• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2004

In this paper, we have studied the reliable scheme for transmission of digital watermarking-inserted image data through wireless channel. Multimedia data and watermarking data are degraded because of the high BER (Bit Error Rate) and the effect of fading in wireless channel. We adapt the error correction scheme for mitigating the degradation in watermarking data. We have evaluated the error performance of watermarking data modulated by OFDM/16QAM and sent through Rician fading channel. The simulation results show that when error correcting scheme is used the watermarking data can be detected without severe error even though watermarking-inserted image data is suffered from severe damage.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.6 no.7
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• pp.90-98
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• 2006

Digital watermarking is a technique embedding hidden information into multimedia data imperceptibly such as images and sounds. Generally an original image is transformed and coded watermark data is embedded in frequency domain watermarking models. In this paper, We propose a new color image watermarking technique using Fresnel transform. A watermark image is Fresnel - transformed and the intensity of transformed pattern is embedded into color image. In our watermarking model, an original image is converted from RGB components into YCrCb components and then the values of real number and imaginary number of a Fresnel-transformed pattern of a watermark image are embedded into Y component. The watermarking experiments were conducted to show the validity of the proposed method using PSNR value, and the results show that our method has the robustness against lossy compression like JPEG.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2002.11b
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• pp.167-173
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 동영상 신호에 대한 워터마킹 알고리즘의 관점에서 워터마킹 성능, 부호화성능, 실시간 구현 등의 요구조건 사이의 관계를 살펴보고, 모의실험을 바탕으로 재부호화시의 강인성, 필터링공격에 대한 강인성 등 동영상 워터마킹 방법에 대해 성능을 분석한다.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.3-12
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• 2001

Over the last few years, digital audio watermarking has become an interesting issue In many application areas, including digital broadcasting. This is primarily motivated by a need to provide copyright protection of digital audio content. Digital watermarking is a technique to embed copyright or other information int? the underlying data. Several possible audio watermarking techniques have been developed including spread spectrum watermarking, echo watermarking, phase coding, and patchwork. In this paper, we describe some requirements of digital audio watermarking as a tool for copyright protection of broadcasting content, and compare popular audio watermarking algorithms in some significant aspects.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2005.07a
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• pp.181-183
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• 2005

저작권 보호 기술의 하나인 디지털 워터마킹은 디지털 콘텐츠에 삽입되어 저작권 확인 및 증명에 이용될 뿐만 아니라 영상의 위변조 판별에도 이용된다. 즉, 영상이 변조되는 경우 삽입된 워터마크가 변형됨으로써 위변조 여부 및 위변조 영역의 확인도 가능하다. 본 논문에서는 이와 같이 영상의 위변조 여부를 판별하기 위한 인증 워터마킹 기법으로 적응적인 양자화 워터마킹 기법을 제안한다. 워터마크 삽입 과정은 영상에 DWT를 수행한 뒤 저주파 영역에 블록 DCT를 수행하여 계수들을 변형시키는 방법으로 수행되며, 이를 위해 원신호의 파워를 고려한 적응적인 양자화 방식을 제안하였다. 실험 결과 제안 방식에 의해 워터마크 삽입된 영상은 화질적으로 원영상과 차이가 없고 압축에 대한 강인성도 우수하여 인증 워터마킹에 적합함을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.195-202
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• 2001

As a solution for copyright protection of digital multimedia contents, digital watermark technology is now drawing the attention. In this paper, we presented two novel audio watermarking algorithms as a solution for protecting unauthorized copy of digital audio. Proposed watermarking schemes include the psychoacoustic model of MPEG audio coding to achieve the perceptual transparency after watermark embedding and preprocessing procedure before correlation in watermark detection to extract copyright information without access to the original audio signal. Experimental results show that our watermarking scheme is robust to common signal Processing attacks and it Introduces no audible distortion after watermark insertion.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.510-513
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 인간의 시각적 특성을 고려한 새로운 변환 영역 워터마킹 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 기법에서는 워터마크로 사용될 랜덤 신호를 변환 블록의 중간 주파수 영역 변환계수로 설정한 후 이를 역변환한다. 그리고 역변환된 워터마크 영상에서 시각적으로 인지하치 쉬운 영역에 위치한 워터마크 신호를 삭제한 후 다시 순방향 변환하여 중간 주파수 영역의 훼손된 워터마크를 초기의 워터마크로 복원한다. 이러한 과정을 반복적으로 실행한 후 최종적으로 생성된 변환 영역 워터마크를 입력 영상의 변환 계수에 대해 삽입한다. 따라서 워터마킹된 영상에서 워터마크의 삽입으로 인한 시각적 왜곡은 감소될 수 있다. 모의 실험은 제안된 방법으로 형성된 워터마킹된 영상이 시각적으로 우수하며 손실 부호화, 필터링 등의 다양한 영상처리에 대해 견고함을 나타낸다.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.639-640
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• 2008

본 논문은 지리정보시스템(GIS, geographic information system) 상에서 GIS 데이터의 구조와 기하학적 특성을 바탕으로 GIS 속성 집합들의 평균 면적(MAAG, meanareas of attribute group)을 이용한 워터마킹 기법을 제안한다. 워터마크는 소유권 정보를 포함하는 이진 비트열로 사용하였으며, GIS 데이터 내의 MAAG를 결정한 후, 각 MAAG의 적응적 임계치를 이용하여 은닉되며, 워터마크 검출 시, 원래의 GIS 데이터가 필요 없는 블라인드 워터마킹 기법을 적용한다. 실험 결과, 제안한 워터마킹 기법이 기하학적 공격에 견고하며 워터마크의 비가시성을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.569-582
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• 2007

Digital watermarking technique for copyright protection and prevention of illegal copy and distribution can provide the reliable transaction to both buyer and seller in e-commerce through the cryptographic protocol such as 'Buyer-seller watermarking protocol'. Recently there has been researched about some cryptographic protocols for watermarking system but there has no yet mentioned about the implementation of practical watermarking technique in protocol. This paper presents the watermark embedding technique based on POCS in buyer-seller watermarking protocol. The proposed method designs the robust convex set based on EZW and the invisible convex set using PSNR and then projects into two sets until the convergence condition is satisfied. Experimental results verified that BER of watermark that is embedded by the proposed method has lower 0.02-0.10 than BER of the conventional method.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.10B no.4
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• pp.367-372
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• 2003

The existing watermarking techniques for copyright protection of a digital image are fragile in geometric distortion and it is hard to detect whether it was manipulated artificially. In this paper, we proposed the new copyright protection system that can authorize a digital mage and :an embed or extract a robust watermark in a artificial manipulation in order to solve these problems. In a watermarking part, the proposed a watermarking technique embeds a watermark in a phase component after a Complex Wavelet Transform (CWT) with an original image, and a watermark is extracted from an watermarked image by stages. A copyright about an image can be insisted on than a threshold after comparing a correlation of an original watermark with an extracted watermark if large. In an authentication part of a digital image, EZW (Embedded Zerotree Wavelet) is used, and an authentication cord of an watermarked image is generated. An authentication code of an image to have been distribute to is compared with a generated authentication cord, and artificial operation isn´t than a threshold if large. The proposed copyright protection system through performance evaluation display that it was robust in geometric distortion and a artificial operation was able to be detected.