• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.4831-4843
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• 2014

Magazines on specific genres have been operating collaborative, co-working and collective production systems for value maximization using an adaptation strategy on the dynamic, complex and uncertain value network of the magazine industry. The study used a case study method, and data collection was performed by observational research, depth interviews and survey research. The subjects of the study were 'magazine industry', 'magazine firm and community', and 'collaboration system within creative users'. According to the research results, the ecosystem of magazines on a specific genre has been evolving into an innovative value network system, which is combined with the magazine firm, community users and magazine platform. Second, the rapid introduction of smart device environment changes the way of the collaborating system, in which an action and interaction came out within the community, creative users and magazine firms. Third, the production agency shows strong action and interaction, which fits the magazine platform within the ecosystem of a magazine on a specific genre well. This model has a similar fractal structure to the game, publishing, drama, movie, comic, and animation contents industry, converging to an innovative technology-based-creative-industry.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.53
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• pp.211-228
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• 2017

In May 2012, the police was empowered to electronically obtain location information of mobile devices from the telecommunication service provides for the purpose of rescue by the Act on the Protection, Use, ETC. of Location Information, after years of pressure with repeated serious violent crime outbreaks and controversy concerning the risk of breaching privacy. This study examines the environmental, legal, and technological challenges related to location tracking at the time of five years after the amendment of the law. The bottom line of police's locating power is to secure the lives of people in deadly emergent circumstance. Therefore, location tracking using given information should be swiftly proceeded after consideration and judgment of justification in timely manner to electronically request information to mobile carriers, and it is necessary to have somewhat flexibility of interpretation to be applied to diverse situation. In addition, location tracking technology should be continuously updated through cooperation with the stake-holders. Recognizing substantial problems in practice, we identified and explored the issues including obtaining prior consent for tracking the user's location in case of emergency, confirmation of emergency situation requiring police presence, qualification of legitimate requester, and limited applicability in various circumstances, which are required to reconsidered in conjunction with the personal information protection laws. Additional practical issues may include the expenses for information provision and other incentives to promote active cooperation by the telecom companies.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2002

A space-time concatenated convolutional and differential coding scheme is employed in a multiuser direct-sequence code-division multiple-access(DS-CDMA) system. The system consists of single-user detectors (SUD), which are used to suppress multiple-access interference(MAI) with no requirement of other users' spreading codes, timing, or phase information. The space-time differential code, treated as a convolutional code of code rate 1 and memory 1, does not sacrifice the coding efficiency and has the least number of states. In addition, it brings a diversity gain through the space-time processing with a simple decoding process. The iterative process exchanges information between the differential decoder and the convolutional decoder. Numerical results show that this space-time concatenated coding scheme provides better performance and more flexibility than conventional convolutional codes in DS-CDMA systems, even in the sense of similar complexity Further study shows that the performance of this coding scheme applying to DS-CDMA systems with SUDs improves by increasing the processing gain or the number of taps of the interference suppression filter, and degrades for higher near-far interfering power or additional near-far interfering users.

• Proceedings of the Speleological Society Conference
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• 1994.05a
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• pp.106-110
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• 1994

$\bigcirc$ 동굴생물은 식물과 동물, 미생물로 크게 구분되지만 태양광선이 완전히 차단된 동굴내 환경에서는 동굴 동물들이 주종을 이루고 있다. $\bigcirc$ 동굴내의 동물에 관한 연구는 1966년 고씨동굴, 용담굴을 시발로 고수굴, 천동굴, 노동굴, 백룡굴, 대이굴, 환선굴 등 강원도내에 분포하는 동굴 중 약 30%정도는 동물을 포함한 생물상이 조사되었다. $\bigcirc$ 강원도의 동굴동물로서 확인된 것온 9종 30목141종이며 강별로는 곤충강이 9목 50종 주형강이 4목 49종 갑각강이 6목 18종의 순으로 우세하고 목별로는 거미목이 15과 39종, 톡토기목이 7과 20종, 딱정벌레목이 8과 15종으로 우세한 편이다 (남, 1987). $\bigcirc$ 동굴생물에 관한 연구는 육상생태계와 격리된 환경에서 생리, 생태적 적응을 통한 종의 분화나 유전, 진화문제를 추구하며 지하생태계와 육상생태계의 생물적인 유연관계 규명에 중요한 분야로 인정되며 아울러 독특한 특성을 지닌 동굴생물의 보존을 위한 방안과 노력이 일부동굴의 개방 및 개발에 앞서 더욱 구체적으로 모색되고 증대되어야 한다. $\bigcirc$ 동굴환경의 주요 특성은 첫째 햇빛이 차단되어 암흑상태이며, 둘째 내부습도가 높고 기온이나 수온의 연중변화가 심하지 않고, 셋째 먹이연쇄에 필수적인 영양공급원이 제한되어 있다. 따라서 광합성작용으로 성장하는 녹색식물은 태양광선이 유입되는 곳이나 인공조명시설 지역을 제외한 곳에서는 서식이 불가능하고 대형동물이나 초식동물은 생존이 어렵다. $\bigcirc$ 동굴내에는 환경에 적응하는 종들만이 서식할 수 있고 이들을 생태적 특성에 따라 세가지로 구분 할 수 있다. 환경적응 요인으로는 광도, 습도, 온도 영양공급원과 섭식장소, 수중생물의 경우는 특히 수온, 수량 영양원등이다.(중략)다. 본 연구의 접근방법으로는 ASRS의 개념적인 Reference Model을 수립하고 이 Reference Model에 대한 Formal Model로 DEVS(Discrete Event System Specification)을 이용하여 시스템을 Modeling하였다. 이의 Computer Simulation을 위하여 DEVS형식론 환경에서의 Simulation Language인 DEVSim ++ⓒ를 이용하여 시스템을 구현하였다.. 실형 결과로는 먼저 선형 상미분방정식의 예로 mass-damper-spring system, 비선형 상미분방정식의 예로는 van der Pol 방정식, 연립 상미분방정식의 예로는 mixing tank problem 등을 보였으며, 그의 공학에서 일어나는 여러 가지 문제들도 다루었다.화물에 대한 방어력이 증가되어 나타난 결과로 여겨지며, 또한 혈청중의 ALT, ALP 및 LDH활성을 유의성있게 감소시키므로서 감잎 phenolic compounds가 에탄올에 의한 간세포 손상에 대한 해독 및 보호작용이 있는 것으로 사료된다.반적으로 홍삼 제조시 내공의 발생은 제조공정에서 나타나는 경우가 많으며, 내백의 경우는 홍삼으로 가공되면서 발생하는 경우가 있고, 인삼이 성장될 때 부분적인 영양상태의 불충분이나 기후 등에 따른 영향을 받을 수 있기 때문에 앞으로 이에 대한 많은 연구가 이루어져야할 것으로 판단된다.태에도 불구하고 [-wh]의미의 겹의문사는 병렬적 관계의 합성어가 아니라 내부구조를 지니지 않은 단순한 단어(minimal $X^{0}$ elements)로 가정한다. 즉, [+wh] 의미의 겹의문사는 동일한 구성요 소를 지닌 병렬적 합성어([$[W1]_{XO-}$ $[W1]_{XO}$ ]$_{XO}$)로 그리고 [-wh] 의미의 겹의문사는 중복된 발은을 지닌 한 단어로 ([W]$_{XO}$

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.1-22
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• 2020

This study was conducted to derive the new manager model in service economy era. It was logically explained that the modern economic society is different from the existing economic society, the modern organization that is the subject of management is different from the existing organization, and the tasks required by management are different from the existing tasks. It suggested the managerial model required for new managers. According to the proposed manager's model, the tasks required of new managers and essential qualities as managers to perform the tasks were presented. It suggested the role model that managers with required qualities should play. The role of a manager who becomes one with customers, the role of a manager who controls even his irrationality, the role of a manager who combines discernment and indiscriminateness, a flexible leadership role that combines charisma and tenderness, an administrator role that embraces regulations and non-regulations, and vision and non-vision. We derived the role of a manager who manages management, and a manager role model that utilizes both competition and non-competition. The managers engage in two opposing roles and perform management activities in a spiral dialectical cycle that develops while resolving the contradictions of each role. The method of embracing the two opposing parties internally and externally and the dialectical management execution process according to the change of the space-time axis were presented by borrowing the models of The Book of Change. Future research needs an empirical analytical study on this new Model. There is a need for studies that expand this study and develop it into a practical model and verify it in an analytical way.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.17-34
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• 2001

This paper is to analyze how firms in a large firm-led industrial city have carried out the restructuring in the face of radical shifts, with focus on the strategy and the restructuring of firms in Ulsan, a typical industrial district in Korea that is specialized in heavy & chemical industry. It has been well known that the local economy has been led by a small number of large firms, including affiliates of chaebol, and its industrial structure has also been characterised as a clear dichotomy between large firms as a customer and small and medium-size firms as a supplier, which can be called not horizontal but vertical relations. It can identify some tendencies, however, that local companies have been rather dynamically changing in response to increasingly turbulent environment since the Asian crisis. Some are radical, but some incremental. These can be summarized in four distinctive but interlinked ways. First, more than half of local companies surveyed have attempted to change their production systems, mainly from the fordist mass production towards the flexible mass production, seeking both economies of scale and scope. Second, local firms have vigorously continued to reorganize the boundary of the production and the organization, by specializing products and focusing on the core competence in order to save costs and cope with radically changing customer demands in a flexible way. Third, there have been various strategies for the organizational innovation such as the introduction of team organization, the boundary blurring between the managerial and production workers and the intra-firm spin-offs, so as to improve managerial efficiency and competence in the use of internal labour market. Finally, they have tried to be more sensitive to the market and customers. These tendencies seem to be increasingly critical to sustain their competitiveness. To do so, they tend to focus increasingly not only on the competing via the product quality rather than through price, but also to seek to diversify the market and customer firms beyond national boundary.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
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• no.43
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• pp.61-85
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• 2014

The aim of this study is to examine how labour transition of female householders is proceeded, and to identify mechanisms that cause them to be excluded from labor market. For this, thirteen lone mothers who have had labor experience in the market, while raising children were interviewed. This qualitative case study was proceeded by way of participants' interviews and questionnaires. Finding shows, impoverished lone mothers were horizontally moving incessantly on second labor market. As poverty worsens by years, poor lone mothers tend to be more dependant on the government's support and to transit downward to work-poor labor market. The unprivileged women were excluded from multi-dimentions: market structure, social relations and gender norms. The sex-segmental and human capital-oriented market has excluded women who gave up their career for caring. Female breadwinners were frequently excluded from social relations and opportunities for labor due to their stigma. sometimes they were self-excluded from the market for they had to care for their children. In conclusion, suggestions are given to enhance qualities of lone mother's lives and help them exit from poverty. It is necessary to implement positive labor policy with labor flexibility and stability and to practice socialization of care as care support system is very important for maintaining their jobs. Above all, social awareness of gender role must be changed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.88-95
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• 2018

Maintainability indicates how easily a system can be restored to the normal state when a system failure occurs. Systems developed to have high maintainability can be competitive due to reduced maintenance time, workforce and resources. Quantification of the maintainability is possible in many ways, but only after prototype production or with historical data. As such, the graph theory and 3D model data have been used, but there are limitations in management efficiency and early use. To solve this problem, we studied the maintainability index of weapon systems using SysML-based modeling and simulation technique. A SysML structure diagram was generated to simultaneously model the system design and maintainability of system components by reflecting the maintainability attributes acquired from the system engineering tool. Then, a SysML parametric diagram was created to quantify the maintainability through simulation linked with MATLAB. As a result, an integrated model to account for system design and maintainability simultaneously has been presented. The model can be used from early design stages to identify components with low maintainability index. The design of such components can be changed to improve maintainability and thus to reduce the risks of cost overruns and time delays due to belated design changes.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.18-25
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• 2021

Solanum demissum is one of the wild Solanum species originating from Mexico. It has wildly been used for potato breeding due to its resistance to Phytophthora infestans. S. demissum has an EBN value of four, which is same as that of S. tuberosum, so that it is directly crossable for breeding purposes with the cultivated tetraploid potato (S. tuberosum). In this study, the chloroplast genome sequence of S. demissum obtained by next-generation sequencing technology was described and compared with those of seven other Solanum species to develop S. demissum-specific markers. Thetotal sequence length of the chloroplast genome is 155,558 bp, and its structural organization is similar to those of other Solanum species. Phylogenetic analysis with ten other Solanaceae species revealed that S. demissum is most closely grouped with S. hougasii and S. stoloniferum followed by S. berthaultii and S. tuberosum. Additional comparison of the chloroplast genome sequence with those of seven other Solanum species revealed two InDels specific to S. demissum. Based on these InDels, two PCR-based markers for discriminating S. demissum from other Solanum species were developed. The results obtained in this study will provide an opportunity to investigate more detailed evolutionary and breeding aspects in Solanum species.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.30-38
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• 2022

Solanum brevicaule is one of the tuber-bearing wild Solanum species. Because of its resistance to several important pathogens infecting potatoes during cultivation, it can be used for potato breeding. However, the fact that S. brevicaule used in this study has an EBN value of two causes the sexual reproduction barriers between the species and cultivated potatoes. In this study, specific markers for discriminating S. brevicaule from other Solanum species were developed on the basis of the results of sequence alignments with the whole chloroplast genomes of S. brevicaule and seven other Solanum species. The chloroplast genome of S. brevicaule was completed by next-generation sequencing technology described in other recent studies. The total sequence length of the chloroplast genome of S. brevicaule is 155,531 bp. Its structure and gene composition are similar to those of other Solanum species. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that S. brevicaule was closely grouped with other Solanum species. BLASTN search showed that its genome sequence had 99.99% and 99.89% identity with those of S. spegazzinii (MH021562) and S. kurtzianum (MH021495), respectively. Sequence alignment identified 27 SNPs that were specific to S. brevicaule. Thus, three PCR-based CAPS markers specific to S. brevicaule were developed on the basis of these SNPs. This study will facilitate in further studies on evolutionary and breeding aspects in Solanum species.