• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.345-348
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• 2018

The influence of various forms of Houttuynia cordata with fermented red koji as feed additives on the performance of duck livestock was evaluated through a field study. Two hundred and forty ducks (Pekins) aged 0-38 d were used. They were randomly assigned to four treatment groups (0%, 1% H. cordata powder with fermented red koji, 1% H. cordata pelleted with fermented red koji, and 1% H. cordata coated with fermented red koji) with four replicates (15 ducks per replication). Foreconomic evaluation, the data (a total of 240 duck) obtained from each treatment were applied to 10,000 ducks per treatment 38-d after the feeding trial. Overall, the results of economic evaluation were the highest in the treatment with 1% H. cordata coated with fermented red koji, followed by 1% H. cordatapelleted with fermented red koji, 1% H. cordatapowder with fermented red koji, and control. In conclusion, using 1% H. cordatawith fermented red koji as coating and pellet type duck diets might be of economic advantage for sustainable environmental management.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.29 no.10
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• pp.1011-1014
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the egg freshness and eggshell characteristics of old laying hens by adding sea urchin shell powder to the feed of such hens to achieve the objectives continuously pursued by environmental management, such as business profitability and waste resource utilization. A total of 90 Hy-Line Brown layers (66 weeks of age) were randomly divided into 2 treatments with 3 replicates, each of which consisted of 15 older layers, for 4 weeks. These treatments included a control (i.e., 0%) and 2% sea urchin shell powder. The 2% supplementation of sea urchin shell powder increased the Haugh unit (HU) at 2 and 4 weeks and eggshell strength at 4 wks compared to the controls (p<0.05). The HU at 0 weeks, eggshell thickness from 0 through 3 weeks, and eggshell strength at 0 and 2 weeks were not different between treatments (p>0.05). These results suggest that the addition of 2% sea urchin powder to the feed of laying hens improves egg freshness and eggshell strength in old laying hens.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.648-654
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• 2004

The following case study illustrates the administration of Bojanggunbi-tang in the treatment of a man diagnosed as having Crohu's disease. The usual gastrointestinal symptoms of Crohu's disease are diarrhea, abdominal pain and weight loss, in addition to anemia and rectal bleeding. A l6-year-old man diagnosed with Crohn's disease, who was treated at our clinic, had symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, weight loss, anemia and rectal bleeding. He was treated with Bojanggunbi-tang. For the two months the symptoms were considerably reduced. The result supports the clinical efficacy of Bojanggunbi-tang for the treatment of the symptoms of suspected Crohn's disease.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.50-58
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• 1987

At present it has been cleared that even carefully polished surfaces have irregularities on them which are large compared with molecular dimensions by the progress of a scanning electron microscope. When two solids are placed together, the real area of contact is very small, so that the local pressure is high and, in general, exceeds the yield pressure of the metal. Plastic flow of the solid occurs at the summits of the irregularities so that the real area of contact is proportional to the applied load. There is adhesion at local resions of contact and the friction is, in a large measure, the force required to shear them. On this view point, the friction experiment with different specimens which are carbon steel, copper and constantan was attempted to know the characteristics of temperature change in contact with different metals. Various experiments are summerized as follows; 1) With metals of high melting point, momentary 1000 .deg. C may last below $10^{-4}$ of a second. It is thought that above phenomena back up previous adhesion theory in wear. 2) As a general rule, surface temperature in contact with different metals becomes high when the load increases while it is observed that surface temperature decreases when the load increases with shapes of specimens.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.136-145
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• 1986

The perfect and accurate methods to control the wear are not made clear so far. For this phenomenon only mating surface has been studied. In order to control the wear the essence of it has to be made clear. It is reported that adhesive wear might occure as a result of plastic deformation, the fracture and removal or transfer asperities on close contacting surfaces. On this view point the plastic flow was attempted to compare with fluid or electromagnetic flow. The partial differential equations of equilibrium for the plane strain deformation will make use of the method of characteristics. The characteristic curves or characteristics of the hyperbolic equation coincide with the slip lines by R. Hill's papers. By Hencky's stress equation, it is evident that if P and .phi. are prescribed for a boundary condition then it may be possible to proceed along constant .alpha. and .betha. lines to determine the value of the hydrostatic pressure everywhere in the slip line field net work. A wedge formation mechanism has been considered for an explanation of this matters. The analysis shows that there is a critical value, which depends on the hardness ratio and the shear stress on the interface, for the top angle of asperity is less than this critical value, the asperity can yield plastically despite of being harder than the mating surface.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.57-61
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• 2001

This study introduces an algorithm for determination of hypocentral parameters using phase analysis and two-point ray tracing to enhance accuracy and stability of computations. When the magnitude of earthquake is relatively small(usually $m_{b}$<3.2), the PmP phase which looks like the first arrival phase may be observed without observing the Pn phase. In this case, the hypocentral parameters calculated by the existing method using the first arrival of P and S phases and by the method developed in this study using PmP and SmS phases show large differences. The computational results of determination of hypocentral parameters for actual earthquake events show that this method gives much smaller rms errors than the existing methods do.o.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.13-26
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• 2015

This study was conducted to analyze the policy impacts of the '2014 Rural Field Forum'. From 2013, Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs implemented Rural Field Forum to push forward rural development of inhabitants' initiative. In this study, we have evaluated that Rural Field Forum has crucial impacts on residents' competence, region capability and driving force of project by targeting the 374 residents of 350 villages in 9 states who participated in 2014 Rural Field Forum. We also sought for the solution to institutional improvement. Futhermore we analyzed each of leader group and normal residents for departmentalization of policy effects. Taken together, the analysis reveals that: 1)Rural field forum is demonstrated to have a positive effect on the establishment and execution of village development plan and all of its necessary components. 2)Regarding the effect on the village capabilities, the understanding and recognition of village organization was shown to be improved. 3)About regional capabilities, the interest in village project was advanced. 4)In terms of the project execution, Rural field forum turned out to affect the village council processes positively. 5)lastly, between the leader and the residents, the difference effectiveness between them revealed, with the same directivity and considerably bigger effect felt by the leader than by the residents overall.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.35-41
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• 2016

The electrical transport properties of $La_{0.5}Sr_{0.5}CrO_3$ below room temperatures were investigated by dielectric, dc resistivity, magnetic properties and thermoelectric power. Below $T_c$, $La_{0.5}Sr_{0.5}CrO_3$ contains a dielectric relaxation process in the tangent loss and electric modulus. The $La_{0.5}Sr_{0.5}CrO_3$ involves the transition from high temperature thermal activated conduction process to low temperature one. The transition temperature corresponds well to the Curie point. The relaxation mechanism has been discussed in the frame of electric modulus spectra. The scaling behavior of the modulus suggests that the relaxation mechanism describes the same mechanism at various temperatures. The low temperature conduction and relaxation takes place in the ferromagnetic phase. The ferromagnetic state in $La_{0.5}Sr_{0.5}CrO_3$ indicates that the electron - magnon interaction occurs, and drives the carriers towards localization in tandem with the electron - lattice interaction even at temperature above the Curie temperature.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.94 no.1 s.158
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• pp.50-57
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• 2005

This paper examines the relative competitive position of korean forest products market over period of 1999 to 2003 and selects strategic exported goods from its position provide against concluding FTA agreement with China, Japan and ASEAN. The portfolio approach is used to develope competitiveness-market share matrix. The position of major export countries on the competitiveness-market share matrix will be in one of nine cells, with differing implications for their role in korean forest products market. Based the competitiveness-market share matrix, Major export countries are divided into first cell type, third cell type and ninth cell type and the items of ninth cell type are chosen as strategic exportable goods.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.96-107
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• 2003

Objective : This study was undertaken to determine if Pyunggangaeuljihyul-tang (Pinggankaiyuzhixue-tang, PG) has a protective effect against cell injury induced by various toxic agents in rabbit liver, Methods : Cell injury in vitro was estimated by measuring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and that in vivo was estimated by measuring alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity in serum. Lipid peroxidation was examined by measuring malondialdehyde, a product of lipid per oxidation. Results : PG prevented the LDH release by $CCl_4$, mercury, menadione, and tert-butyl hydroperoxide treatment in vitro in liver slices. The extent of protection by 2% PG was similar to that of $10{\mu\textrm{M}}$ N,N'-diphenyl-p-phenylenedianline, a potent antioxidant, in tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced LDH release. PG also prevented lipid peroxidation and depletion of cellular ATP induced by Hg. Hg causes motphological changes including cell necrosis and its effect was significantly prevented by PG. When rats were treated intraperitoneatly with 0.5 ml/kg of $CCl_4$, serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities were increased compared with the control, which was significantly inhibited by pretreatment of PG. PG also prevented reduction in GSH and lipid peroxidation induced by $CCl_4$ Conclusion : These results suggest that PG exerts aprotective effect against various toxic agents by its antioxidant action in liver tissues. Thus, PG may be used in prevention and treatment of drug-induced liver cell injury. However, the precise mechanisms of PG protection remain to be determined.