• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.39 no.2 s.116
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• pp.187-197
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• 2006

A mathematical modeling program called Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN (HSPF) developed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency(EPA) was applied to the Yongdam Watershed to examine its applicability for loading estimates in watershed scale. It was run under BASINS (Better Assessment Science for Integrating point and Nonpoint Sources) program, and the model was validated using monitoring data of 2002 ${\sim}$ 2003. The model efficiency of runoff was high in comparison between simulated and observed data, while it was relatively low in the water quality parameters. But its reliability and performance were within the expectation considering complexity of the watershed and pollutant sources and land uses intermixed in the watershed. The estimated pollutant load from Yongdam watershed for BOD, T-N and T-P was 1,290,804 kg $yr{-1}$, 3,753,750 kg $yr{-1}$ and 77,404 kg $yr{-1}$,respectively. Non-point source (NPS) contribution was high showing BOD 57.2%, T-N 92.0% and T-P 60.2% of the total annual loading in the study area. The NPS loading during the monsoon rainy season (June to September) was about 55 ${\sim}$ 72% of total NPS loading, and runoff volume was also in a similar rate (69%). However, water quality was not necessarily high during the rainy season, and showed a decreasing trend with increasing water flow. Overall, the BASINS/HSPF was applied to the Yongdam watershed successfully without difficulty, and it was found that the model could be used conveniently to assess watershed characteristics and to estimate pollutant loading in watershed scale.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.55-64
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• 2015

Wind turbine market is showed height growth rate of about 30% for year, and is increasingly growing. Total rate of domestic wind turbine installation is showing share of 0.2% of the global market that is 380MW. However, wind turbine installed in domestic are foreign product more than 90%. Similarly, Datalogger of pretest system for ocean wind turbine plant installation has been leaked huge cost to abroad by mostly abroad company product. In this paper, we proposed pretest weather resource measurement system for efficiency and investment cost cutting of wind turbine construction work. Preset weather resource measurement system is ocean weather resource measurement datalogger based on wireless communication(wifi) that have consist of hardware and software(wind rose) that is able to monitoring as datalogger of wireless bridge and battery state, wind direction, wind speed, temperature, humidity, radiation around weather tower and is able to analysis of measured data.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.13-21
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• 2001

The characteristics of $Co^{2+}$ removal in the kaolinite column were analyzed by electrokinetic remediation. Ethanoic buffer was injected in the kaolinite column and $CH_3$COOH was continuously added to the cathode reservoir to restrain the pH increase. The pH of the cathode of the kaolinite column was 4.0 at first. Since it was controlled to be under 6.5 after 43.6 hours due to ethanoic buffer, precipitation of ${Co(OH)}_2$ was not formed in the column. Effluent rate increased with time and $Co^{2+}$ removal in the column at initial time was mainly controlled by ion migration. 13.1% of total $Co^{2+}$ in the column was removed after 10 hours, the 46.8% of total $Co^{2+}$ after 20.8 hours, and the 71.7% of total $Co^{2+}$ after 30.1 hours, the 94.6% of total $Co^{2+}$ after 43.6 hours, Meanwhile, the residual concentrations in the column calculated by the developed model were similar to experiment results.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.206-211
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• 1999

Mixed-bed ion exchange performance was studied experimentally with variations of cation to anion resin ratio, resin weight and temperature at ultralow sodium chloride solution concentrations of less than $1.0{\times}10^{-4}M$. Analyzing the effluent concentration histories the performance test was examined as a function of tested solution volume for a laboratory-scale continuous flow column until both the cation and anion-exchange resins were exhausted. Initial leakage was observed for both cation and anion breakthrough curves, but serious at cation breakthrough curve because of low selectivity coefficient. The slope of breakthrough curve was affected by selectivity coefficient and temperature. The slope of anion breakthrough curve was steep because of the large selectivity coefficient, and ion exchange rates increased as temperature increased. The temperature effect decreased as the total volume was increased or as the resins were exhausted.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.1925-1935
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• 2014

Initiatives for balanced growth are centered on urban centers and strictly based upon focused areas and quantitative economics, and thus have rather facilitated the urbanization while deteriorating rural areas' competitiveness. Although huge supports have been made by the central government to address this issue, the effects are very low, due to the limitation of top-down approaches. Recently, however, the demand of differentiated policies for rural communities increases while the necessity of diagnostic index tailored for individual municipalities is also highlighted. The present study investigates diagnostic indices discussed in the preceding studies and derives optimum ones suitable for rural area evaluation. To this end, an index pool was constructed and a set of indices was developed through experts interview and factor analysis. It is expected that the indices help planners effectively diagnose rural areas, and contribute to expand the applicability of 'Customized Diagnostic Technologies.'

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.51 no.7
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• pp.585-597
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• 2018

This study aims to investigate the variation of water quality and discharge under the condition of climate change and Best Management Practices (BMPs), which is one of the reduction methods for non-point source pollution. Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model is applied to case in Cheongmicheon watershed. The coefficients required for SWAT model were calibrated using SWAT Calibration and Uncertainty Program. Climate change is considered by using Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios, RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5. It is known from simulation results that the non-point source pollutant increases under the climate change scenario assuming worse condition. It is also found in this study that an appropriate application of BMPs is able to reduce the quantity and temporal variation of non-point source pollutant effectively.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.492-492
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• 2017

강수량은 지상에 내린 물의 총량으로 홍수 및 갈수량 산정에 있어서 유출특성을 파악하는데 중요한 자료이다. 부정확한 자료 및 수문분석기법에 의한 수자원량의 추정은 수공구조물의 설계 시과소 또는 과다 설계로 문제를 가져올 수 있으며, 수리 수문분석시스템의 효율적인 운영에 많은 지장을 초래하게 될 수 있다. 특히 강수량자료를 기초로 하는 홍수예보 및 갈수예보 모형들은 그 입력치인 강수량자료의 정확도가 큰 비중을 차지하게 된다. 강수량은 면적 강수량을 대표할 수 있는 위치에서 관측되어야 점 강수량을 면적 강수량으로 환산하는데서 발생하는 오차를 최소화 할 수 있다. 최근 강수 특성은 과거에 비해 시공간적으로 매우 불규칙해졌으며, 특히 짧은 지속시간 동안에 많은 양의 강우가 집중되고 있다. 강수량조사망은 이와 같은 강수 특성 변화를 충분히 반영할 수 있어야 한다. 강수 특성을 반영하여 수문조사, 홍수예보, 강우레이더에 활용하기 위해서는 기존 강수량조사망에 대한 재평가가 선행되어야 하며, 재평가된 결과를 토대로 강수량조사망을 설계하여야 한다. 또한 강수량관측소는 그 자체에 여러가지 오차를 내재하는데, 이는 바람의 영향, 증발, 주변 환경 변화 등 다른 여러 가지 오차들이다. 이러한 오차의 발생을 최소화하기 위해서는 관측시설의 유지관리가 매우 중요하다. 강수량자료의 품질 문제를 최소화하여 강수량자료의 품질을 향상시키기 위해서는 기존 강수량관측소 및 운영현황에 대한 명확한 고찰이 선행되어야 하며, 기존의 강수량조사망에 어떠한 문제점 등이 내포되어 있는지에 대한 객관적인 평가를 통하여 수문조사, 홍수예보, 강우레이더 활용에 적합한 강수량조사망 구축이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 영산강홍수통제소 관할 유역의 강수량관측소 67개소를 조사 평가하여 수문조사, 물관리, 강우레이더의 활용에 필요한 강수량조사망을 구축하였다. 이에 따라 신설 강수량관측소는 14개소가 필요한 것으로 나타났으며, 이 경우 평균 시강수량의 추정 불확실도가 0.2 이상인 영역은 19.3 %에서 10.6 %로 줄어들며, 연평균 강수량의 추정 불확실도가 0.2 이상인 영역은 9.0 %에서 4.7 %로 줄어드는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 강수량조사망 구축에 필요한 강수량관측소 설치, 위치선정, 배치 등에 관한 기준 및 유지관리에 필요한 사항을 제시하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.472-472
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• 2023

In this study, the transport of pollutants was analyzed using the K-River and K-DRUM coupling model for water pollution accidents that occurred in the Nakdong River water system. In Korea, the necessity of a distribution model that accommodates the water circulation process and the importance of nonpoint pollution sources were emphasized in water quality management after the introduction of the total amount of water pollution. Therefore, in order to reflect the runoff characteristics of nonpoint sources, the K-DRUM distribution model, which can analyze pollution in the basin, was used. And the reproducibility of the model was improved by applying the operating rules of dams operating in the Nakdong River system. In addition, in order to analyze the movement of pollutants in the river, only the advection part of the advection-dispersion equation was applied to the 1D hydraulic model K-River to perform pollutant tracking. As a result of water pollution analysis, the peak concentration of the pollutant was underestimated, but the arrival time and the trend of the overall pollutant concentration were well reproduced.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.316-328
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• 2023

In this study, the characteristics of nonpoint pollutant outflow and contribution rate of pollution in Songya-stream mainstream and tributaries were analyzed. Further, water pollution management and improvement measures for pollution-oriented rivers were proposed. An on-site investigation was conducted to determine the inflow of major pollutants into the basin, and it was found that pollutants generated from agricultural land and livestock facilities flowed into the river, resulting in a high concentration of turbid water. Based on the analysis results of the pollution load data calculated through actual measurement monitoring (flow and water quality) and the occurrence and emission load data calculated using the national pollution source survey data, the S3 and S6 were selected as the concerned pollution tributaries in the Songya-stream basin. Results of cluster analysis using Pearson correlation coefficient evaluation and Density based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) technique showed that the S3 and S6 were most consistent with the C2 cluster (a cluster of Songya-stream mainstream owned area) corresponding to the mainstream of Songya-stream. The analysis results of the major pollutants in the concerned pollution tributaries showed that livestock and land pollutants were the major pollutants. Consequently, optimal management techniques such as fertilizer management, water gate management in paddy, vegetated filter strip and livestock manure public treatment were proposed to reduce livestock and land pollutants.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2011

Water budget analysis in the groundwater system was conducted in order to understand water budget distributions in the ground water system in Geum-gang watershed. The annual amounts of precipitation, runoff, evapotranspiration, dam storage change and water supply over the sub-watershed in Geum-gang watershed were evaluated the residual groundwater from 2002 to 2006, based on the water budget considering inflow and outflow. Then we are able to expect residual groundwater of each sub-basin. According to the result of study, the year 2003 and 2006 were recorded the highest and the lowest precipitation value, respectively. Average run-off percentage against precipitation was 60.44%. Annual evapotranspiration in each of years didn't show the remarkable variations but the values were high in the lower reaches of the basin. The residual waters in Geum-gang basin were determined to be 133.36 in 2002, 77.64 in 2003, -19.40 in 2004, -82.25 in 2005 and -128.07 mm in 2006. The residual water in Geum-gang basin was high in the main and up stream such as Maepo. Also the residual water showed low distributions in Nonsan and Seokhwa.