• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.219-228
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• 2015

To secure water resources, dams are normally constructed on the upper - middle part of streams, and it generates physical disturbances such as habitat alteration and stream fragmentation. Such construction can restrict movement of aquatic organisms, especially for freshwater fish which is one of top predator in aquatic ecosystem, and cause genetic fragmentation and community change. In this study, to investigate impact of habitat alteration after dam construction on freshwater fish, we monitored fish community changes, and compared fish fauna between dam reservoir and inflows. Additionally, movement characteristics and habitat boundaries of four species were identified by radio telemetry method. The study was conducted in the Gunwi Dam which was constructed in December 2010. Radio telemetry was applied to Pungtungia herzi, Zacco platypus (living lotic and lentic), Silurus asotus (lentic preferred species) and Zacco koreanus (lotic preferred species). The number of species was remarkably decreased (4 family, 10 species) comparing with before the dam construction (7 family, 15 species). Specifically, Coreoleuciscus splendidus, Niwaella multifasciata, Liobagrus mediadiposalis, Coreoperca herzi and Odontobutis platycephala that inhabit in the lotic environment were not collected in the study area. A total of 8 species were caught in both the dam reservoir and tributaries except 2 species (C. auratus and S. asotus). Sorenson's similarity between the reservoir and its tributaries was high (0.842). All of the radio tagged species stayed in the reservoir except S. asotus which moved to the tributary. These species mainly utilized the shallow littoral zone as a habitat. These results could be useful as a baseline data for efficient management of fishes in lakes.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.83-94
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• 2012

Slopes are commonly formed both above and below roads located in mountainous terrain and along riversides. The Buk-sil site, a cut slope formed below the road, collapsed in October, 2010. A field investigation determined the causes of failure as improper drainage of valley water from the slope above the road and direct seepage of road-surface water. These factors may have accelerated the collapse via complex interaction between water and sub-surface structures such as bedding. Projection analysis of the site showed the possible involvement of plane, wedge, and toppling failure. Safety factors calculated by Limit Equilibrium Analysis for plane and wedge failure were below the standard for wet conditions. The wetness index, analyzed using topographic factors of the study area, was 9.0-10.5, which is high compared with the values calculated for nearby areas. This finding indicates a high concentration of water flow. We consider that water-flow control on the upper road is crucial for enhancing slope stability at the Buk-sil site.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.315-324
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between problem behavior, school stressor and family strength in high-school girls. Methods: Data were collected from 200 high school girls in 2008. Data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN 18.0. Results: There was a positive correlation between problem behavior and school stressor. There was a negative correlation between problem behavior and family strength. The predictors of problem behavior were school stressor, family strength, and monthly family income and these factors explained 43.0% of problem behavior. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest the necessity of developing nursing intervention programs for enhancing high-school girls' skills in interpersonal relationship and communication to decrease school stressor and increase family strength.

• 전기의세계
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• v.38 no.12
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• pp.21-25
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• 1989

국내 최초로 첨단 전자세라믹스 제품인 ZnO Varistor의 국산화 개발에 성공하여, 정부로부터의 신기술 제품 보호를 받는 등 인정을 받았으며 그 이후로도 제품의 성능 및 신뢰성 향상등의 연구개발을 지속하여, 미국의 UL, 캐나다의 CSA등 외국의 유수 안전규격을 획득, 품질의 우수성을 입증받고 있을 뿐만 아니라 현재 국내의 광범위한 수요업체에의 납품은 물론, 미주와 구라파지역을 비롯하여, 홍콩, 싱가폴, 대만 등의 아시아 지역 등 많은 나라에 수출을 시작하고 있다. 아쉬운점이 있다면 국산화 개발이 이루어지자 일본 등의 기존 MAKER들이 가격을 대폭 인하함에 따라, 가격경쟁이 치열해져, 개발비 및 초기 설비투자비의 부담을 상대적으로 크게 안고 있는 국산개발 업체로서는 힘겨운 가격경쟁을 해야하는 등, 국산화 개발이라는 명분 외에는 기업의 투자효과를 크게 기대하기 어려운 실정이다. 따라서, 앞으로는 이러한 면이 정부 등에서 고려되어, 첨단기술 등 기술적 파급효과가 크거나 기술축적이 필요한 중요기술들의 국산화 개발시에는 보다 적극적인 정부의 지원시책과 수요업체의 관심이 있어야 할 것이다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.75-82
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• 2008

This study is about land use and site plan for resident redevelopment for districts with existing residents. The study suggests development direction focusing on preserving the regional characteristics, and presentation of suburban-style housing complex reflecting on the future tenant's individuality and demand. The preexisting development approach for suburban-style housing complex which was planned by the developer, failed to recognize taste of the future tenants. Profitability being the priority, it also resulted in a serious environmental disruption. In this development however, through a systematic direction for site development and site analysis, conducting surveys through future tenants, attempted for a continuous growth of the community. The study is presented covering the following areas; site's pathway system, nature conservation plan, lot plan, land use and arrangement plan, and community facility.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.28-35
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• 1999

According to the development of scientific technique, approvement of income level, diversification of recreation, etc., modem society human being demand for the facility for communication, education, and information in the community. So, School is watched by the community as a continuing education center where is expropriated diversify demands. On the other hand, the fact is that education program by community demands in the school facility has not been set. Then, this study aim to suggest to proper education program by consequence of question.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.65-82
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• 2002

This study tries to examine the characteristics of the ancient Dujiangyan Irrigation System and geographical conditions in the western part of Sichuan Basin in China. The Dujiangyan System constructed in the third century B.C is located at the mouth of gorge of the River Mi. This spot shows that its altitude above sea level is higher than that of the three other rivers in this district. Also, this river reaches the maximum discharge. These facts reveal the spot has the great potentiality as an ideal location for man-made channels. Li Bing realized the "three magical projects": Yuzui and Jinggang Dyke(a water dividing dyke), Baopingkou(a water inlet), and Feishayan(a spillway). The dyke divided the River Min into two parts. The inner river is connected to the Baopingkou. And the Feishayan discharges flood and silt from the inner river to the outer. These projects have composed a scientific irrigation and drainage network. Finally, in the Chengdu Plain were digged a dozen channels for irrigation. Some of them are connected eastward to the River Bu. Since then the Dujiangyan System has been bring great benefits to agricultural production. This resulted in the population increase and establishment of new counties which have made the plain a "Land of Abundance".

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.293-302
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• 2017

A large number of stonefly nymph fossils were discovered from the Late Triassic Amisan Formation in the Boryeong region, Korea. These Plecoptera were classified as Platyperlidae, Baleyopterygidae, and Siberioperlidae based on their external morphologies. The Baleyopterygidae were most abundant among the fossils. This suggests that the plecopteran has already been widely distributed in the Northeast Asian region including Russia, Mongolia and China during the Mesozoic. The fossils of these stoneflies imply that benthic habitats of flowing and fresh waters may have existed, given the fact that they are similar with the biology of extant species. These Plecoptera were found together with Ephemeroptera and Conchostraca and thus, they were presumed to be preying on these insects.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.509-509
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• 2015

물 수요관리측면에 대한 정책을 수립하기 위해서는 현재 또는 장래에 대한 용수수급의 정확한 이해를 필요로 한다. 이를 위해서는 용수 수요량 및 공급량뿐만 아니라 여러 산정요소를 필요로 하는데, 그 중 회귀수량은 물이 이용되고 다시 하천으로 회귀되어 이용될 가능성이 있는 수량으로 정의되며, 용수수급 및 용수절약 측면에서 회귀 수량은 중요한 요소라 할 수 있다. 회귀수량 조사는 유역조사 사업 이래, 10년간 생?공용수를 중심으로 미시적, 거시적으로 조사를 시행하였으나, 측정 자료의 신뢰도, 조사방법 및 지점선정 등의 문제로 인하여 조사 성과의 활용성이 매우 낮은 실정이다. 수자원장기종합계획등에서는 수자원관련 계획 수립시 생?공용수의 회귀율을 65 %로 적용하고 있으나, 이는 1970년대 말의 사회적 여건 및 경제적 상황이 반연된 결과로 현재 상황에 적용되기 곤란하다. 따라서, 현재 실정에 맞는 회귀율 산정은 반드시 필요하게 된다. 본 연구에서는 기존 생활용수 회귀수량 산정 연구 한계를 보완하고 유역조사 시행을 위한 개선된 회귀수량을 산정하고자 한다. 본 연구는 서울시 중랑물재생센터 처리구역을 기반으로 중랑천유역을 시험유역으로 선정하였다. 기존 회귀수량 산정방법을 개선하기 위해 시험유역 회귀수량 산정을 위한 가용 자료 분석 및 용수흐름 네트워크 공간분석을 추가로 진행하였다. 가용자료로 시험 유역내 상수공급자료(정수장 공급량, 상수계통도, 유수 및 누수율), 하수처리자료(하수처리구역도, 하수처리계통도, 유입량 및 방류량) 및 기상자료(기상청 지점 및 AWS 강우자료)를 구축하였고 각각의 상수계통도 및 하수처리계통도로부터 용수 흐름 네트워크망을 구축하였다. 상수공급자료로부터 상수계통도 공급지역을 구분하여 월별 유수율에 따른 월별 실 공급량을 산정하였다. 하수처리자료로부터 시험유역에서의 월별하수처리 유입량 및 방류량을 산정하였다. 최종적으로 회귀율(하수처리 방류량/실 공급량)을 산정한 결과 연평균 회귀율은 각각 93.97 %(2011년), 95.02%(2012년)로 과잉 추정 되었으며 7 ~ 9월의 회귀율은 110 ~ 120 %로 유입량을 초과하였다. 이는, 하수처리로 유입되는 유입량의 하수관거는 합류식으로 구축되어 7 ~ 9월에 많은 양의 강우량이 우수관을 통해 하수처리장으로 이송되어 생활용수 이외에 자연적인 공급량으로 인한 것으로 분석되었다. 따라서, 월별 회귀율 산정을 위해서는 불투수층에서의 면적강우량(mm)을 유입량(m3/s)으로 환산된 값을 고려하여 회귀율을 재산정하였다. 그 결과 연평균 회귀율은 각각 78.27 %(2011년), 77.58 %(2012년)로 나타났다.각각의 월별 회귀율도 매우 유사하게 나타났으며 과거 관용적으로 사용된 65 % 회귀율보다 약 12 ~ 13%로 증가하였으며 이는, 하수처리시설 구축 및 처리효율의 증가와 상수처리시설의 관로시설의 개량으로 인한 유수율 및 누수율 감소로 회귀율이 증가한 것으로 판단된다.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.193-209
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• 2009

Total collected benthic macro invertebrates in rice paddy fields were identified 3 phylum, 5 class, 13 order, 25 family, 32 genera and 36 species, those in organic rice field were 12 order, 22 family and 28 species, and in conventional rice field were 10 order, 19 family and 25 species. The almost collected species inhabit lentic zone but Semisulcospira libertina, Corbicula fluminea, and Tipula sp. were habitat on lotic zone. The number of benthic macro invertebrates species was higher in organic paddy field than in conventional field. Eleven species were collected only on organic but eight species only on conventional field. The number of individuals were 870 on organic rice field which higher 3.6-fold on conventional field. The diversity indices of organic rice field were 1.57-2.45 and 0.71-2.61 in the first and second survey, respectively. The higher diversity indices, the lower dominance indices.