are carried out to investigate behavior characteristics of the anchors used in foundation system of underground structures which are applied to uplifting seepage forces. Small scaled pull-out tests in sand under saturated condition and dry condition were carried out. For estimating the group effects of the anchors, the upward displacement and the pullout load varied with spacing of the anchor were observed. The test results were compared with theoretical equation for the ultimate pull-out force. Also, the result of tests can be used to the finite element analysis program, $PENTAGON^{2D}$.

• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.71-84
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• 1996

In order to investigate the influence of slanting angle of reticulated root piles(RRP) on their bearing capacities, model tests of compressive and uplift loads on RRP with different slanting angles, which were installed in sandy soils with a relative density of 47%, were carried out. Each pile which is made of a steel bar of 5mm in diameter and 300mm in length, is coated with sand to be 6.5mm in diameter. One set of RRP consists of 8 piles which are installed in circular patterns forming two concentric circles, each of which has 4 piles. Slanting angles of RRP for load tests are 0$^{\circ}$, 5$^{\circ}$, 10$^{\circ}$, 15$^{\circ}$, 20$^{\circ}$, and 25$^{\circ}$. In addition, compressive load tests on circular footing whose diameter is the same as the outer circle of RRP were carried out. Test results show that maximum load bearing capacities of RRP by regression analysis are obtained at about 12$^{\circ}$ and 13$^{\circ}$ of slanting angles for compressive and uplift load tests, respectively. Maximum compressive bearing capacity is estimated to be 13oA bigger than that of the vertical RRP and 95% bigger than that of surface footing. Maximum uplift capacity is estimated to be 21% bigger than that of the vertical RRP. And it can be appreciated that increasing the slanting angle makes the load -Settlement behavior more ductile.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.30 no.11
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• pp.61-69
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• 2014

In this study, the performance of group suction anchors installed in sand and subjected to pullout loading was investigated by numerical analysis. The group suction anchors consist of two or three units rigidly connected to each other in parallel array and the pullout resistances were compared with that of a single anchor. Parametric study was performed using numerical models to study the effect of the physical conditions of the group anchor. The parameters include the skirt length to diameter ratio of a unit suction anchor, the pad-eye location, inclination of loading and the spacing between unit suction anchors. The analysis shows that the ratios of the pullout capacity of double suction anchor and triple suction anchor to that of single anchor are 1.7 and 2.4, respectively. The ratio increases with the increase in the spacing between the unit anchors. The other parameters such as the skirt length to the diameter ratio, the location of the pad-eye and the loading inclination have negligible effect on the ratio of pullout resistances of the group anchor to the single anchor.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.367-371
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• 2005

Pile foundations are utilized when soil is so weak that shallow foundations are not suitable or point load is concentrated in small area. Such soil can be formed by the land reclamation works which have extensively been executed along the coastal line of southern and western parts of the Korean Peninsula. The working load at pile is sometimes subjected to not only compression load but also lateral load sad uplift forces. But in most of the practice design, uplift capacity of pile foundation is not considered and estimation of uplift capacity is presumed on the compression skin friction. This study was carried out to determine that the effect of embedment ratio and loading rate on uplift adhesion factor of concrete pile driven in clay. Based on the test results, the critical embedment ratio is about 9. Adhesion factor is constant under the critical embedment ratio, and decreasing over the critical embedment ratio. Also, adhesion factor is increased with the loading rate is increased.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.29 no.11
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• pp.129-138
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• 2013

In this study, Anchor Pile Precast Retaining Wall (APC) with screw shape flange was investigated and the results were arranged for designing APC specifications. Since precast materials require special care when they are manufactured, carried or treated, more accurate design and analysis of optimized dimension are needed : thus moment distribution of front foot was checked. Through full-scale field test, form and optimal stiffening shape were obtained and through fracture test with real load, applicable load was reasonably calculated. Research result in this thesis could be used as guideline or standard of designing and constructing Anchor Pile Precast Retaining Wall with screw shape flange.