• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1991.06a
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• pp.26-26
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• 1991

기관 절개술은 절대적으로 필요한 수술 방법임에도 불구하고 경우에 따라서는 매우 심각한 합병증이나 후유증을 유발하고 있어 가능한 피하는 것이 좋으며 부득이하여 시술을 하더라도 그 적절한 시기를 정하기 어려운 경우가 많다. 특히 유소아에서는 최근에 개량된 삽관튜브의 출현으로 비교적 장기간의 기관삽관이 가능해지자 기관절개술의 적용예가 많이 감소하기는 하였으나 합병증이나 후유증을 너무 우려한 나머지 기관절개술을 기피하거나 적절한 수술시기를 놓쳐 더욱 어려운 입장에 처하게 되기도 한다. 저자들은 1977년도부터 1990년까지 세브란스 병원에서 기관절개술을 시행받은 15세이하의 유소아 환자 94례에서 기관절개술의 원인 질환과 적용시기 및 합병증을 알아보고 기관삽관과의 관계를 후향적으로 조사하여 다음의 결과를 얻었다. 1. 유소아 기관 절개술의 원인 질환은 두부외상이 28례(29.8%)로 가장 많았고, 신경계 질환 17례(18%), 기도 감염 10례(10.6%)의 순이었고 그 외 선천적 기형 종양, 외상, 감염 등으로 다양한 분포를 보였다. 2.기관 절개술전에 기관삽관을 시행하지 않았던 예는 18례(19.1%)이고 기관삽관을 시행했던 예는 76례(80.9%)이며, 38례(40.4%)는 일주이내에 기관절개술을 시행하였고 12례(12.8%)는 2주이내에, 8례(8.5%)는 3주이내, 6례(6.4%)는 4주이내에 시행하였으며 12례(12.8%)는 기관 삽관후 4주이후에 기관절개술을 시행하였다. 3.기관 절개술후, 합병증은 26례(27.7%)에서 있었고 육아조직 형성이 14례(14.9%) 였고 기관 협착이 12례(12.8%)의 순이었다. 4.인공 호흡기률 사용하였던 46례(48.9%)중 14례(14.9%)에서 합병증이 있었고, 인공 호흡기를 사용치 않았던 48례(51.5%)에서는 12례(12.8%)에서 합병증이 발생하였다. 5.삽관 발거를 시행할 수 있었던 예는 47례(50%)였으며, 기관 절개술후 1개월이내에 시행한 예가 21례(16%), 6개월이내 시행한 예가 16례(17%), 2년이내에 시행한 예가 6？(6.4%)였으며 2년 이후 시행할 수 있었던 예도 4례(4.3%) 있었다. 6.기관 절개술 환자중 26례(27.7%)는 원인 질환으로 결국은 사망하였으며, 21례(22.3%)는 삽관 발거를 하지 않은 상태에서 퇴원하여 추적이 불가능하였다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.739-746
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• 1997

A variety of experiments concerning the development of ideal prosthetic grafts for correcting circumferential tracheal defects have been performed. The requirements for an ideal tracheal prosthesis are impermeability to air, consistency to prevent collapse, and acceptance by the host tissue causing a minimum inflammatory reaction, allowing fibroblastic infiltration and epithelialization. The synthetic material, polyurethane(PU), is known as a biocompatible polymer with an inert component. In this study, the tracheal prosthesis was made from microporous PU(30 micrometer in diameter) coated with gelatin and reinforced with isoplastic rings. This procedure provides the prosthesis with a compression strength. The out side diame er of the prosthesis was 20 mm with a length of 30 mm. The gelatin used in the study was obtained from pig skin and immobilized and cross-linked by irradiation(60 Co gamma ray) to promote host tissue incorporation and render the prosthesis epithelization after implantation. Animal experiments using 10 mongrel dogs were performed to compare three kinds of prosthesis; gelatin coated polyurethane graft, uncoated polyurethane graft, and prosthesisf pericadium complex graft. After 6 weeks of implantation, the epithelialization of implants was seen on the gelatin-coated and prosthesisfpericadium complex grafts. Implanted prosthesis were complicated by airway obstruction due to anastomosis granuloma. Early tracheal stenosis was found in the uncoated graft group. Two kind of anastomosis techniques were tested on the gelatin-coated prosthesis. Everted anastomosis resulted severe granuloma than the inverted anastomosis. In the prosthesislpericadium complex graft, bacteria and inflammation at a anastomotic site was found. Based on these results, gelatin coated porous polyurethane trachea prosthesis is biocompatible and may be useful in clinical application with further investigation.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.479-493
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• 2020

Outbreak of COVID-19 originated from China resulted significantly high casualties and social and economic damages. Currently the major countries see importance of accurate prediction of originating trend to prevent the spread of infectious disease and AI is actively utilized when establishing the system. Therefore this study has comprehended the status of utilizing the AI in overseas and made comparison and analysis with domestic status. It derived the necessity to establish national control tower based on One Health to respond to infectious disease to effectively utilize AI and suggested to establish higher organization, Medical Big Data Governance, to respond to the infectious disease. It is necessary to conduct further study to utilize the results and suggestions derived from this study into the policy and if the suggestions are reflected to improve institutional imperfection, it will be positively used for prevention of the spreading infectious disease and utilizing medical Big Data.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.113-122
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• 1993

Aeromonas veronii was isolated from the haemorrhagic ulcer of the snakehead that had been infected in natural condition, This bacterium was injected hypodermically into the healthy snakeheads and the effect was compared to the naturally infected fish. Both groups showed severe necrosis, falling off of epidermal tissue and hypodermal muscle. In both groups, severe histophathological changes were observed in gill, digestive tract and kidney just before death. Artificially injected fish showed necrosis of tissue in skin, gill and digestive tract from 2 days after injection. Then it showed necrosis or cell atrophy of tissue in kidney from 5 days after injection, and in liver and spleen just before death. Snakehead infected with haemorrhagic ulcer died within 9 days after infection, showing the symptom of skin damage and metabolic inhibition in respiration" digestion, excretion, etc. It was concluded that Aeromonas veronii (CA26) that was isolated from the naturally infected fish is the main bacterium causing haemorragic ulcer in the snakehead.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.417-420
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• 2010

As higher mortality rate and frequent incidence of morbidity, early surgical treatment is generally recommended for the multivalvular endocarditis. A 46-year-old female presented with high fever. Echocardiography showed the vegetation on pulmonic valve, tricuspid valve and mitral valve with a ventricular septal defect. Emergency operation was conducted due to uncontrolled infection. We present a clinical success of this rare case with review of the medical literature.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.53-62
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• 1990

The growth and developmental pattern of H. continua was observed after experimental infection of their metacercariae to chicks. The recovery rate of worms from the chicks at 1 to 28 days post-infection(PI) was 12.8% in average. The rate remained fairly high for early 4 days of infection but decreased thereafter rapidly till 28 days PI. Most of the nukes, 91.9%, were recovered from the ileum of the chicks. In metacercariae, genital organs such as the ovary, testes, seminal vesicle, seminal receptacle and genital sucker were recognizable. At one day PI Mehlis'gland appeared, and at 2 days follicular vitellaria were observed. At 3 days PI, eggs were formed in the uterine tubule and increased in number as the worm grew old. The worms reached $2,990{\;}{\mu\textrm{m}}$ in length and $525{\;}{\mu\textrm{m}}$ in width at 28 days PI. Genital organs developed rapidly in early stages of infection but slowly thereafter to 28 days Pl, whereas non-genital organs developed steadily through the infection period. It was proved by this experiment that chicks should be a moderately suitable final host of H. continua.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.97-102
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• 2011

The Multidrug-resistant Acinetobactor baumanii (MDRAB) is an opportunistic pathogen. Patients with long periods of hospital stay and/or under intensive care unit (ICU) receiving invasive management are more susceptible to this pathogen. In this report, four children with MDRAB infection are reviewed and described their clinical characteristics. There had been concurrent outbreaks of MDRAB infection in adult patients in the ICU at this period of time. The first child had received a craniotomy and epidural hematoma evacuation. The second child was admitted for status epilepticus with hydrocephalus. The third child had pneumonia with status epilepticus with hydrocephalus. The fourth child had poor activity due to hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy and convulsive disorder. Except the fourth child, all had not been exposed to carbapenem prior to infection of MDRAB. That imply the cause of MDRAB infections may be associated with invasive management and prolonged hospitalization together with the previous exposure to carbapenem in our cases. We would like to emphasize the importance and minimizing the spread of hospital infection in patients under prolonged intensive care management regardless of the use of carbapenem.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.83-89
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• 2020

Purpose: Group A streptococcus (GAS) is a common pathogen in pediatric patients and often causes acute pharyngotonsillitis and skin and soft tissue infections. In addition, bacteremia with significant morbidity and mortality can also occur. This study was conducted to describe the clinical manifestations and treatment outcomes of pediatric GAS bacteremia patients in Korea. Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective study. From January 2000 to December 2016, pediatric patients aged ≤18 years with GAS bacteremia were studied. Clinical manifestations, underlying diseases, intensive care unit stay, and antibiotic susceptibility were evaluated. Results: During the study period, 19 patients had GAS bacteremia. Ten (53%) were male, and the median age was 7.4 years (range, 0.3-17.4 years). Fourteen (74%) had chronic underlying diseases. Five (26%) were immunocompromised (leukemia and chronic kidney disease). Eight (42%) had lymphatic or vascular malformations, of which seven had lesions with signs of inflammation. Three (16%) developed pneumonia, and two of them received ventilator care. The 30-day mortality rate was 6% (1/19), and the cause of death was bacteremic pneumonia. All GAS isolates were sensitive to penicillin. Fifteen (79%) were sensitive to both erythromycin and clindamycin. Conclusions: This study identified various clinical manifestations of GAS bacteremia. GAS should be considered as a potential pathogen that can cause bacteremia and result in a serious clinical course.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.135-139
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• 1994

In the year 1992/93 leucocytozoonosis could be first diagnbosed in 87 chickens of 4 chicken farms in Honam districts. The diagnosis was confirmed by detection of the blood merozoites or gametocytes and histological finding of the schizonts from various organs with some clinical signs. Cases of leucocytozoonosis only occurred from the end of June to the middle of September. Artificial infection could be observed by means of inoculation of infected blood merozoites. The schizonts were found in the liver and cardiac muscle of the different chickens recovered from the natural infection, respectively, in September and next February. Thus the relapse or long-term infection in cold seasons might be possible. The unique gametocyte antigen polypeptide was 50.1 kD.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.47-56
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• 1989

Some biological characteristics of Centrecestus armatui were studied using albino rats as its experimental host. The metacercariae were collected from Zacco Platypus by artificial digestion method. Laboratory rats(Wistar) were fed each 100 or 200 metacercariae and sacrificed on 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 14 and 28 days after infection to recover worms of various ages. The average recovery rate was 10.7% from 82 rats. The rate decreased rather slowly for the first 8 days but showed a steep decrease thereafter. Of the worms, 35.5% were recovered from the duodenum and 62.5% from the jejunum. At metacercarial stage, body length was $293{\mu\textrm{m}}$ and body width $144{\mu\textrm{m}}$. At adult stage, the length and width reached $382{\mu\textrm{m}}$ and $214{\mu\textrm{m}}$ respectively at 14 days after infection. The testes and Mehlis' gland were recognized at metacercarial stage, whereas the ovarian anlage appeared on the 1st day of infection, seminal vesicle and vitellaria on the 2nd day, and seminal receptacle and uterine eggs on the 3rd day. Until 8 days after infection the genital organs developed continuously and the number of uterine eggs increased. The above results show that albino rats are one of useful experimental hosts for C. armatus and the worms can develop to adults in 3 days after infection.