• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.36 no.5_2
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• pp.867-879
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• 2020

As the era of space technology utilization is approaching, the launch of CAS (Compact Advanced Satellite) 500-1/2 satellites is scheduled during 2021 for acquisition of high-resolution images. Accordingly, the increase of image usability and processing efficiency has been emphasized as key design concepts of the CAS 500-1/2 ground station. In this regard, "CAS 500-1/2 Image Acquisition and Utilization Technology Development" project has been carried out to develop core technologies and processing systems for CAS 500-1/2 data collecting, processing, managing and distributing. In this paper, we introduce the results of the above project. We developed an operation system to generate precision images automatically with GCP (Ground Control Point) chip DB (Database) and DEM (Digital Elevation Model) DB over the entire Korean peninsula. We also developed the system to produce ortho-rectified images indexed to 1:5,000 map grids, and hence set a foundation for ARD (Analysis Ready Data)system. In addition, we linked various application software to the operation system and systematically produce mosaic images, DSM (Digital Surface Model)/DTM (Digital Terrain Model), spatial feature thematic map, and change detection thematic map. The major contribution of the developed system and technologies includes that precision images are to be automatically generated using GCP chip DB for the first time in Korea and the various utilization product technologies incorporated into the operation system of a satellite ground station. The developed operation system has been installed on Korea Land Observation Satellite Information Center of the NGII (National Geographic Information Institute). We expect the system to contribute greatly to the center's work and provide a standard for future ground station systems of earth observation satellites.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.233-246
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• 2023

In terms of understanding the water cycle and efficient water resource management, the importance of soil moisture has been highlighted. However, in Korea, the lack of qualified in-situ soil moisture data results in very limited utility. Even if satellite-based data are applied, the absence of ground reference data makes objective evaluation and correction difficult. The cosmic-ray neutron probe (CRNP) can play a key role in producing data for satellite data calibration. The installation of CRNP is non-invasive, minimizing damage to the soil and vegetation environment, and has the advantage of having a spatial representative for the intermediate scale. These characteristics are advantageous to establish an observation network in Korea which has lots of mountainous areas with dense vegetation. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the applicability of the CRNP soil moisture observatory in Korea as part of the establishment of a Korean cOsmic-ray Soil Moisture Observing System (KOSMOS). The CRNP observation station was installed with the Gunup-ri observation station, considering the ease of securing power and installation sites and the efficient use of other hydro-meteorological factors. In order to evaluate the CRNP soil moisture data, 12 additional in-situ soil moisture sensors were installed, and spatial representativeness was evaluated through a temporal stability analysis. The neutrons generated by CRNP were found to be about 1,087 counts per hour on average, which was lower than that of the Solmacheon observation station, indicating that the Hongcheon observation station has a more humid environment. Soil moisture was estimated through neutron correction and early-stage calibration of the observed neutron data. The CRNP soil moisture data showed a high correlation with r=0.82 and high accuracy with root mean square error=0.02 m³/m³ in validation with in-situ data, even in a short calibration period. It is expected that higher quality soil moisture data production with greater accuracy will be possible after recalibration with the accumulation of annual data reflecting seasonal patterns. These results, together with previous studies that verified the excellence of CRNP soil moisture data, suggest that high-quality soil moisture data can be produced when constructing KOSMOS.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.33 no.6_2
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• pp.1119-1137
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• 2017

This study assessed the water provisioning and climate mitigation ecosystem services of the urban forest in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. The ecosystem service assessment is conducted based on natural function, natural function and population, and natural function and the beneficiary of the ecosystem service. Then, the impact of climate change on ecosystem services is analyzed to figure out the sensitivity of the impact on the beneficiary when the natural function of forest destroys under climate change. Gyeonggi-do has higher function-based water provisioning ecosystem service than Seoul. And population-based water provisioning ecosystem service appears to be higher in the densely populated area. On the other hand, beneficiary-based water provisioning ecosystem service by applying both natural water supply function and beneficiary distribution appears different with the result of population-based water provisioning service assessment. In other words, regions with high beneficiary population show higher ecosystem service than those with a low beneficiary population even though they have the same water storage function. In addition, climate change has a negative impact on the water provisioning ecosystem service. Under climate change, water provisioning service is expected to decrease by 26%. For climate mitigation service, regions close to the forest seem to have a low temperature, which indicates their high climate mitigation service. The center of the city with high beneficiary population shows high beneficiary-based ecosystem service. The climate change impacts the forest growth to decrease which affect the beneficiary-based climate mitigation ecosystem service to decrease by 33%. From this study, we conclude that beneficiary-based function and ecosystem service assessment is needed as well as the supply-based classification of forest function suggested by Korea Forest Service. In addition, we suggest that not only supply-based function classification and ecosystem service assessment but also beneficiary-based function classification and ecosystem service assessment is needed for managing the urban forest, which has been destroyed by climate change. This will contribute to revaluing cases where a forest with low natural function but high beneficiary-based ecosystem service, which is not considered under the current forest function-based assessment system. Moreover, this could assist in developing a suitable management plan for the urban forest.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.39 no.6_2
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• pp.1635-1650
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• 2023

Under global warming, the steadily increasing sea surface temperature (SST) severely impacts marine ecosystems,such as the productivity decrease and change in marine species distribution. Recently, the catch of Todarodes Pacificus, one of South Korea's primary marine resources, has dramatically decreased. In this study, we analyze the marine environment that affects the formation of fishing grounds of Todarodes Pacificus and develop seasonal habitat suitability index (HSI) models based on various satellite data including Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI) data to continuously manage fisheries resources over Korean exclusive economic zone. About 83% of catches are found within the range of SST of 14.11-26.16℃,sea level height of 0.56-0.82 m, chlorophyll-a concentration of 0.31-1.52 mg m^-3, and primary production of 580.96-1574.13 mg C m^-2 day^-1. The seasonal HSI models are developed using the Arithmetic Mean Model, which showed the best performance. Comparing the developed HSI value with the 2019 catch data, it is confirmed that the HSI model is valid because the fishing grounds are formed in different sea regions by season (East Sea in winter and Yellow Sea in summer) and the high HSI (> 0.6) concurrences to areas with the high catch. In addition, we identified the significant increasing trend in SST over study regions, which is highly related to the formation of fishing grounds of Todarodes Pacificus. We can expect the fishing grounds will be changed by accelerating ocean warming in the future. Continuous HSI monitoring is necessary to manage fisheries' spatial and temporal distribution.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.157-175
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• 2013

Since Korean government announced 'Smartwork promotion strategy' in 2010, Korean firms and government organizations have started to adopt smartwork. However, the smartwork has been implemented only in a few of large enterprises and government organizations rather than SMEs (small and medium enterprises). In USA, both Yahoo! and Best Buy have stopped their flexible work because of its reported low productivity and job loafing problems. In addition, according to the literature on smartwork, we could draw obstacles of smartwork adoption and categorize them into the three types: institutional, organizational, and technological. The first category of smartwork adoption obstacles, institutional, include the difficulties of smartwork performance evaluation metrics, the lack of readiness of organizational processes, limitation of smartwork types and models, lack of employee participation in smartwork adoption procedure, high cost of building smartwork system, and insufficiency of government support. The second category, organizational, includes limitation of the organization hierarchy, wrong perception of employees and employers, a difficulty in close collaboration, low productivity with remote coworkers, insufficient understanding on remote working, and lack of training about smartwork. The third category, technological, obstacles include security concern of mobile work, lack of specialized solution, and lack of adoption and operation know-how. To overcome the current problems of smartwork in reality and the reported obstacles in literature, we suggest a novel smartwork service model based on NFC(Near Field Communication). This paper suggests NFC-based Smartwork Service Model composed of NFC-based Smartworker networking service and NFC-based Smartwork space management service. NFC-based smartworker networking service is comprised of NFC-based communication/SNS service and NFC-based recruiting/job seeking service. NFC-based communication/SNS Service Model supplements the key shortcomings that existing smartwork service model has. By connecting to existing legacy system of a company through NFC tags and systems, the low productivity and the difficulty of collaboration and attendance management can be overcome since managers can get work processing information, work time information and work space information of employees and employees can do real-time communication with coworkers and get location information of coworkers. Shortly, this service model has features such as affordable system cost, provision of location-based information, and possibility of knowledge accumulation. NFC-based recruiting/job-seeking service provides new value by linking NFC tag service and sharing economy sites. This service model has features such as easiness of service attachment and removal, efficient space-based work provision, easy search of location-based recruiting/job-seeking information, and system flexibility. This service model combines advantages of sharing economy sites with the advantages of NFC. By cooperation with sharing economy sites, the model can provide recruiters with human resource who finds not only long-term works but also short-term works. Additionally, SMEs (Small Medium-sized Enterprises) can easily find job seeker by attaching NFC tags to any spaces at which human resource with qualification may be located. In short, this service model helps efficient human resource distribution by providing location of job hunters and job applicants. NFC-based smartwork space management service can promote smartwork by linking NFC tags attached to the work space and existing smartwork system. This service has features such as low cost, provision of indoor and outdoor location information, and customized service. In particular, this model can help small company adopt smartwork system because it is light-weight system and cost-effective compared to existing smartwork system. This paper proposes the scenarios of the service models, the roles and incentives of the participants, and the comparative analysis. The superiority of NFC-based smartwork service model is shown by comparing and analyzing the new service models and the existing service models. The service model can expand scope of enterprises and organizations that adopt smartwork and expand the scope of employees that take advantages of smartwork.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.285-290
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• 2016

In rural area, our farmers confront decreasing benefits owing to imported crops and increased cost. Recently, the government encourage the 6th Industry that merges farming, rural resources, and information and communication technology. Therefor the government makes an investment in supplying 'smart greenhouse' in which a farmer monitor growing crops and environment information to control growing condition. The objective of this study is developing an Moving Monitor and Control System for crops in green House. This system includes a movable sensing unit, a controlling unit, and a server PC unit. The movable sensing unit contains high resolution IP camera, temperature and humidity sensor and WiFi repeater. It rolls on a rail hanging beneath the ceiling of a green house. The controlling unit contains embedded PC, PLC module, WiFi router, and BLDC motor to drive the movable sensing unit. And the server PC unit contains a integrated farm management software and home pages and databases in which the images of crops and environment informations. The movable sensing unit moves widely in a green house and gathers lots of information. The server saves these informations and provides them to customers with the direct commercing web page. This system will help farmers to control house environment and sales their crops in online market. Eventually It will be helpful for farmers to increase their benefits.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.328-328
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• 2016

우리나라는 생활용수의 대부분을 지표수에 의존하고 있는 실정이다. 그러나 지표수는 가뭄과 같은 기상변화, 수질사고 등으로 물 공급의 안정성에 문제가 되기도 한다. 향후 기후변화는 가뭄의 빈도와 강도를 증대시킬 것으로 파악되므로 수질 및 수량의 문제를 더욱 악화시킬 것으로 예상된다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 지표수를 대수층 내에 인공적으로 함양한 뒤 대수층의 자연정화 기능에 의해 여과된 양질의 청정원수를 생산하는 기술을 본 연구에서 현장에 실증 적용하는 시설을 구축하였다. 이러한 기술은 기존의 지하 대수층을 이용하는 강변여과 등이 갖는 장점을 취하고 단점을 보완하였으며 친환경적이며 지속가능한 용수공급뿐만 아니라 청정 원수 확보를 통해 정수처리비용을 절감, 장기간의 가뭄이나 지표수 수질사고 시에 비상용수 공급 등 기존 취수원들과 달리 많은 장점을 갖고 있는 대규모 청정지하저수지 시험시설이다. 청정 지하저수지 기술이 주로 적용되는 지역은 해안지역 또는 하구 델타지역을 대상으로 한다. 해안 또는 델타지역은 해수침투로 인하여 염지하수가 부존되어 있기 때문에 지하수자원 활용에 매우 제한적이다. 따라서 지표수(담수)를 전처리하여 대수층에 인공적으로 함양을 하여 염지하수 대수층 안에 담지하수(담수체)를 형성할 수 있다. 이는 염수와 담수의 밀도차에 의해 희석되지 않는 특성을 이용한 기술이다. 청정 지하저수지 시험시설은 크게 지표수 취수시설, 전처리시설, 주입정, 양수정, 운영시스템으로 나눌 수 있다. 주입정 및 양수정은 원형의 형태로 지하저수지 조성범위 중심부에 9개의 주입정과 외각에 8개의 양수정을 설치하였다. 시험시설의 운영 과정은 하천수를 취수하여 전처리시설에서 탁도를 제거한 후, 피압대수층 염지하수에 동력으로 주입을 한다. 이때 기존에 부존되어 있던 염지하수를 밀어내고 담수체 지하수 형성을 유도한다. 일정기간 주입을 통해 목표 담수체를 만들어 내면 양수정에서 담수를 취수하되, 대수층의 모래자갈층을 일정거리 이동하여 취수하는 방식이다. 즉, 하천수를 대수층에 함양하고, 일정거리를 이동하여 취수하는 ASTR 방식의 대체수자원 확보 기술이다. 시험시설은 통합운영센터를 통해 원격감시 및 각종 제어/계측을 실시하며, 모니터링된 자료는 운영시스템에서 관리한다. 본 연구시설에서는 대수층 주입, 관정폐색, 미생물/지화학 수질반응, 지하수모니터링, 지반변형 등이 주요 핵심 연구를 진행하고 있도록 시설을 구성하였다. 본 시험시설은 2015년 8월 착공하여 2016년 4월에 완공 예정이며, 2016년 3월부터 주입을 시작하여 6개월간 피압대수층에 주입을 실시하고 이후부터 주입과 양수를 병행할 계획이다.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.308-316
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• 2015

This study was conducted to investigate the situation of ICT apply to plastic greenhouse, and the results be apply to design of new one. A CFD analysis were conducted to monitering the ventilation and energy saving of the single span greenhouse newly designed. The causes of delay to apply ICT to plastic greenhouse are the high cost for installation(24%), insufficiency of after services(19%), often disorder(16%), unskillful management of soft ware(15%), insufficient ICT efficiency(13%) and unsatisfying of income increase(12%). The parts of problem occurred in ICT plastic greenhouse are the structure, actuator, environmental control system and sensor(approximate 14%, respectively), remote control technique(13%), plant management technique(12%), energy saving technique(10%) and utilization of software(8%). In the condition of lateral window closed, the average wind speed changed to slow, but it was faster in the condition of leeward side window opened than in the condition of lee and winward side window opened. The air movement in the condition of lateral window closed occur by air moving fan not by out air. It is not affect the room temperature but effective the uniformity of room temperature. The average temperature of low height greenhouse was uniform than high height one. The average temperature in condition of 3rd curtain opened become same with outside temperature after 2 hours, but take more 5 hours in condition of 3rd curtain closed.