• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
• /
• 2014.11a
• /
• pp.43-44
• /
• 2014

본 논문에서는 유전알고리즘의 유전자형-표현형을 사용한 수정된 이진 입자군집최적화의 두 번째 버전을 소개한다. 첫 번째 버전의 수정된 이진 입자군집최적화는 위치 정보에 유전학의 표현형을 사용한 반면에 제안하는 버전은 유전학의 유전자형을 사용한다. 이진 정보만을 제공하는 표현형에 비해 연속 공간 전체를 탐색공간으로 제공하는 유전자형 정보를 사용하여 해 공간을 보다 넓은 공간으로 만들 수 있다. 10개의 실험 평가 함수에 실험한 결과, 두 번째 버전은 탐색 공간이 넓고 지역최적해가 많은 함수에서 우수한 결과를 보였다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.14 no.11
• /
• pp.541-548
• /
• 2014

In this paper, we introduce a second version of modified binary particle swarm optimization using a concept of genotype-phenotype in genetic algorithms. Particle swarm optimization uses an information of difference between a position of the best solution and one's own position in the process of searching optimum. To obtain this difference of positions, the first version of modified binary particle swarm optimization uses a phenotype but the proposed second version uses a genotype. We can represent the solution space in large search space by using a genotype which provides continuous whole space as search space compared to a phenotype which provides only binary information. Experimental results in 10 De Jong benchmark function show that the second version outperforms the first version in six functions which has a broad search space and many local optima.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 1998.10c
• /
• pp.330-332
• /
• 1998

모듈형 신경망은 인간의 정보처리 시스템이 고유한 목적이나 기능을 가진 모듈로 되어있다는 신경과학의 연구에 기반하여 제안된 모델이다. 하지만 모듈의 크기와 기능모듈간의 연결구조를 결정하는데 큰 어려움이 있다. 본 논문에서는 간단한 규칙으로 복잡한 구조를 생성해 낼 수 있는 린덴마이어-시스템을 이용하여 모듈형 신경망의 크기 및 연결구조를 만들어내는 과정에 대하여 고찰해본다. 또한, 신경망의 생성규칙을 유전자형으로 표현하고 진화 알고리즘을 적용하여 주어진 문제를 해결할 수 있는 최적의 규칙을 찾아내는 방법을 제안한다. 본 논문에서 제안한 유전자형과 진화연산은 최적화된 문법규칙 및 신경망의 구조를 만들어 낼 수 있는 가능성을 보여준다.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Inherited Metabolic disease
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.84-87
• /
• 2011

윌슨병은 ATP7B의 결함에 의해 발생하는 질환으로 구리 대사 이상질환이다. 구리대사의 이상은 체내에 구리의 축적을 유도하며, 이에 따르는 산화스트레스, 염증반응, 세포소멸사의 환경 조성, 마이토콘드리아의 손상 등이 동반되는 것으로 알려져 있다. 윌슨병은 간질환으로 발현하거나, 신경학적 증상으로 발현하는 환자도 있으며, 일부 환자는 무증상적 시기에 발현하기도 한다. 우리나라의 윌슨병 237 가계를 대상으로 한 연구에서 발현 표현형에 따른 임상상의 차이를 발견할 수 있었다. 또한, 이러한 표현형의 차이는 ATP7B의 유전형과도 일부 상관관계를 보이고 있었는데, 돌연변이의 종류나 위치에 따른 발현 임상상의 차이를 확인할 수 있었다. 그러나, 이외의 부위나 한국인에서 흔한 돌연변이에 따른 표현형은 상관관계를 밝힐 수 없었다. 향후 표현형의 다양성에 영향을 주는 요소를 찾아내고 이들이 임상경과에 미치는 영향을 밝히기 위한 노력이 필요하다.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.7-14
• /
• 2014

Tyrosinase (TYR) gene is located on chromosome 1 in chicken and it is composed of five exons and four introns. TYR gene is described as a key enzyme in melanin biosynthesis. Most examples of complete albinism in chicken have been due to defects in the tyrosinase gene. The association of feather color and sequence polymorphism in the Tyrosinase (TYR) gene was investigated using Korean Native chicken H breed (H_PL), Korean Native chicken L/W breed(L/W_PL) and 'Woorimatdag' commercial chickens (Woorimatdag_CC). From L_PL and W_PL breed analyses, 4 synonymous SNPs (locus G33A, G116A, C217T and C247T) and 2 SNPs (G838A and G958A) were detected in 4th exon and 4th intron of TYR gene respectively. The genotype frequencies for 6 SNPs were compared between L_PL and W_PL and W_PL represented homozygous SNP types in all the analyzed SNP positions while L_PL displayed various SNP types.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.171-178
• /
• 2009

In order to make the high quality Korean cattle, it has been identified the gene which influence to various economic characters. In this paper, we introduce Restricted Partition Method for gene-gene interaction analysis. Further, economic traits, longissimus muscle dorsi area (LMA), carcass cold weight (CWT) and average daily gain (ADG) are applied with Restricted Partition Method (RPM). The SNP (19_1)$^*$SNP (28_2) was selected and was best marker on Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). It also influenced SNP (19_1)$^*$SNP (28_2) was an very important marker for economic character and to make the thing know it became.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.134-141
• /
• 2016

The DNA marker T1ex, originally developed from melon (Cucumis melo L.) for monoecy, was employed in chamoe, which is referred to as oriental melon. This marker shows size variations in monoecious melon. However, in chamoe, no such detrimental size variation was found in monoecious chamoe, and 99% association between flower phenotypes and genotypes of the T1ex marker was observed in 106 lines of chamoe. To evaluate the efficacy of the T1ex marker for marker-assisted selection (MAS), a total of 240 plants of chamoe breeding lines were screened using the T1ex marker. Among these, 98 varieties were selected. Although the T1ex marker might not be useful for MAS in melon, we found 100% concordance between genotypes and phenotypes for sex expression in chamoe. These results suggest that the T1ex marker will be a useful resource for MAS for monoecy in chamoe.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.65 no.3
• /
• pp.199-213
• /
• 2020

Grain size and shape are the two important components contributing to rice yield and quality. To analyze traits related to grain-shape, a total of 272 varieties derived from japonica, japonica black and Tongil-type rice accession in Korea were evaluated in this study. The traits, grain length (GL), grain width (GW), grain thickness (GT), length to width ratio (RLW), and 1000-grain weight (TGW) were measured and replicated 10 times. Genes (GW2, GS3, qGL3, qSW5, GS5, TGW6, GW7, and GW8) related to grain-shape were validated in the accessions using specific DNA marker sets. K-mean clustering of the accession based on phenotypic data revealed three groups: group 1 was classified by GW and GT and included most of japonica type, group 2 was classified by RLW and GL reached a medium size and possessed a half spindle-shaped type, and group 3 was classified by TGW, reached a long size and possessed a semi-round shape. In validation tests using the marker sets, both gw2 and tgw6 were validated in less than 1% of the tested accessions and two allelic types, qgl3 and gw8, were only verified in Tongil-type accessions. For GW8 and GW2, any different amplicons were not amplified in any japonica or Tongil-type accessions, respectively. In order to suggest the representative grain-shape gene combinations for each ecotype, the allelic combinations were evaluated by PCR analysis. Cj1 and 2 in japonica (Cj1-7), Cj_b1 and 2 in japonica-black (Cj_b1-3), and CT3 in Tongil-type (CT1-13) turned out to be the dominant combination in each ecotype, respectively. In addition, the results revealed that introgression of four genes (gw2, gs3, qSW5, and GS5) would expand the diversity of grain shape in Korean japonica varieties. The gene combinations information could be utilized practically to understand or enhance grain shape in japonica rice breeding program.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.56-67
• /
• 1993

To applying of genetic markers of milk proteins as dairy cow registration and selection aids for genetic improvement, genopypes controlling the 4 milk protein loci, ${\alpha}S1$-casein (${\alpha}S1$-CN), ${\beta}$-casein(${\beta}$-CN), ${\kappa}$-casein(${\kappa}$-CN), and ${\beta}$-lactoglobulin(${\beta}$-LG), from a total of 159 Holstein lactating cows reared at National Animal Breeding Station in 1992 were detected by polyacrylamide gel(PAGE) electrophoresis, and associations between genetic polymorphisms of milk proteins and milk compositions were analyzed. The observed distribution of phenotypes for ${\alpha}S1$-CN, ${\beta}$-CN, ${\kappa}$-CN and ${\beta}$-LG were agreement with those expected under the assumption of genetic equilibrium. The observed genotypic frequencies of the ${\alpha}S1$-CN BB, ${\beta}$-CN AA, ${\kappa}$-CN AA and ${\beta}$-LG AB genotypes were founded to be very high as 79.87%, 84.28%, 71.70% and 49.10%, respectively. Gene frequencies were 0.899 and 0.101 for ${\alpha}S1-CN^B$ and ${\alpha}S1-CN^C$, 0.921 and 0.079 for ${\beta}-CN^A$ and ${\beta}-CN^B$, 0.837 and 0.163 for ${\kappa}-CN^A$ and ${\kappa}-CN^B$, 0.378 and 0.622 for ${\beta}-LG^A$ and ${\beta}-CN^B$. According to the results of analysis of variance, the genotypes of the ${\alpha}S1-CN$, ${\beta}-CN$, ${\kappa}-CN$ and ${\beta}-LG$ were significantly difference for fat, protein and total solid percentage in milk compositions. On milk compositions, the ${\kappa}$-CN BB genotype was very high fat and protein percentage more than ${\kappa}$-CN AA and AB genotypes, and ${\beta}$-LG AA genotype was very high fat percentage more than ${\beta}$-LG AB and BB genotype at 5% level of significant difference, respectively. As a consequence, the fat and protein percentage may be improved to select to ${\kappa}$-CN BB and ${\beta}$-LG AA genotypes.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.50 no.5
• /
• pp.633-640
• /
• 2008

With a double mismatch primer set designed for amplifying the modified DNA sequence fragments, bovine melanocortin-1 receptor(MC1R) gene encoded in Extension locus which plays a critical role in coat color development was analyzed using polymerase chain reaction mediated restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP). Amplified PCR fragments were successfully discriminated with combining the MspI- and AluI-RFLP into three major alleles(ED, E+, and e), directly related to bovine coat color phenotypes. The genotyping results showed that Jeju black cattle contained three MC1R alleles, but yellowish-red colored Hanwoo and bridle colored Korean Brindle cattle did not contained the dominant black allele ED. However, two dominant black-colored cattle breeds, Holstein and Angus, contained the ED allele over 96% in frequency. Hanwoo×Holstein F1 and Hanwoo×Angus F1 crossbred calves showed ED/e MC1R genotypes, and uniformly black coat color. the results suggested that this MC1R genotyping method be useful in allele discrimination for bovine MC1R gene which used for breed classification and characterization, as one of the important genetic markers, using combination of MspI- and AluI-RFLP for modified PCR product amplified with a newly designed double mismatch primer set.