• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.736-742
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• 1996

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of the lactoperoxidase (LP) system on the acid production of gel type yogurt. The LP system was activated by adding freshly prepared solutions of 1 ppm (v/w) lactoperoxidase and three different concentrations (0.125 mM, 0.25 mM, 0.5 mM) in equimolar ratios of KSCN and $(H_{2}O_{2}$, In 0.25 mM treated samples for the 4 hr fermentation resulted in titratable acidity of $0.4{\%}$, pH of 5.06, lactic acid bacterial count of $3.0{\times}10^{8}\;CFU/ml and acetaldehyde concentration of 10.2 ppm, whereas the untreated samples were 1.0%, 4.54, $4.7{\times}10^{9}\;CFU/ml and 18.0 ppm, respectively. The residual amount of KSCN in 0.25 mM treated samples was determined during the experiments, which decreased to 4.4 ppm. There was no detectable $(H_{2}O_{2}$ for 6 hr fermentation. However, residual KSCN and $(H_{2}O_{2}$ concentrations in 0.5mM treated samples were 5.7 and 8.4 ppm, respectively. These results have indicated that the optimum concentration of $(H_{2}O_{2}$ and KSCN to activate the LP system was 0.25 mM each.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.228-235
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• 2002

Mastitis is the most costly disease results in lost milk production, decreased milk quality, milk discard, early culling of cows, drug costs and labor costs in dairy cow. Until now, a antibiotic administration at the end of lactation, dry cow therapy has been known the most effective and widely used mastitis control method. However, dry cow therapy do not control a new infection in the late dry and prepartum period because dry cow products have only persistent activity in the early dry period. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate clinical effect of sustained released biodegradable cephalexin microsphere using PLGA in bovine mastitis control during dry period. PLGA has been approved as controlled drug release system because of non-toxic, non-tissue reactive and bioerodible characteristics. This study revealed that cephalexin microsphere had a spherical shape with characteristic porous structure on the surface. Also, in vitro drug release studies are clearly observed that the release rate of cephalexin from PLGA microsphere decrease during the first 21 days after initial burst and then increase again between 3 and 4 weeks showing pulsatile releasing pattern. On the other hand, as tried in field the new infection rate, cure rate and mean SCC after parturition in cephalexin microsphere infused group were significantly differenced as compared to the control group. Accordingly, a sustained release of cephalexin from a biodegradable microsphere could make dry cow therapy more efficiently by preventing a new infection and decreasing the number of existing infection of mammary gland during dry period.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.431-439
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• 2013

This thesis is to research the before and after changes of physical configurations, blood components and physical strength for normal and geriatric diseased senior citizens at the end of 24 week of combined exercises constructed of aerobic and muscular strength training to create most suitable and effective complex exercise program for geriatric diseased patients. For this experiment 20 normal and 20 geriatric diseased patients in the age of 65 residing in "K" city were selected to carry out the 24 weeks of combined exercises in regularly. The result of the research showed that geriatric patients increased significantly in everything, but normal group showed significant change in only WHR. There was a slight improvement in the blood components for the average participants but it only differed slightly from the diseased participants so there were no major changes reflecting the outcomes from both before and after. After concluding the program both groups displayed positive improvements in stamina but no significant alterations in physical strength., agility, muscle endurance and balance. The positive factors for each groups could be that the norms were able to maintain their health and enhancement in stamina and diseased were able to prevent their condition from worsening. Additionally, over 50 percent of all senior citizens have one or more geriatric diseases but the participation of any physical activity is in the decrease. Henceforth, this is a field that still needs a lot of work and combined exercise programs should be created and followed through so it may enhance in the improvement of health and quality of life as well.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.24-30
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• 2012

Naehanyuchae and Youngsanyuchae were originated from the cross between "Erra(female)" and "Tower(male)". The cultivars were made at Bioenergy Crop Research Center, National Institute of crop science, Rural Development Administration, Korea in order to develop the high cold tolerant and yielding rapeseed variety with non-erucic acid and non-glucosinolate as good seed quality indicator. The superiorities of these varieties have been shown through the regional performance trials and demonstration farmers fields. Naehanyuchae and Youngsanyuchae had good agronomic characteristics related to yield potential such as many valuable branches and pods, and long pod length. The seeds of these new varieties composed of the 80% of oleic acid and linoleic acid without erucic acid, and glucosinolate was not extracted in the oil cake. The average grain yields increased by the from 16% to 22% according to the regional performance trials compared to check variety.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.90-95
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• 1981

This study was conducted to ascertain the seed quality of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) under different environmental conditions. The results were summarized as follows; 1. The sesame seeds harvested in the central noethern area of Korea showed higher linoleic acid content than did those in the southern area. 2. The linoleic acid content was highly negatively correlated with the accumulated temperature during maturity (r=-.595) and the correlation coefficient between Linoleic acid content and the accumulated solar radiation during maturity was highly significant (r=.613). Thus, the relative low temperature and high solar radiation during the maturity would be importnat factors for the increase in the linoleic acid content of sesame seeds. 3. The oleic acid content was higher in the southern area than in the central northern area. 4. The oleic acid content was highly correlated with the accumulated temperature (r=.644) and the accumulated solar radiation (r=-.456), respectively. 5. The linoleic and oleic acid are important components of sesame seeds, and these show a relative relationship to determine the oil content of the seeds. 6. The oil quality in the central northern area was superior to that in the southern area.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.23-30
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• 1993

This study was conducted to obtain the fundamental information on antioxidant component as affected by process of grain filling in different plant types of sesame. Sesamin and sesamolin as antioxidant components, oil content and seed weight were investigated for two plant types with different by branching habit. The sesamin and sesamolin contents in grains followed a pattern of increase immediately after flowering in branch type and monocapsule habit than non-branch type and tricapsule habit. But they started to decrease around 45 days after flowering, which oil content and seed weight continued to increase until maturity. The sesamin content increased quickly up from 10th to 40th day after flowering and showed almost maximum at 43th day after flowering. The sesamolin content increased quickly up from 20th to 30th day after flowering and showed almost maximum at 45th day after flowering. The oil content increased quickly up from 20th to 30th day after flowering and showed almost maximum at 47th day after flowering. The seed weight increased quickly up from 20th to 40th day after flowering and showed almost maximum at 48th day. The sesamin content, sesamolin content, oil content and seed weight showed almost maximum at from 43th to 48th day after flowering. So that this period was considered to be of physiological maturity.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.92-98
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• 2024

The objective of this study was to investigate the comparison of feeding a total mixed ration (TMR) containing imported alfalfa hay and TMR containing hot-air dried domestic alfalfa on rumination activity, milk production, and composition in lactating dairy cows. Ten Holstein dairy cows were divided into two groups: control (imported alfalfa hay + TMR) and treatment (hot-air dried domestic alfalfa + TMR) groups. The study was conducted over a total period of 18 days, including a 13-days adaptation period and a 5-days main experimental period. The results indicated no differences in total digestible nutrient and net energy intake between the imported and hot-air dried alfalfa. Body weight was not significantly different between the two groups (p>0.05), however, total feed intake and rumination time were significantly and tendentially higher in the treatment group compared with control group, respectively (p<0.001; p=0.075). Milk yield was not significantly different between the two groups (p>0.05), however, milk fat (kg) and lactose (%) concentration were significantly higher in the treatment group compared with control group (p=0.016; p=0.02). This study confirms that feeding TMR with hot-air dried domestic alfalfa results in no differences of feed intake, rumination activity, and milk productivity. Therefore, it is considered that hot-air dried domestic alfalfa can be used as a substitute for imported alfalfa on lactating dairy cows.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.106-112
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• 2024

The objective of this study was to compare the feeding effects of imported timothy hay, domestic Italian ryegrass silage (IRGS) and IRG dried by hot-air dry system (IRGHDS) under basic total mixed ration (bTMR) on rumination activity, milk production, and milk composition in lactating dairy cows. Eighteen Holstein dairy cows were divided into three groups: control (bTMR + imported timothy hay), treatment 1 (bTMR + IRGS) and treatment 2 (TMR + IRGHDS) groups. The study was conducted over a total period of 24 days, including a 10 days adaptation period and a 14 days main experimental period. The results indicate body weight was not significantly different between the three groups (p>0.05), and rumination time was significantly higher in the treatment 1 group compared with the control group (p<0.001). Milk fat, protein, and lactose were not significantly different between the three groups (p>0.05), however, somatic cell counts were significantly lower in the treatment 1 group compared with the control group (p<0.001). As a result of the economic feasibility analysis, it is expected that feeding TMR using IRGS and IRGHDS will increase profit by 402.8 won/day and 331.4 won/day per cow compared to imported timothy hay. Therefore, IRGS and IRGHDS can be used as substitutes for imported timothy hay in feeding lactating dairy cows.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.87-103
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• 1991

The somatic cell counts SCC and bacteria counts were done by D milk plant, P milk plant, S milk plant and Inch'${\v{\times}}n$ Vet. Serv. Lab from 1987 to 1990 with Coulter counter, Fossomatic 90, Bactoscan, Rolling ball viscometer and Resazurin reduction test. The results were summarized as follows 1. In the distribution of SCC of the bulk herd milk, D milk plant from Nov. 1989 to Oct. 1990 remarks 80.2% on the range below 500, 000, 14.5% ranging from 1, 000, 000 to 1, 500, 000, 1.2% ranging from 1, 500, 000 to 2, 000, 000, 0.69% ranging from 2, 000, 000 to 3, 000, 000, 0.71% on the range over 3, 000, 000. P milk plant remarks 237, 000 in the first half year and 251, 000 in the second half year in 1990 year. S milk plant remarks annual average of 335, 000 in 1987, 273, 000 in 1988 and 262, 000 in 1989. The individual record of Inch'${\v{\times}}n$ Vet. Serv Lab. remarks 79.35% and 80.2% below 500, 000 8.30% and 7.40% from 500, 000 to 1, 000, 000, 2.37% and 3.2% from 1, 000, 000 to 1, 500, 000, 2.77% and 2.30% from 1, 500, 000 to 2, 000, 000, 1.67% and 2.00% from 2, 000, 000 to 3, 000, 000, 5.53% and 4.40% over 3, 000, 000 in 1989 and 1990, respectively. The grade distirbution of SCC is as follows: D milk plant shows 1st grade-80.20%, 2nd grade-l6.5% and 3rd grade-3.30%. And P milk plant shows all 1st grade. S milk plant shows 87.30%, 8.6% and 4.1% in 1987 and 91.90%, 6.1% and 2.0% in 1988, and 92.40%, 6.1% and l.5% in 1989 on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd grade respectively. 2. The distribution of bacteria P milk plant reached 15.123 in 1st half year and 21.515 in 2nd half year. Also, S milk plant reached 81.5%, 12.5%, 6.0% in 1987, and 86.20%, 9.70%, 4.1% in 1988, and 86.2%, 10.8%, 3.0% in 1989 respectively for 1st, 2nd and 3rd grade. 3. The regional SCC distribution in D milk plant shows 1, 540, 000 in three regions and 714, 000 in one region. And monthly SCC distribution shows 671, 000 in December and 1, 165, 000 in June. 4. As a result of the individual SCC test, 9 times for 16 cows in “I”farm(1986-1988), and 6 times for 13 cows in“D”farm(1987-1988) No.3, 5, 9, 14 cows in“I”farm showed the high SCC beyond 1, 000, 000 over 4-5times. 5. If the SCC over 300, 000 reach 40%, the national producing quality of milk can be reduced by 87, 600M /I annually and in the sum of money, it should be about 35.5 billion Won. 6. The difference between high group and low group for SCC in D milk plant reached over 1, 000, 000. In case that the difference reaches 1, 000, 000 in the farm bulk milk at a farm breeding 20 cows which produce 20kg milk per day, it was estimate that the annual difference of producing quantity and sum of money respectively should be reached 26, 280kg in milk and 10, 643, 400 Won in income.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.541-548
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• 2002

This study, consisting of two experiments, was conducted to determine the effects of feeding heat treated protein and mineral complex (HPM) on milk production and composition, and ruminal fermentation of Holstein dairy cows. In in vitro experiment, HPM levels were 0, 0.2, 1 and 2%, and Timothy hay, which was substrate, was milled as 1 mm size, and the effects of HPM on pH, ammonia and VFA were analyzed after incubation times of 0, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h, respectively. The pH and ammonia production were not significantly different between treatments during the incubation. In addition, generally, total VFA and individual VFA were not affected by HPM on 0, 6 and 24 h. While, total VFA and individual VFA were increased in 0.2% and 1% of HPM supplemented treatments, but decreased in 2% of HPM treatment compared with control on 12 h. On 48 h, total VFA and individual VFA were increased in HPM treatments compared to control (P<0.05). However, A/P ratio was not affected by HPM supplementation. Gas production was higher in HPM treatment compared to control on 24 h (P<0.05) and 48 h (P<0.05). In lactating experiment, fourteen lactating Holstein cows were used for 4 months in a cross over experimental design. There were two treatments; no added HPM as a control and 0.2% of HPM added as a test treatment. Daily milk yield (P<0.001), 4% FCM (P<0.001), milk protein (P<0.05) and SNF (solid not fat; P<0.05) were increased in HPM treatment compared to control. While, milk fat, MUN (milk urea nitrogen) and SCC (somatic cell count) were not significantly different between treatments.