• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.399-406
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 생강과 황금 건조 분말의 급여가 모돈의 유질과 자돈의 면역력에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 수행하였다. 공시동물은 2산차 F1 임신모돈 24두를 이용하였다. 시험사료는 대조구(CON) 사료에 생강건조분말(GDP)과 황금건조분말(SDP)를 0.3 % 대체하여 분만 전 30일부터 이유 21일까지 시험사료를 급여하였다. 모돈 혈청에서 항산화력과 IgG는 처리구간에 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 초유에서 항산화력은 처리구가 대조구보다 높은 수치를 나타내었지만, 처리구간의 유의적 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 초유의 IgG 함량은 GDP구가 다른 처리구에 비해 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(P<0.05). 초유의 유성분 함량에서, 단백질 함량은 GDP구가 다른 처리구에 비해 유의적으로 높게 함유하였다 (P<0.05). 지방과 유당 함량은 처리구간에 유의적 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 초유의 아미노산 조성은 SDP구가 다른 처리구에 비해 각각의 아미노산 함량이 유의적으로 높게 나타났다. 0일령과 21일령에서 자돈 혈청의 항산화력은 처리구간에 유의적 차이를 나타내지 않았지만, 다른 구에 비해 GDP구가 높은 함량을 유지하였다. IgG 함량은 0일령에서는 측정되지 않았고, 21일령에서는 GDP구가 다른 구에 비해 유의적으로 높은 함량을 나타내었다(P<0.05). 이상의 결과로, 생강 건조분말은 초유의 IgG 함량과 자돈 혈청 IgG 함량을 개선시키는 효과가 확인되어 모돈 사료의 유질개선용으로 활용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

본 연구는 충남 당진군소재 대규모 양돈장에서 2007년 7월 1일부터 2008년 6월 30일까지 762복의 후보모돈에 대한 실내 외 돈방별 사육환경이 초산차 번식 및 이유형질에 미치는 효과를 조사 분석하여 양돈농가의 모든 생산성 향상을 위한 기초 자료를 제공하고자 실시하였으며, 그 연구한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 실내 외 사육장소간에는 유의한 차이없이 서로 비슷한 임신기간으로 각각 116.11일과 116.12일로 나타났다. 분만율은 운동장사육 후보돈에서 92.54%로 군사방 후보모돈 91.57% 보다 약간 높은 경향이었으나, 두 집단간에 유의성은 없었다. 2. 총산자수는 운동장사육 모돈 10.44두, 군사돈방 모돈 9.46두와 포유개시두수는 운동장사육 모돈이 9,77두, 군사돈방 모돈이 8.59두로 조사되었다. 운동장사육 후보모돈에서 군사돈방 후보모돈 보다 총산자수는 0.98두, 그리고 포유개시두수는 1.18두로 유의하게 양호한 성적을 보였다(p<0.001). 3. 사산수(율)는 운동장 후보모돈이 0.22두(2.10%), 군사돈방 후보모돈이 0.33두(3,53%)로 운동장사육 후보 모돈이 유의하게(p<0.01) 양호하였다. 운동장사육 후보모돈과 군사돈방 모돈의 도태두수는 각각 0.23두(2.27%)와 0.26두(2.77%)로써 서로 비슷한 성적을 보였다. 그리고 미이라 발생두수에서도 운동장과 군사돈방이 각각 0.21두(2.0%)와 0.28두(2,29%)로 사육 돈방간에 유의성 없이 비슷한 결과를 보였다. 4. 이유두수는 군사돈방보다 운동장에서 사육한 후보모돈이 1.22두가 유의적으로(p<0.001) 높은 성적을 보였다. 이유일령은 운동장과 군사돈방에서 각각 22.39일과 23.21일로써, 군사돈방 후보모돈보다 운동장 사육 후보모돈에서 유의적으로 짧았다(p<0.001). 자돈 이유육성율은 운동장과 군사돈방 후보모돈에서 각각 97.13%와 96.65%로 두 사육집단간에는 유의성 있는 차이는 없었다. 이상의 결과를 보면 군사돈방에서 사육한 후보모돈보다 운동장사육 후보모돈이 초산차의 번식능력이나 이유성적 등이 비교적 양호한 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.367-371
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• 2001

Multiplex PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to detect and differentiate between porcine circovirus (PCV) type-I and the PCV associated with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). Unique DNA product to PCV type-II was confirmed the some organs including lymph nodes, tonsil and spleen from eight pigs in Jeju by multiplex PCR. In this study, the samples were tested by a multiplex PCR assay to determine the type of PCV in each case; all cases were PCV type-II positive. PCV type-II was identified not only in typical PMWS cases, but also in field cases submitted with various clinical histories, some of which were not suggestive of PMWS. Immunohistochemically PCV type-II antigen was detected in macrophage-like cells in the tonsil, liver, lymph nodes and spleen, while some hepatocytes and renal tubular epithelial cells were also positive to the virus. This study suggested that PCV type-II is one of the causative agents of PMWS as well as the major type of PCV in the affected pigs in Jeju.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.359-370
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• 1997

This study was carried out to Investigate the biochemical characteristics, antibiotic susceptibility, serogroups and pili producibility test of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC) isolated from piglets with diarrhea in Kangwon province from March to October 1996. 1. Sixty eight E coli strains were isolated from 72 piglets with diarrhea and the biochemical and cultural reaction were compared with the classification criteria of Edwards and Ewing. 2. The serogroups of 26 isolates were classified as 08 : K87 6(8.8%), O20 : K1O1 4(5.9%), O141 : K85 4(5.9%), 09 : K103 : P987 3(4.4%), O45 : K 2(2.9%) 0139 : K82 2(2.9%), O64 : $K^{-}$2(2.9%), O149 : K91 1(1.5%), O157 : K88ac 1(1.5%) and O115 : $K^{-}$1(1.5%), respectively. 3. In antibiotic susceptibility test, the isolates showed high susceptible to Ak, Eno, Na, Gm, Am and Km, whereas resistance to Tc, Sm and Cf. 4. Sixty one strains(89.7%) of 68 I coli Isolates were resistant to one or more drugs. The isolates resistant to 2 and 3 or more drugs were 60.3% and 19.1%, respectively. Amog the 16 multiple resistant patterns, Sm Tc(11.5% ), Cf Sm Tc(11.5% ), Cf Cp Sm Su Tc(9.8% ) and Cf Cp Sm Su Tc(8.2%) patterns were frequently observed. 5. MRHA of guinea pig erythrocytes was detected in 9 out of 26 OK serotype and 9 out of 42 unidentified serotypes. MRHA titers of serotypes showed from 16 to 32 in O141 : K85 and no titers in O139 : K82. 6. By the GM1 ganglioside ELISA, $\beta$-, $\alpha$-, and $\gamma$-hemolysin producing strains was detected as 36, 6, and 5 from heat labile enterotoxin(LT) of 47 ETEC, respectively. The distribution of LT toxin from 112 isolates was showed $\beta$- hemolysin, 2 isolates $\alpha$-hemolysin and 3 isolates $\gamma$-hemol-ysin from 26 OK serotypes.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.575-578
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• 2020

The plasma cortisol of nurserypigs was examined using an outdoor efficacy testwith a digital content-based approach in animal welfare convergence types. Nine nurserypigs,without discriminating between female and male, were classified into 2 groups of 3 pigs each: control and group 1 (effect+nature), control and group 2(effect+nature+music). The control group was the same for group 1 and 2 to compare the effects using a t-test. There was no significant difference in plasma cortisol levels between the control group and group 1 until 4 h after stress induction. However, significant differences were subsequently found between the control group and group 1 from 8 h to 72 h (p<0.05). Further, plasma cortisol was not affected in group 2 at 0 h through 8 h and 72 h. At 12 h through 48 h, group 2 showed a reduction in plasma cortisol level compared to the control group(p<0.05). These results indicated that after stress induction, applying effect plus nature or effect plus nature plus music can effectively decrease plasma cortisol levels in nursery pigs within8 h through 72 h and may serve as a better model for digital content-based approach in animal welfare convergence types.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.175-185
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• 2007

This study was carried out to investigate the pathogenesis and pathogenicity of the porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) Korean isolate from weaned pigs. Twenty four weaned pigs, PCV2, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and porcine parvovirus (PPV) antibodies free, were allocated to 4 groups (n = 6). Six pigs were inoculated intranasally with PCV2 alone, 6 with PCV2 and PRRSV, 6 with the combined PCV2/PRRSV/PPV inoculum, and 6 were remained as a uninoculated negative control. Pigs were killed 3 and 6 weeks after inoculation and tissue samples examined for gross and microscopic lesions and for the presence of PCV2 antigens and nucleic acids. Experimentally inoculated pigs were evaluated for 3 considerations: 1. development of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), 2. distribution of viral antigens by immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and 3. cytokine mRNA levels in lymph nodes. Pigs inoculated with PCV2/PRRSV/PPV showed typical clinical signs, gross findings, and histopathologic characteristics of PMWS. In the PCV2/PRRSV/PPV inoculated group, the PCV2 antigen was widely distributed in various parenchymal organs such as brain, spinal cord, tonsil, lymph nodes, lung, heart, liver, kidney, spleen, and peyer's patch. Lymph node mRNA expression of IL-$1{\alpha}$, IL-2R and IL-8 was determined by real-time PCR. The pigs of PCV2/PRRSV and PCV2/PRRSV/PPV inoculation group, the mRNA expression was characterized by a decrease of IL-$1{\alpha}$, IL-2R and IL-8. The decrease of cytokine mRNA represent the state of T cell immuno-suppression in pig, and nicely support the evidence for the impairment of immune system in pigs with PMWS. In conclusion, PCV2 infection and some additional infectious causes such as PRRSV and/or PPV are warranted for the presence of PMWS in weaned pigs in Korea.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.173-186
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• 2000

This experiment was carried out to investigate the tendency of incident diseases in pre- and post- weaning piglets which ages were 1 to 7 weeks old by laboratory diagnosis and in order to minimize death in preweaning piglets and of stunted growth in postweaning piglets. The result of this experiment used as the basic data for the preventive programs in pre- and post- weaning piglets and were as follows: 23 different diseases diagnosed in 331 cases were studied in relation to age, season, and etiology. The most prevelent diseases of pre- and post- weaning piglet were Colibacillosis(79 case, 23.9%) and the major diseases were Salmonellosis(44 cases, 13.3%), Anemia(37 cases, 11.2%). Unknown viral disease(20 case, 6.1%), Rota viral infection(19 case, 5.8%), Porcine reproductive & respiratory syndrome(PRRS; 15 case 4.5%), Transmissible gastroenteritis(TGE; 12 case, 3.6%). The gastrointestinal disease, such as Colibacillosis, Salmonellosis, Swine dysentery, Clostridial infection, Rotaviral infection, TGE, Porcine epidemic diarrhea(PED) and Ballantidiosis occured pro- dominently in the period of pre- and post- weaning, which were 178 cases(53.8%) and not related to occurrence according to age and season. The respiratory diseases were Atrophic rhinitis(AR), Swine enzootic pneumonia, Pneumonic pasteurellosis, Pleuropneumonia, Branchopneumonia, PRRS and which were 48 cases(14.5%) and higher prevalent in spring and summer. The viral diseases was 73 cases(22.1%) that occurred in the period of 5 weeks piglet and prevalent mainly in spring. The bacterial diseases were 188 cases(56.8%) that were not related to occurrence according to age and season. Salmonellosis was prevalent in 3 to 5 weeks piglet and mainly occurred in summer. Viral septicemia and rotaviral infection occurred after 5 weeks piglets intensively and 3 to 5 weeks, respectively. And the both occurred without relation with season. PRRS occurred after 4 weeks piglet and prevalent in summer. TGE occurred 1 to 7 days old piglets and prevalent in spring and winter. Hematologic values of anemia was decrease in number of Red Blood Cell, concentration of Hemoglobin and Hematocrit. Amikacin, cephalothin, colistin, norfloxacin were effective to E coli, and amikacin, cephalothin, nortloxacin, neomycin were effective to Salmonellra spp. but clindamycin, erythromycin, penicillin, sulfonamides were resistant to E coli and Salmonella spp.

• 한국축산식품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국축산식품학회 2005년도 제36차 추계 학술발표대회
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• pp.111-114
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• 2005

1. 증체량 이유자돈 시부터 비육돈 완성기간까지 비육 전체 기간동안의 증체량은 다음과 같이 분석되었다. 처리별 암컷의 증체량은 생봉독처리 2구에서 99.08kg으로 가장 높았고, 생봉독처리 1구에서 99.08kg, 무처리구에서 95.88kg, 생봉독처리 3구에서 93.50kg 순으로 최고치와는 5.58kg의 차이를 보여주었으며 대조구와는 3.2kg 증체량이 높아 3.3% 증체율이 높았다. 거세돈에서의 처리별 증체중은 생봉독 처리 2구에서 102.23kg으로 가장 높았고, 다음은 생봉독처리 1구에서 101.79kg, 무처리구에서는 88.96kg, 생봉독 3처리구에서는 95.76kg의 순으로 나타냈다. 따라서 최고치와 최저치의 차이는 6.47kg으로 유의한 수준차(p<0.05)로 나타났으며 대조구보다는 3.2kg의 증체량 차이로서 암컷과 같은 수준으로 나타났다. 2. 사료효율 비육 전체기간 동안의 처리별 암수간 평균 두당 사료섭취량과 사료효율은 다음과 같다. 암컷의 평균 사료효율은 생봉독 처리 1구에서 2.55로 처리구중에서 가장 우수하였고, 다음은 생봉독처리 2구와 대조구에서 2.56으로 동일하게 분석되었으며, 생봉독 3처리구에서 가장 저조한 2.62의 순으로 분석되어 사료효율 0.07 차이로 2.3%의 차이를 보여주었다. 발육성적이 가장 높은 생봉독 2처리구에서는 255kg의 사료를 섭취하여 2.54의 최적의 사료효율을 보여주어 사료 효율면에서도 생봉독 2처리구에서 가장 경제성이 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 3. 육성율 및 생산지수 폐사수는 생봉독 처리 3구에서 2두(자웅 각 1두)가 발생하여 육성율 95%로 처리구중에서 가장 저조하였고, 다음은 대조구 1두가 발생하여 육성율 97.5%를 보여주었는데 비하여 생봉독처리 1구와 2구에서는 폐사돈이 발생하지 않아 육성율 100%를 보여주었다. 생산지수는 대조구를 100으로 기준하였을 때 생봉독처리 2구에서 107.87로 가장 우수하였으며, 생봉독 처리 1구에서 106.22, 가장 저조한 처리구는 폐사수가 많은 생봉독 처리 3구에서 94.73으로 나타내었다. 이상과 같이 생봉독 처리 2구에서 가장 우수한 생산효과를 나타내었다. 4. 생산성 향상 효과 처리별 대조구(100) 대비 사료섭취량은 생봉독 처리 3구에서 97.22로 가장 낮았고, 기타 처리구는 1.19${\sim}$1.59의 처리를 보이고 있는데 비하여, 대조구(100) 대비 증체율에서는 생봉독 처리 2구에서 103.30으로 3.30%가 높았다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.341-352
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• 2011

Colibacillosis in pigs remain a major swine industry bruden worldwide. Although some progress has been made in treating collibacillosis in pigs by using biosecurity and antimicrobials, it still remain a considerable problem. The use of host-specific bateriophages as a biocontrol is one possible alternative. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of bacteriophage against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) K88 infection in piglets. Twenty-eight piglets were randomly divided into four groups and each group was allocated with 7 pigs. Group B, C and D were inoculated with 5 ml of ETEC K88 ($1{\times}10^8$ CFU/ml) per head of piglet via oral. Group C and D were fed with bacteriophages (Group C, $1.0{\times}10^6$ PFU/g; Group D, $1.0{\times}10^8$ PFU/g; CJ CheilJedang Corp., Korea) orally as treatment. In piglets administrated bacteriophages and challenged with ETEC K88 (Group C and D), Clinical signs and the growth performance were improved and antibody titers were maintained low level compared with piglets challenged with ETEC K88 (Group B, P<0.05). Group B were shown high pH in the alimentary tracts compared with other piglets (P<0.05). In quantitative analysis by real-time PCR, the results of Group C and D were lower than those Group B in faecal and intestinal samples (P<0.05). Severe villus atrophy and crypt hyperplasia were observed in Group B consequently V/C ratio increased, compared with other piglets. These results indicate that feeding with bacteriophage has effect to prevent ETEC K88 infection in piglets and suggest that use of bacteriophage can be considered a valid antibiotic alternative.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.141-149
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• 2018

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of multi-enzyme on growth performance, intestinal morphology, and nutrient digestibility of weaned pigs. A total 36 weaned pigs ($5.92{\pm}0.48kg\;BW$; 28 d old) were randomly allotted to 2 dietary treatments (3 pigs/pen, 6 replicates/treatment) in a randomized complete block design. The dietary treatments were a typical diet based on corn and soybean meal (CON) and CON with 0.1% multi-enzyme (Multi; mixture of ${\beta}-mannanase$, xylanase, ${\alpha}-amylase$, protease, ${\beta}-glucanase$, and pectinase). Pigs were fed their respective diets for 6 wk. Measurements were growth performance, morphology of ileum, apparent ileal digestibility and apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, and energy of weaned pigs. There were no significant differences on growth performance during overall experimental period. No differences were found for the morphology of ileum and nutrient digestibility between CON and Multi groups. Therefore, the results in the current study indicated that multi-enzyme supplementation in diets had no effects on growth performance, intestinal morphology, and nutrient digestibility of weaned pigs.