• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
• /
• v.10B no.3
• /
• pp.281-286
• /
• 2003

A large number of features are collected for problem solving in real life, but to utilize ail the features collected would be difficult. It is not so easy to collect of correct data about all features. In case it takes advantage of all collected data to learn, complicated learning model is created and good performance result can't get. Also exist interrelationships or hierarchical relations among the features. We can reduce feature's number analyzing relation among the features using heuristic knowledge or statistical method. Heuristic technique refers to learning through repetitive trial and errors and experience. Experts can approach to relevant problem domain through opinion collection process by experience. These properties can be utilized to reduce the number of feature used in learning. Experts generate a new feature (highly abstract) using raw data. This paper describes machine learning model that reduce the number of features used in learning using heuristic function and use abstracted feature by neural network's input value. We have applied this model to the win/lose prediction in pro-baseball games. The result shows the model mixing two techniques not only reduces the complexity of the neural network model but also significantly improves the classification accuracy than when neural network and heuristic model are used separately.

• International Area Studies Review
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.155-179
• /
• 2013

Becoming independent in 1956, Sudan has since experienced a number of coups $d^{\prime}{\acute{e}}tat$, religious conflicts between the Islamic north and the Christian south, conflicts between the north-south population composition and races, two civil wars for nearly 40 years due to a clash of interests over resources and others, and the Darfur crisis in which hundreds of thousands died. In 1983, as the Sudanese government forced Islamic laws on the southern region where many Christians lived, the civil war resumed and suffered heavy casualties. Although a brief period of tranquility is maintained at the present moment as South Sudan seceded, military conflicts continue to arise. The objective of this research is to understand the North-South Sudan conflict by examining its history and course. For this purpose, chapter 2 will make a theoretical and reality approach for conflict items and solutions. Chapter 3 will discuss the historical background and reasons for the Sudanese conflict by considering Sudan before 19th century, the Egyptian conquest of Sudan and the diverging North and South, Sudanese independence and other divisions yet again, and finally the North-South conflicts over religion and resources. In Chapter 4, there will be an analysis of the course of the Sudan Civil War by separating it into the First and Second Civil War. In Chapter 5, the consequences and future prospect will be presented in lieu of the conclusion.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.165-187
• /
• 2002

This study examines Korean representation of the biotechnology and psychological factors which can influence lay people's perception and attitude about biotechnology. Korean college students(N=433) and lay adults(N=90) whom had college education participated in the study. Participants of the study 1 were asked to list words which comes to mind when associate with the biotechnology in broad sense, and several specific applications in health, medicines, agriculture and research. Participants of the study 2 were asked to list possible benefits and costs of biotechnology and their specific applications. In study 3, Participants responded the questionnaires about perceptions and attitudes of biotechnology. Korean people associated the biotechnology with its costs or risks and benefits. Korean college students mainly got the informations of the biotechnology from TV, newspapers, or internet. They trusted the scientist group and NGO group on their judgements about the assessment of risk and benefit of the biotechnology. College students showed the positive attitude with the applications in medicines and negative attitude with the applications in agriculture and public using of individual's genetic information. The radicalism, sensitivity in behavioral activation system, and trust/cynicism were to be found as a significant influencing factor for interest/knowledge and behavioral intention in related with biotechnology. Finally, more extensive knowledge of biotechnology did not lead to greater acceptance of it.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.582-598
• /
• 2000

There are many bioethical issues in line with the rapid advance of biology. In this situation, it is important for students to make a rational decision on value problem. In this study 'value inquiry in biology education' is defined as 'the process of rational value judgement and wise decision-making in the biology-related value problem' and the model was developed. To develop the model, value inquiry models were reviewed. Value clarification model is helpful for the formation of the personal value as the process of individual value inquiry, but it isn't helpful for clarifying the value conflicts. Value analysis model focuses on the rational solution of value problem through the logical procedure. But it has the limitations that overemphasizing the logical and systematic aspects results in devaluating students' affective aspects. So it is necessary to coordinate psychological and logical aspects of value inquiry. In this regard, the model was developed, including identifying and clarifying value problem, understanding biological knowledge related to conflict situation, considering on the related persons, searching for alternatives, predicting the consequences of each alternative, selecting the alternative, evaluating the alternative, and final value judgement and affirming it. The educational objectives of value inquiry were selected in consideration of the ability to carry out the steps of the developed model. And the selected contents were animal duplication, test-tube baby, genetic engineering, growth hormone injection problem, brain death, organ transplant, animal to be experimented and were organized on the basis of the 6th and the 7th science curriculum. And the suitable instructional models for the value inquiry education were selected: bioethical value clarification decision-making model, group presentation according to the value analysis model, role play and debate, and discussion through web forum. And the interview was considered to be suitable to evaluate the students' value inquiry ability and the rubric was made to evaluate the attainment of the educational objectives for value inquiry.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.30 no.6
• /
• pp.587-595
• /
• 1997

Experimental study on unsaturated flow in the soil is important to understand the characteristics of the water flow. Measurement of unsteady-state water movement using the traditional equipment (e.g. tensiometer) has a problem that requires relatively a long response time. In this study a quick measurement method of soil water flow using TDR is introduced. TDR consists of an electronic function generator which generates a squared wave, and an oscilloscope which catches the reflected wave. The wave is reflected where both the impedance of the transmission line and the propagation velocity are changed. The water content can be obtained from the travel time measured by means of TDR because the dielectric constant is affected by the change of soil water content. From the result of TDR calibration. TDR measurement error for the oven dried soil was found to be less than 3.5%. This supports that TDR is a viable technique to measure the unsteady-state water movement.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
• /
• v.35 no.8
• /
• pp.501-511
• /
• 2008

Probe design is one of the essential tasks in successful DNA microarray experiments. The requirements for probes vary as the purpose or type of microarray experiments. In general, most previous works use the simple filtering approach with the fixed threshold value for each requirement. Here, we formulate the probe design as a multiobjective optimization problem with the two objectives and solve it using ${\epsilon}$-multiobjective evolutionary algorithm. The suggested approach was applied in designing probes for 19 types of Human Papillomavirus and 52 genes in Arabidopsis Calmodulin multigene family and successfully produced more target specific probes compared to well known probe design tools such as OligoArray and OligoWiz.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.23-35
• /
• 2017

Work zone traffic control is of keen interest because both traffic operations and safety performances are directly affected by traffic management methods. In particular, work zone traffic on two-lane roads needs to be managed in more efficient and safer manners due to its unique characteristics of alternative right-of-way assignment. This study developed a dynamic control algorithm that can be used for real-time operations of two-lane work zone traffic. The performance of the developed algorithm was evaluated by VISSIM microscopic traffic simulator. An applied programming interface (API) based program was developed to plug-in the control algorithm onto the simulator. The results demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed control algorithm for two-lane work zone.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.131-136
• /
• 2003

The problem of maneuvering target tracking has been studied in the field of the state estimation over decades. The Kalman filter has been widely used to estimate the states of the target, but in the presence of a maneuver, its performance may be seriously degraded. In this paper, to solve this problem and track a maneuvering target effectively, DNA coding-based intelligent Kalman filter (DNA coding-based IKF) is proposed. The proposed method can overcome the mathematical limits of conventional methods and can effectively track a maneuvering target with only one filter by using the fuzzy logic based on DNA coding method. The tracking performance of the proposed method is compared with those of the adaptive interacting multiple model (AIMM) method and the GA-based IKF in computer simulations.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2011.02a
• /
• pp.56-56
• /
• 2011

투명 메모리 소자는 향후 투명 디스플레이 등 투명 전자기기와 집적화해 통합형 투명 전자시스템을 구현을 위해 지속적으로 연구가 진행 되고 있으며, 산학계에서는 다양한 메모리 소자중 큰 밴드-갭(>3 eV) 특성을 가지는 저항 변화 메모리(Resistive Random Access Memory, ReRAM)를 이용한 투명 메모리 구현 가능성을 지속적으로 보고하고 있다. 현재까지의 저항 변화 메모리 연구는 물질 최적화를 위해 다양한 금속-산화물계(Metal-Oxide) 저항 변화 물질에 대한 연구가 활발하게 진행 되고 있지만, 금속-산화물계 물질의 경우 근본 적으로 그 제조 공정상 산소에 의한 다수의 산소 디펙트 형성과 제작 시 쉽게 발생할 수 있는 표면 오염의 문제점을 안고 있으며, 또한 Endurance 및 Retention 등의 신뢰성에 문제를 보이고 있다. 따라서, 이러한 문제점을 근본 적으로 해결하기 위해 새로운 저항 변화 물질에 관한 물질 최적화 연구가 요구 되며, 본 연구진은 다양한 금속-질화물계(Metal-Nitride) 물질을 저항변화 물질로 제안해 연구를 진행 하고 있다. 이전 연구에서, 물질 고유의 우수한 열전도(285 W/($m{\cdot}K$)) 및 절연 특성, 큰 밴드-갭(6.2 eV), 높은 유전율(9)을 가지고 있는 금속-질화물계 박막인 AlN를 저항변화 물질로 이용하여 저항변화 메모리 소자 연구를 진행하였으며, 저전압 고속 동작 특성을 보이는 신뢰성 있는 저항 변화 메모리를 구현하였다. 본 연구에서는 AlN의 큰 밴드-갭 특성을 이용하여 투명 메모리 소자를 구현하기 위한 연구를 진행 하였다. 투과도 실험 결과, 가시광 영역 (380-700 nm)에서 80% 이상의 투과도를 보였으며, 이는 투명 메모리 소자로써의 충분한 가능성을 보여 준다. 또한, I-V 실험에서 전형적인 bipolar 스위칭 특성을 보이며, 스위칭 전압 및 속도는 VSET=3 V/Time=10 ns, VRESET=-2 V/Time=10ns에서 가능하였다. 신뢰성 실험에서, 108번의 endurance 특성 및 105 초의 retention 특성을 보였다.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.682-686
• /
• 2005

Incontinentia pigmenti(IP), so called Block-Sulzberger syndrome is a rare genodermatosis that occurs almost in female infant; usually lethal in males, X-linked dominantly inherited disorder. IP is characterized by abnormalities of mesodermal and ectodermal tissues including eye, tooth, skin, nail, breast and hair as well as neurological deficiencies. Dental problems are congenital missing of teeth, delayed eruption, abnormal crown shape and so on. Here is a case of 6 year-old female with IP. She had congenital missing of primary and permanent teeth, delayed eruption, maxillary deficiency and extra cusps, resulting in unstable occlusion. Systemically, she had a history of operating eyes due to problem of retina and hyperpigmented macules on her trunk and extremities as typical character of IP.