• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.921-932
• /
• 2015

We proposed a new scoring system on software vulnerabilities, which calculates quantitatively the severity of software vulnerabilities. The proposed scoring system consists of metrics for vulnerability severity and scoring equations; the metrics are designed to measure the severity of a software vulnerability considering the prevalence of the vulnerability, the risk level of the vulnerability, the domestic market share of the software and the frequency of the software. We applied the proposed scoring system to domestically reported software vulnerabilities, and discussed the effectiveness of the scoring system, comparing it with CVSS and CWSS. We also suggested the prospective utilization areas of the proposed scoring system.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2009.07a
• /
• pp.967_968
• /
• 2009

For lighting application, high-power LED nowadays is driven at 350mA and a sensing resistor is used to provide feedback for LED-current regulation. This method adds an IR drop at the output branch, and limits power efficiency as LED current is large and keeps increasing. In this paper, a power efficient LED-current sensing circuit is proposed. The circuit does not use any sensing resistor but extracts LED-current information from the output capacitor of the driver. Controlling the brightness of LEDs requires a driver that provides a constant, regulated current. In one case, the converter may need to step down the input voltage, and, in another, it may need to boost up the output voltage. These situations often arise in applications with wide-ranging ""dirty"" input power sources, such as automotive systems. And, the driver topology must be able to generate a large enough output voltage to forward bias the LEDs. So, to provide this requirements, 13W prototype Buck-Boost Converter is used.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.26 no.6
• /
• pp.877-888
• /
• 2002

Price is a product attribute, which is determined by the function of the producing cost and profit. It is also identified as one of the most important components of the marketing mix. For consumers, price is an always-existing cue, definite evaluation criteria, and easily accessible information in the purchasing process. Considering the concept of the clothing-price in a comprehensive perspective encompassing economic, psychological and marketing perspectives, a theoretical model was developed. The model includes souses and dimensions of price perception and related behaviors. Souses of price perception were: the actual retail price at selling point, the internal reference price and external reference price. The dimensions of price perception included sacrifice perception, economic value perception, inference, savings perception and price as information perception. Clothing price related behaviors that flowed these dimensions were: low price consciousness, value for money consciousness, price-quality inference, price-prestige inference, sale proneness and price mavenism. An empirical study was conducted to validate the theoretical model. A questionnaire was developed and data were collected from 680 adult women living in Seoul, Korea. Confirmatory factor analysis as well as exploratory factor analysis results showed that theorized price related behaviors were successful classifications.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.26 no.6
• /
• pp.889-900
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study was; to investigate consumers'selection criteria for their trade area when purchasing apparel products; to study whether there is a difference on the importance of the selection criteria; to examine consumers'willingness to visit specific trade area according to the types of apparel products. Four hundred sixty-nine female consumers who lived in the two new towns, Bundang and Ilsan participated in the study by completing questionnaires. Data were analyzed using factor analyses, t-tests, paired t-teats and chi-square analyses. The results indicated that consumer selected trade area based on shop variety within trade areas and range of products, customer services, environment of trade area, price level, entertaining features of the trade area, and the convenience of location and shopping time. In addition, the importance of these criteria varied according to the types of apparel products(i.e. formal wears and casual wears). The types of apparel products had influence on consumers'willingness to visit specific trade area. Consumers preferred the trade areas in the new towns for purchasing formal wears, whereas they frequented the trade areas in Seoul for purchasing casual wears.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.889-902
• /
• 1997

During the past three decades, there have been drastic changes in many fields in Korea. Social and economic changes which occurred meantime have influenced clothing expenditures of Korean consumers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of clothing expenditures and its determinants in Korea during the period of 1965 to 1993. In particular, the impacts of income and price on clothing expenditures were examined using data from the National Acccounts published by the Bank of Korea as well as Urban Household Economy Survey published by the Bureau of National Statistics. Per-person consumption expenditures for clothing and shoes (CSX) in permanent price generally increased in accordance with the increase of income since 1965. From 1978 to 1984, however, there was a slight decrease in clothing expenditures in spite of the continuous increase in income, due to the depression of national economy. The proportion of CSX in total consumer spendings has decreased continuously since 1978. In recent years, CSX take only 5% of national aggregate consumption expenditures, while consumption expenditures of urban consumers is 8%. The expenditures for traditional clothing and fabrics for home- sewing decreased most. The results of this study should provide a broader view of the pattern of clothing consumption by Korean consumers. Moreover, the findings can suggest how social and economic changes of a society affect consumers' clothing expenditures.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.25 no.6
• /
• pp.552-559
• /
• 1997

Fe (III) impurities in clay could be microbially removed by inhabitant dissimilatory Fe (III) reducing microorganisms. Insoluble Fe (III) in clay particles was leached out as soluble reductive form, Fe (II). The microorganisms removed from 10 to 45% of the initial Fe (III) when each sugar was supplemented to be in ranges of 1 - 5 % (w/w; sugar/clay). The microorganisms reduced 2.1 - 12.8 mol of Fe (III) per 100 mol of carbon in sugars metabolized when sugars such as glucose, maltose, and sucrose were used as sole carbon source. Bacillus sp. IRB-W and Pseudomonas sp. IRB-Y were isolated from the enrichment culture of the clay. The isolates were considered to participate in metabolizing organic compounds to fermentative intermediates with relatively little Fe (III) reduction at initial Fe (III) reduction process. By the microbial treatment, the whiteness of the clay was increased form 63.20 to 79.64, whereas the redness was obviously decreased form 13.47 to 3.55. This treatment did not cause any unfavorable modifications in mineralogical compositions of the clay.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.37 no.4
• /
• pp.408-412
• /
• 2009

A study on the screening and isolation of microorganism was performed for the removal of main malodor, such as ammonia, produced from the livestock farm. The main malodor components in livestock farm are ammonia, volatile fatty acids, sulfur compounds and trimethylamine. Damages to man and livestock were originated from malodors mainly due to ammonia, and thus ammonia reduction experiments were performed. Sludge of sewage treatment plant was inoculated in the sesame dregs culture, from which ammonia gas was produced. An aerobically grown, pure cultured isolated from the 10th enrichment culture was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing and identified as Alcaligenes sp. NS-1. This strain NS-1 precultured in the sesame dregs was found to remove ammonia gas with an efficiency of approximately 99-100% at an average concentration of 40 ppmv of ammonia gas. When the strain NS-1 sprayed to pig excrements, the removal efficiency at an average concentration of 100 ppmv of ammonia was approximately 60% after 16 hr.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.159-171
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this research is to analyze the difference of Structural Equation Model which shows the path between BRQ and its performance variables according to purchase product types-fashion brand types, clothing item groups. The subjects were women in their 20s to 40s living in Seoul and Metropolitan areas, and 482 copies of questionnaire were analyzed. Multi-Group Analysis of AMOS 5.0 Package was used to investigate structural equation model according to fashion brand types and clothing item groups. The results of this study were as follows. As for fashion brand types, there appeared to be significant differences between high price brand type and medium-low price brand type for three paths, namely brand satisfaction to brand loyalty, BRQ to brand attitude, and brand attitude to brand loyalty. However the verification of structural equation model according to clothing item groups showed no significant differences between formal wear and informal wear. Consequently, BRQ was proved to affect brand satisfaction and brand loyalty, and brand satisfaction was the important intermediate variable between BRQ and brand loyalty. As consumers were likely to show the difference of structural equation model according to the price of purchase goods, differencial marketing strategy would be suggested.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
• /
• 2006.05a
• /
• pp.218-221
• /
• 2006

High reliability and minimization of operating cost are important problems for both engine-manufacturer and user in operation of gas-turbine engine, for which various performance diagnostics including a fault identification have been a major issue nowadays. Performance estimation in the off-design conditions, however, encounters problems of large errors and of poor convergence because of much required data to be evaluated. In this study, a diagnostics code of engine performance has been developed by using GPA(Gas Path Analysis). Quantitative performance deterioration of the turbo-shaft engine for SUAV has been estimated with altitude variation and is compared with that obtained by GSP code.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
• /
• v.31 no.5
• /
• pp.438-449
• /
• 2004

With the growing deployment of network and internet, the importance of security is also increased. But, recent intrusion detection systems which have an important position in security countermeasure can't provide proper analysis and effective defence mechanism. Instead, they have overwhelmed human operator by large volume of intrusion detection alerts. In this paper, we propose an efficient alert analysis system that can produce high level information by analyzing and processing the large volume of alerts and can detect large-scale attacks such as DDoS in early stage. And we have measured processing rate of each elementary module and carried out a scenario-based test in order to analyzing efficiency of our proposed system.