• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.41 no.7
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• pp.607-612
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• 2017

Recently, additive manufacturing (AM) technology, also known as 3D printing technology, has attracted attention as an innovative production method to fabricate functional components having complex shapes with saving materials. In particular, a fabrication of poly lactic acid (PLA) parts through a fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique has attracted much attention in the medical field. In this paper, an experimental study on the identification of dominant process parameters influencing mechanical properties of PLA parts fabricated by the FDM process is conducted, and their optimal values for maximizing the mechanical properties are obtained. Three process parameters are considered in this research, namely, layer thickness, a part orientation and in-fill. It is known that thin layer thickness, part orientation diagonal to the tension direction, and full in-fill are optimal conditions to maximize the mechanical properties.

• Journal of Korean Academic Society of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.127-138
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• 2014

Purpose: The objectives of this study were to analyze the state of hospital-based home care (HC) services annually and to provide basic information for research and policy regarding home care. Methods: This study is a secondary analysis of the yearly state of HC services from the Health Insurance Review & Assessment Services from 2007 to 2012. Results: The decreased by 34.6%, from 214 agencies in 2007 to 140 in 2012. The annual average number of active home care nurses was 440, which included 6.7% of the licensed home care nurses until 2012. The annual average number of HC patients were 32,000, and this number decreased by 21% in 2012, compared to that of 2008. Of the HC patients, about 70% were over 60 years of age. The chronic diseases among HC patients have been decreasing steadily since 2007. Seventy to eighty percent of the home visits were made in general hospitals or higher level hospitals. The total medical cost for HC services was 21 billion won in 2007, which consisted of 0.06% of the national medical costs, and it was 22 billion won and 0.03% in 2012. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, further research on HC services is necessary to frame policies for the expansion of HC agencies.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.55-63
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is analyzes the violate behavior the Parking Area for the handicapped and monitor the management problem, therefore presents the improvement alternatives of it. We use the field interview survey method by visiting the government office of cities of 16, commercial facility, housings, medical centers, cultural and sports facilities, express highway rest area. We visited the 50 places and interviewed the 227 violating persons. As a result, violate behavior is divided into the not attachment of sticker on parking possibility and not accompaniment with walking disabled person. We presented the improvement alternatives for the lawful usage of the parking area for the handicapped. First, We have to magnify a recognition and a advertisement about the parking area for the handicapped. Second, We have to improve a management of expense, manpower and civil complains, etc. We have to prepare the legal revision which strengthens the concrete punishment for a violate behavior improvement.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.41-63
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• 1993

본(本) 연구(硏究)의 목적(目的)은 남북한(南北韓) 통화(通貨)의 구매력(購買力)을 상품가격(商品價格) 및 단위비용(單位費用)을 이용해 직접 비교(比較)해 보고자 하는 데 있다. 연구결과(硏究結果)에 따르면 북한(北韓)의 공식가격 및 공식임금을 이용하는 경우 남북한(南北韓) 통화(通貨)간의 구매력(購買力) 차이는 현재 북한(北韓)이 국제무역에서 통용하고 있는 상업환율(商業換率)보다 높게 나타나고 있다. 그러나 이 결과가 실제적으로 북한통화(北韓通貨)의 구매력(購買力)을 대변해 준다고 보기는 어렵다. 무엇보다도 현재 북한(北韓)에서의 가격(價格) 및 임금(賃金)이 실제적인 수요(需要) 공급상태(供給狀態)를 반영하기보다는 정부에 의해 낮게 책정되기 때문이다. 북한통화(北韓通貨)의 구매력(購買力)이 이 논문에서 공식가격(公式價格)을 이용해 얻은 결과보다 낮다는 것은 일부 품목을 암시장가격(暗市場價格)으로 대치해 얻은 결과를 통해서 확인할 수 있다. 또한 다른 사회주의(社會主義) 국가들의 체제전환(體制轉換) 경험에 비추어 볼 때 북한통화(北韓通貨)의 실제구매력(實際購買力)은 현재 상업환율(商業換率)이 나타내는 것보다도 작을 것으로 추측된다. 이 논문의 또 다른 실증결과(實證結果)는 남한(南韓)과 북한(北韓)의 가격구조(價格構造)가 상당히 다르게 나타나고 있다는 것이다. 북한(北韓)에서는 미가공식료품(美加工食料品), 주거비(住居費), 보건(保健) 의료(醫療) 등이 남한(南韓)에 비해 상대적으로 저렴(低廉)한 반면 가공(加工)된 식료품(食料品), 가구(家具) 및 가사용품(家事用品), 피복(被服) 신발 등은 상대적으로 남한(南韓)에 비해 높은 가격이 유지되고 있다. 이러한 남한(南韓)과 북한(北韓)의 가격구조(價格構造) 차이(差異)는 경제성장(經濟成長) 및 사회변화(社會變化)에 따른 차이가 일부 있기도 하지만 북한체제(北韓體制)에서의 인위적(人爲的)인 가격책정(價格策定)에 의한 가격구조(價格構造)의 왜곡(歪曲)으로 인한 차이가 상당히 큰 것으로 짐작된다.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.227-235
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• 2015

In order to tackle healthcare expenditure problems that affects a crucial part of government finances world-wide, m-Health emerged as a solution. However, recent poor outcomes of m-Health led to the need for reform in m-Health services. Therefore the purpose of this research is to propose a solution for efficient vital data transmission and storing in m-Health environment as part of such initiative. Methods included development of an efficient system and algorithm for vital data. For results, the compression ratio of the proposed solution was compared and evaluated. Results showed a compression ratio of 30.4. The proposed system is envisioned to contribute to the future vital data monitoring system in m-Health.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.21-27
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• 2016

Big Data is gathering all the attention from every business community. Pervasive use of machine-to-machine (M2M) applications and mobile devices bring an explosion of data. By analyzing this data, the private and public sectors can benefit in the areas of cost reduction and productivity. The Korean government is actively pursuing Big Data initiatives to promote its usage. This paper aims to select industries which fit for the development of Big Data with a verification of the experts. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is applied to systematically derive the opinion of more than 50 professionals. Medical / welfare, transportation / warehousing, information and communications / information security, energy, the financial sector have been identified as promising industries. The results can be utilized in developing Big Data best practices thus contributing industrial development.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.426-429
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• 2006

A distributed healthcare monitoring system prototype for clinical and trauma patients, was developed, using wireless sensor network node. The proposed system aimed to measure various vital physiological health parameters like ECG and body temperature of patients and elderly persons and transfer his/ her health status wirelessly in Ad-hoc network, to remote base station which was connected to doctor's PDA/PC or to a hospital's main Server using wireless sensor node. The system also aims to save the cost of healthcare facility for patients and the operating power of the system because sensor network is deployed widely and the distance from sensor to base station was shorter than in general centralized system. The wireless data communication will follow IEEE 802.15.4 frequency communication with ad-hoc routing thus enabling every motes attached to patients, to form a wireless data network to send data to base-station, providing mobility and convenience to the users in home environment.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.31-38
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• 2019

Objectives: To identify the cost effectiveness of early dementia diagnosis using the 2014 Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service-National Patients Sample (HIRA-NPS). Methods: The medical costs of dementia between Western medical care and Korean medical care were compared through the reimbursement and non-reimbursement item code for dementia examination. In addition, the medical expenses of patients with dementia and mild cognitive impairment were compared and analyzed with respect to Western and Korean medical care. Results: There were 87,434 claims, of which 16,101 patients were diagnosed with dementia and 38,680,789,560 won was found to be the medical expenses. 12,881 patients (80.0%) with dementia, 3,144 patients (19.5%) with mild cognitive impairment, and 76 patients (0.5%) progressing from mild cognitive impairment to dementia. The proportion of medical expenses was 97.6% for dementia patients, 2.3% for mild cognitive impairment, and 1% for patients progressing from mild cognitive impairment to dementia. 86,070 claims (98.4%) were from Western medical care, with16,824 patients (98.2%), and the medical expenses was 38,546,895,400 won (99.7%). 1,361 claims (1.6%) were from Korean medical care, with 303 patients (1.8%), and the medical expenses was 133,894,160 won (0.3%). Conclusions: This study compared and analyzed the medical costs of dementia patients and the diagnosis of both Korean and Western medical care. The results of this study are expected to be used as basic research data for investigating cost effectiveness of developing early diagnosis of dementia.

• Journal of Korean Academic Society of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.36-50
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the status quo of hospital-based home care utilization in Korea from 2008 to 2017. Methods: Data from a total of 1,396 medical institutions, 350,390 patients, and 3,563 home care nurses were analyzed using claim data from the Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service. Results: The number of hospital-based home care agencies decreased from 177 in 2008 to 115 in 2014. This number started to increase in 2015 and reached 179 in 2017. The number of hospital-based home care patients declined from 35,056 in 2008 to a low of 26,848 in 2013. This number started to increase in 2014 and reached 67,863 in 2017. Essential hypertension was the most common disease among hospital-based home care patients from 2008 to 2015. The number of hospital-based home care visits declined from about 500,000 in 2008 to a low of 362,000 in 2013. This number started to increase in 2014 and reached 658,000 in 2017. Conclusion: It is necessary to vigilantly monitor hospital-based home care agencies, patients, and the utilization of services. This may help establish platforms for providing community and home-based nursing services for the super-aged society in Korea.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.71-82
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to estimate incomes and costs of the medical clinics by using secondary data. Methodology: The medical incomes and costs were estimated from 405 clinics operated by sole practitioner providing out-patient services among all clinics subject to the Medical Cost Survey on National Health Insurance Patients in 2017, excluding dental clinics and oriental medical clinics. The incomes and costs of the medical clinics were reflected with incomes and costs of health insurance benefits and were calculated by types of medical services (i.e., basic care, surgery, general treatment, functional test, specimen test and imaging test). The costs were classified as follows: labor costs, equipment costs, material costs and overhead costs. Secondary data was used to estimate the incomes and costs of the medical clinics. For allocation bases for costs for each type of the medical service, the ratio of revenue from health insurance benefits by types of medical services was applied. However, labor costs were calculated with the activity ratio by types of medical services and occupations, using clinical expert panel data. Finding: The percentage of health insurance income for all medical income was 73.1%. The health insurance cost per clinic was 401,864 thousand won. Labor cost accounted for the largest portion of the health insurance income was 191,229 thousand won (47.6%), followed by management cost was 170,018 thousand won (42.3%), materials cost was 35,434 thousand won (8.8%), and equipment costs was 5,183 thousand won (1.3%). Practical Implications: This study suggests a method of estimating incomes and costs of medical clinic services by using secondary data. It could efficiently provide incomes and costs to assess an appropriate level of the health insurance fee to the clinics.