• 월간낙농육우
• /
• 제36권7호
• /
• pp.156-158
• /
• 2016

세계인구순위 1위, 국민 총생산량 세계 2위, 국토면적 세계 4위. 중국의 잠재력을 설명할 수 있는 표현이다. 전 세계 수많은 제품의 주요 생산처이자 소비처인 중국은 모두가 매력을 느끼는 시장일 수밖에 없다. 여기에 더해 올해 초 중국의 산아제한 완화정책이 폐지되면서 출산 유아동 제품 수출 주력시장으로 주목받고 있다. 우리나라 유업계에서도 중국의 빠른 변화에 발맞춰 국산원유 및 유제품의 새로운 수요처로서 중국 시장을 낙점, 진출을 본격화하고 있다. 그 중에서도 우유류(강화우유, 멸균유, 가공유 등)를 위주로 중국시장을 공략하고 있는 서울우유협동조합의 대중국 수출사례를 소개한다.

• Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
• /
• 제33권7호
• /
• pp.388-391
• /
• 1997

최근 우유소비가 증가하고 집유량은 감소하고 있다. 이에 따라 대다수 유통업체들은 장기보관용 유제품 생산량을 줄이고 있는 등 우유확보에 총력을 기울이고 있다. 이같은 현실에 근거 산유량의 증가를 가져올 수 있는 젖소 산유촉진 단백질의 국내 적용사례 및 개선방안을 알아보기로 한다.

• 월간낙농육우
• /
• 제36권1호
• /
• pp.126-136
• /
• 2016

세계 최대의 원유생산을 자랑하는 유럽의 낙농산업이 갈림길에 섰다. 지난 30년간 지탱해 온 유럽연합(EU) 국가별 우유 생산량 할당제(쿼터제)가 '15년 4월부터 폐지되면서 전환기를 맞이했다. 우유 생산량 제한정책의 폐지를 맞아 유럽의 낙농업계에는 희비가 갈리고 있다. EU는 세계 낙농시장에서 주요 역할을 하고 있으며 치즈 등 많은 낙농제품을 수출하는 선진 수출국으로 EU 유제품 수급 동향이 국제가격에도 영향을 미치고 있어 전세계 낙농종사자의 이목이 집중되고 있다. 유럽의 선진 낙농국들을 중심으로 쿼터 폐지에 따른 생산량 증가를 해소하기 위해 해외 시장 개척에 집중하는 등 국가별로 쿼터제 폐지라는 거대한 산을 넘기 위해 제 각기의 노력을 펼치고 있다. 우리나라 낙농업 또한 EU 수급 상황의 영향권에 있기 때문에 이들의 움직임을 주목할 필요가 있다. 네덜란드는 국가경제에서 중요한 위치를 차지하고 있는 낙농업의 지속가능한 성장을 위해 단기적인 성장이 아닌 중장기적인 관점으로 환경문제에 적극 대응하고 있다. 역사와 전통이 갚은 치즈의 대표 본고장 스위스는 쿼터제 폐지로 낮은 가격의 원유가 범람하면서 위기를 맞은 가운데 이를 타개하기 위한 방안 마련에 초점을 맞추고 있다. EU 내에서도 많은 원유를 생산해 내고 있는 독일 낙농업계도 운영비용을 절감할 수 있는 낙농 장비로 교체하는 등 생산비 절감 방안 마련에 집중하고 있다. 여성낙농인들과 함께 작지만 강한 나라 네덜란드와, 역사와 전통을 지난 스위스, 기술집약적 낙농 강국 독일을 방문해 그들이 낙농 강국으로 성장할 수 있었던 주요 성공요인과 사례를 중심으로 둘러보고 앞으로 우리나라 낙농이 나아갈 방향을 가늠해본다.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.113-123
• /
• 2009

This study was carried out to determine effects of long-term supply of Cordyceps militaris mycelia on cordycepin content in milk in dairy cows. Ten Holstein cows in the early stages of lactation were divided into two groups. Control group received no supplement whereas treatment group received 6% of C. militaris mycelia of their dry matter intake for 6 months. Feed intake, milk urea nitrogen and somatic cell counts were not affected by long-term supply of C. militaris mycelia for the whole period. In addition, milk yield and milk composition were not affected by long-term supply of C. militaris mycelia at any time of the periods with the exception of milk protein content and yield. The average of milk protein content and yield from the whole period was higher for C. militaris mycelia supplement group than for the control group. As expected, cordycepin in whole blood and milk was not detected in the control group. The range of cordycepin content in the treatment was 0.31~0.38µ/ml and 0.18~0.26(µ/ml for whole blood and milk, respectively. Individual variation was found to be very high and, furthermore cordycepin was undetected in some milk samples. Thus, no clear pattern could be seen in cordycepin content in milk throughout the whole period. Overall, the results of the present study suggest that the transfer efficiency of cordycepin to milk by supplementing C. militaris mycelia in dairy cows was unpredictable and low.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.391-396
• /
• 2002

cows, in order to suggest a means for the improvement of milk production. A total of 30 Holstein cows (3rd to 5th of parity) were used and assigned to two groups according This study investigated blood biochemical values between high and low yielding dairy to milk production levels at 15, 30, 60 and 90 days postpartum. Milk production of group A was less than an average of 27 kg/day and that of group B was an average of 30 kg/day. Blood samples were collected by jugular venipuncture from each cow six times at 15 days before the anticipated calving date, within 12 hours postpartum (0 days) and at 15, 30, 60 and 90 days after calving. In serum mineral concentrations, group B was consistently higher than group A in both Mg and Ca. Inorganic phosphorus concentrations showed a little fluctuation between the groups at antepartum and at postpartum, but group B was significantly higher than group A at 15 and 30 days after calving (p < 0.05). In serum biochemical values cholesterol concentrations were consistently higher in group B except at 0 days. BUN and glucose concentrations did not differ between the groups. The concentration of vitamin A of group B was significantly higher than group A at 15 days before the anticipated calving date and at 15 days postpartum (p < 0.01), but at 30, 60 and 90 days postpartum vitamin A concentration of both groups were similar. Vitamin E concentration did not differ between the groups during the experimental period. Results of this study suggest that raising the levels of Mg, Ca, Pi and vitamin A in serum would be effective in increasing milk production of low producing cows.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
• /
• 제44권2호
• /
• pp.92-98
• /
• 2024

The objective of this study was to investigate the comparison of feeding a total mixed ration (TMR) containing imported alfalfa hay and TMR containing hot-air dried domestic alfalfa on rumination activity, milk production, and composition in lactating dairy cows. Ten Holstein dairy cows were divided into two groups: control (imported alfalfa hay + TMR) and treatment (hot-air dried domestic alfalfa + TMR) groups. The study was conducted over a total period of 18 days, including a 13-days adaptation period and a 5-days main experimental period. The results indicated no differences in total digestible nutrient and net energy intake between the imported and hot-air dried alfalfa. Body weight was not significantly different between the two groups (p>0.05), however, total feed intake and rumination time were significantly and tendentially higher in the treatment group compared with control group, respectively (p<0.001; p=0.075). Milk yield was not significantly different between the two groups (p>0.05), however, milk fat (kg) and lactose (%) concentration were significantly higher in the treatment group compared with control group (p=0.016; p=0.02). This study confirms that feeding TMR with hot-air dried domestic alfalfa results in no differences of feed intake, rumination activity, and milk productivity. Therefore, it is considered that hot-air dried domestic alfalfa can be used as a substitute for imported alfalfa on lactating dairy cows.

• Feed Journal
• /
• 제3권4호통권20호
• /
• pp.124-127
• /
• 2005

''지금은 소비자 시대'' 최근 원유 생산은 늘어나고, 소비는 줄어들면서 낙농산업이 일대 위기를 맞고 있는 가운데 量(양) 보다는 質(질) 위주로 변화고 있다. 국가에서도 이러한 시대에 부응하기 위하여 유질과 매우 밀접한 관계가 있는 체세포수 위생등급을 더욱 강화하고 있다. 이러한 현상은 낙농가들로 하여금 체세포수와 직접적으로 관련이 있는 유방염 관리에 보다 많은 관심과 투자를 하게 하고 있다. 특히, 요즘처럼 원유 과잉 생산 시대에는 무엇보다도 원유생산량을 늘리는 것보다는 체세포수를 관리하여 1 등급을 받음으로써 그 만큼의 추가 소득을 올리는 것이 바람직한 낙농 경영 방법이 될 것이다. 이러한 체세포의 등급강화 조치에 따라 효과적으로 유방염을 예방하므로 원유의 질을 올려 농가에서는 경제적으로 이득을 볼 수 있는 방법에 대해서 논하고자 한다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제37권5호
• /
• pp.370-378
• /
• 1994

Soybean curd added with 40% of cow’s milk was prepared with eight coagulants such as calcium acetate, calcium lactate, calcium chloride, calcium sulfate, magnesium chloride, glucono-delta lactone (GDL), acetic acid and lactic acid. The curd products were evaluated by the chemical composition, coprecipitation porperties, mineral content, yield, color and textural characteristics. The lowest concentrations for protein coprepitation were 0.3% (v/v) for calcium salts, 0.4% (v/v) for magnesium chloride, 0.2% (v/v) for organic acids. Turbidity and crude protein of whey were markedly decreased at these concentrations. The optimal concentrations of coagualnts used for soybean curd preperation were 1.2% (v/v) for calcium acetate, calcium sulfate and calcium lactate, 1.0% (v/v) for calcium chloride and GDL, 0.8% (v/v) for magnesium chloride and lactic acid, 0.6% (v/v) for acetic acid. It was observed that of the eight coagulants tested, calcium chloride provided a satisfactory curd in quality. Calcium content of soybean curds by the calcium salt coagulants was higher than that by organic acid coagulants. Through the examination on the textural properties by a texturemeter was found out that acetic acid treated soybean curd among the organic acids, calcium salts and magnesium chloride treated curds had very high hardness value. All the curd products prepared in this experiment had a pale yellow color as affected by the value of L (lightness), a (redness) and b (yellowness). Although the colorimetric readings showed that the soybean curds prepared with the organic acids had higher L value but lower a and b value in comparison to calcium salts and magnesium chloride treated curds.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• 제22권7호
• /
• pp.774-779
• /
• 1990

$[^{14}C]$-radiolabelled ${\beta}-lactoglobulin$ was used for the studies on the effect of thermalization and ultrafiltration for the increase of cheese yield. 4.33% of ${\beta}-lactoglobulin$ was incorporated through thermalization. $3.20{\sim}3.65%$ of ${\beta}-lactoglobulin$ was more incorporated with cheese curd in the thermalization and ultrafiltration than without ultrafiltration process. Comparing with protein increase, other whey proteins might be incorporated with casein micelles. Loss of $[^{14}]C-{\beta}-lactoglobulin$ through processing and adsorption to membrane during ultrafiltration was only 1.03%.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• 제32권2호
• /
• pp.154-157
• /
• 2004

Immobilized cells of Aspergillus niger was employed to produce citric acid by fermentation of milk factory waste water. A. niger ATCC 9142 as a citric acid production strain was cultured for 3 days and was entrapped with Ca-alginate bead about 2.5∼3.5 mm. The optimal pH and temperature were estimated to be 3.0 and $30^{\circ}C$, respectively. Dilution rate for fermentation was calculated to be $0.025 h^{－1}$ . Maximum amount of citric acid was obtained at 4.5 g/$\ell$ with the optimized fermentation condition. The yield of citric acid produced by immobilized A. niger ATCC 9143 was 70.3%. The yield was increased by 20% with immobilized cell, compared to that of the shake flask culture. Hence, the milk factory waste water is worthy to be used for the substrate of citric acid fermentation.