• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.68-80
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• 2021

This study aimed to present the current status of exotic fish species, invasive species, and dominant species inhabiting the Cheonggyecheon stream. We conducted three samplings from April to October 2019. A total of 2,045 individuals from 27 species belonging to nine fish families were collected. There were five Korean endemic species (18.5%) including Coreoleuciscus splendidus, Sarcocheilichthys nigripinnis morii, Squalidus gracilis majimae, Zacco koreanus, and Odontobutis interrupta in the Cheonggyecheon stream. The dominant species was Zacco platypus (62.4%) and the subdominant species was Z. koreanus (9.8%). The length-weight analysis of the dominant species Z. platypus population showed a regression coefficient b of 3.3434 and a condition factor(k) of 0.0026, with a positive slope. The growth state of the Z. platypus population was identified as being in a very favorable condition. The Cheonggyecheon stream is considered to be an appropriate habitat for the Z. platypus population. Since the restoration, The Cheonggyecheon stream has had continuous problems due to the introduction of exotic species and invasive species and in this study, exotic species, Gyrinocheilus aymonier var.(gold type), and invasive species, Coreoleuciscus splendidus, which have not previously been reported in the Cheonggyecheon stream, appeared. Therefore, it is deemed necessary to prepare continuous publicity and management measures to prevent exotic species and invasive species from inhabiting the Cheonggyecheon stream.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.73-81
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• 2018

This study was conducted to understand the current status of the translocated species using a precede study and a model to evaluate the potential invasiveness that could adversely affect the aquatic ecosystem in the Gangneungnamdae Stream. A total of 12 translocated species were investigated and identified from 9 sites in a precede study, and steadily increased since 1982. For the study, which utilized research based on the total FISK (Fish Invasivenss Screening Kit) scores, all of the non-native fishes in Gangneungnamdae Stream were classified into two groups: namely as a high and a medium risk of becoming invasive. It was determined that there were two species (Zacco platypus and Pseudorasbora parva) that were determined to have posed the highest risk. The study determined that the mean scores were shown to have ranged from $3.06({\pm}0.16)-3.42({\pm}0.13)$. Consequently, the habitat analysis showed that the determined QHEI (Qualitative Habitat Evaluation Index) values in the stream averaged 146 (88-171), indicating that an optimal habitat condition did exist in that locale. It can be inferred that compared to land use in the surrounding watersheds, the QHEI values and frequency of translocated species showed the lower the altitude of stream, the QHEI values were decreased and in case of land use pattern, a noted decreased forest and grassland area, and gradually increased urbanized area was seen to exist in the region. The correlation between the fish assemblage, QHEI, land use pattern of surrounding watershed and number of translocated species was identified and analyzed when the stream altitude decreased, and the number of species was increased (r= - 0.782, p=0.0127), the number of species was decreased (r= - 0.737, p=0.0234), and finally when the QHEI values were decreased, it was noted that the urbanized area was increased (r=0.292, p=0.446). In the case of the number of translocated species, when the number of translocated species was increased, the associated urbanized area was increased.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.196-196
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 일본 다마천 자갈사주의 식생 이입 과정을 조사하고, 과도한 식생 이입에 영향을 미치는 하상토의 특성과 수리적 특성을 분석하여 자갈사주의 복원을 위한 방안에 관하여 조사하였다. 다마천 자갈사주는 넓게 분포하였던 자갈하천(white river)에 버드나무 등의 식생이 과다하게 성장하여(green river), 이를 억제하기 위한 대책을 수립하여 시행하였다. 또한 이곳에 서식하는 고유종(야생 국화)를 복원하기 위한 연구도 진행되었다. 다마천 자갈사주 식생번무의 원인으로, 자갈과 모래 채취, 하천 개수, 상류의 댐과 보의 축조를 들 수 있으며, 자갈사주를 복원하기 위한 종합적인 연구계획이 수립되어 사업이 시행되었다. 복원 대책으로 홍수터를 파고 모래톱 복원, 상류로부터 자갈과 모래 공급, 저수로 확장, 과다 성장한 버드나무나 아카시아 벌목, 표토 제거를 계획하였으며 이를 시행하였다. 모래톱은 성긴 조약돌로 포설하였으며, 다양한 높이로 조성하여 침수 빈도를 다양하게 변화시켰다. 가장 높은 모래톱은 5년 빈도로 하였다. 자갈사주의 복원 및 관리를 위한 모니터링 그룹도 발족하여 현재 자갈사주의 복원 모니터링이 진행 중이며, 이를 바탕으로 체계적이고 계획적인 복원 사업이 진행되고 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.767-771
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• 2012

남강댐은 평지에 위치하여 댐 높이가 낮고 댐운영 수위의 편차가 작기 때문에 계획홍수위 아래 완경사 비탈면이 갈수기인 3월부터 5월 사이에 장기간 노출되어 5월 전후에 발아하는 식생 특히, 버들류가 이입, 성장하여 대규모 군락을 이루고 있다. 현재 형성된 대규모의 버들류 군락은 댐수질을 악화시킬 뿐만 아니라 자기솎음질(self-thinning)에 의해 고사한 버들류의 유목으로 인하여 댐운영에 많은 애로를 초래하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 버들류 군락 형성과 댐운영수위와의 상관관계를 도출하여 버들류를 적절하게 제어할 수 있는 댐운영 방안을 마련하기 위한 기초자료로 활용하고자 하였다. 따라서, 버들류의 이입시점을 명확히 파악하기 위하여 현재의 남강댐 건설 직후인 1979년, 2003년 2010년의 항공사진과 수심측량에 의한 지형도를 이용하여 버들류 군락의 확장 경향을 분석하였다. 또한, 버들류의 이입시점을 명확히 파악하기 위하여 방형구를 설치하여 버들류의 밀도 및 흉고직경을 조사하고, 성장추에 의한 수령을 조사, 분석하였다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 남강댐 연안대에 분포하는 버들류는 총 17종이며, 출현빈도가 높은 종은 선버들(Salix nipponica), 버드나무(Salix nipponica), 왕버들(Salix gracilistyla), 등으로서 선버들(Salix nipponica)이 우점종인 것으로 조사되었다. 남강댐 연안대에 분포하는 버들류의 수령을 조사한 결과 수령은 약 9년~10년, 흉고직경 10~15cm, 수고 7~8m인 것으로 조사되었다. 댐운영수위와 버들류의 수령을 분석한 결과 2002년 5월 댐수위 38.5~41.0m 일 때 연안대의 수면부근에서 1단계로 이입, 정착한 것으로 보이며, 2004년 및 2005년 5월경에 댐수위 36m일 때 2단계로 이입, 정착하여 현재 대규모 군락을 형성한 것으로 추정된다. 남강댐 버들류 군락의 형성은 버들류의 발아기에 댐수위 부근의 습지에서 발아환경이 최적인 온도와 저토환경에서 일시에 이입, 성장한 것으로 보인다. 따라서, 남강댐과 같이 평야부에 위치한 댐에서 댐운영 및 댐수질에 영향을 미치는 버들류를 제어하기 위해서는 버들류의 발아기에 댐운영 수위를 최대한 높여 현재의 버들류 군락에 의하여 발아, 성장이 불가능하도록 하거나 아니면 댐운영 수위를 낮추어 발아해도 홍수기 동안 장기간의 침수에 의하여 고사되도록 하는 댐운영 방안을 마련해야 할 것이다.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.86-94
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• 2002

This study was carried out to identify the relationship between naturally introduced vegetation on the abandoned coal mine lands and the surrounding forest, and to select the indigenous tree species for the revegetation of the real mine lands in Taeback, Kangwon Province, Korea. The apparent species in the surrounding forest of Sododong were 9 species of tree layer, 13 species of subtree layer, 23 species of shrub layer and 23 species of herb layer, respectively. The dominant species in Sarijae were 6 species of tree layer, 15 species of subtree layer, 31 species of shrub layer and 25 species of herb layer, respectively. The plant species in the abandoned real mine land were 31 species in Sododong and 30 species in Sarijae, respectively. The number of plant species in the abandoned coal mine land was smaller than the surrounding forest. The common species of the coal mine lands and the surrounding forest were 6 species(Betula schimidtii etc.) in Sododong and 4 species(B. costata etc.) in Sarijae. It was considered that the species in the coal mine lands introduced from the species of top layer in the surrounding forest. Especially, B. costata in Sarijae showed the edge effect which regenerates the vegetative community from the boundary area of coal mine land and surrounding forest. Natural revegetation in Sododong was also progressing by the invasion of tree species in surrounding forest, such as B. schmidtii. Consequently, natural revegetation in the disturbed coal mine lands may be related to the species composition of the surrounding forest.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Environment and Ecology Conference
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.152-155
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• 2009

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.299-304
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• 2005

Laboratory culture of the native kelp Kjelimaniella crassifolia and the introduced species Laminaria japonica in east coast of Korea were compared at each stage of their life cycles. In the zoospore stage, L. japonica grows optimally at a water temperature of $15{\~}20^{\circ}C$ achieving $95\%$ spore release in 24 hours, whereas K. crassifolia requires 48 hours to achieve $90\%$ spore release in these conditions. Good growth of gametophytes occurred at $10^{\circ}C$ and $15^{\circ}C$ in both species. L. japonica grows optimally under high light intensity ($80{\~}120{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}s^{-1}$) while K. crassifolia grows best under low light intensity ($40{\~}60{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}s^{-1}$). Growth of juvenile sporophytes of L. japonica was good in various water temperatures ($10{\~}20^{\circ}C$) and light levels ($40{\~}120{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}s^{-1}$) while K. crassifolia grew to optimal blade length only under specific conditions ($10{\~}40{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}s^{-1}$). While the optimal culture conditions for K. crassifolia were more constrained than those of L. japonica which tolerated a wide range of water temperatures and light intensities, the laboratory culture conditions for both of these species reflect the natural environment in which these species are found.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.94 no.4 s.161
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• pp.226-235
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• 2005

The burned pine forest may change into the grassland with bushes. However, it is likely that forest insects immigrated from the adjacent forest may be temporally abundant in the burned forest. This study was conducted to observe the immigration of insects for a year since forest fire. Beetle fauna in burned forest was compared with that in unburned forest in Goseong in Gwangwon province where the big fire was occurred and burned 3,762 ha of forest in 1996. The 381 individuals of 60 beetle species was collected from the burned forest, whereas the 370 individuals of 63 beetle species from the unburned forest. There was no difference in abundance and species richness of beetle fauna between burned forest and unburned forest. Most of abundant beetle species were collected from burned forest as well as unburned forest. Seasonal occurrence of the insects in burned forest were similar to those in unburned forest. These indicate active immigration of insects in burned forest in early season after fire. The beetles dwelling on vegetation were more actively immigrated into burned forest compared with those foraging in ground.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.334-342
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is conducted to examine the change of flora and fauna in the extensive rooftop green area from 2005 to 2009. The experimental site is on the rooftop green area of Seoul Women's University which was constructed in 2005. This research was consisted of four parts: soil, potted plants, invading plants and small animals especially insects. The plants were surveyed by enumeration, while animals were surveyed by two methods which are 'Netting and Searching' and 'Pit fall trap'. The initial group of plants planted in 2005 was 100 species of 26 families whereas in 2009 there were 62 species of 23 families including 22 invading species of 11 families. In case of insects in 2009, 21 species of 7 families (9 orders) were detected; 19 species of 15 families (8 orders) were discovered by 'Netting and Searching' and 5 species of 5 families (5 orders) by 'Pit fall trap'.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.105-115
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• 2009

The naturalized plants in the Byeonsanbando National Park were listed 88 taxa composed of 24 families, 65 genus, 83 species and 3 varieties and 2 forms by field survey. The naturalized plants divided into pattern by survey of annual plants ratio is 38 taxa (43.2%) by life form spectrum and perennials is 28 taxa (31.8%), biennials is 19 taxa (21.6%), two trees (Robinia pseudoacacia, Ailanthus altissima) and one shrub (Amorpha furticosa) were founded. According to analysis results form place of origin, Europe covered 26 taxa (37.1%), North America covered 23 taxa (32.8%). Naturalized degree 3 plants, as common but not abundant, founded as 28 taxa (31.8%) were hold most highly ratio, naturalized degree 1 plants founded as 8 taxa (9.1%) were hold lowest. Introduction period 1 covered 39 taxa (44.3%) have had highest score and period 2 covered 16 taxa (18.2%) have had lowest scores. In addition, the urbanization index based on 271 taxa was 32.5% and Ambrosia artemisiaefolia is growing by ecosystem disturbing wild plants. Meanwhile, Ambrosia artemisiaefolia have confirmed into district of introduction in the Byeonsanbando National Park were damage the human body of plants develop an allergy to pollen. Therefore, management counterplan of the sequel of monitoring them might be required, introduction into naturalized plants are grasp of ecological characteristics and systematical management plan from this point of time by require.