• Title/Summary/Keyword: 용혈반응(溶血反應)

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수종약침액(數種藥鍼液)의 안정성평가(安定性評價)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)

  • Choe, Yong-Tae;Lee, Yun-Ho;Kim, Chang-Hwan;Gang, Seong-Gil;Park, Dong-Seok;An, Byeong-Cheol;Go, Hyeong-Gyun;Park, Yeong-Bae;Lee, Hye-Jeong;Choe, Do-Yeong;Lee, Jae-Dong;Kim, Yong-Seok
    • The Journal of Korean Medicine
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    • v.15 no.2 s.28
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    • pp.253-268
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    • 1994
  • 오종(五種) 약침액(藥鍼液)(약침액(藥鍼液)의 명칭(名稱) : V. OK. I. HO. B)의 안전성(安全性)을 실험적(實驗的)으로 검토(檢討)하기 위하여 급성독성여부(急性毒性與否)를 연구보고(硏究報告)한 이후 발열성시험(發熱性試驗), 피부자극시험(皮膚刺戟試驗), 용혈반응(溶血反應) 및 간독성(肝毒性)과 신독성시험(腎毒性試驗)을 실시(實施)하여 유의(有意)한 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 모든 약침액(藥鍼液)은 발열성시험(發熱性試驗)과 피부자극시험(皮膚刺戟試驗), 간독성(肝毒性) 및 신독성시험상(腎毒性試驗上) 이상소견(異常所見)이 발견(發見)되지 않았으나 용혈반응(溶血反應)의 경우 일부(一部) 약침액(藥鍼液)에서 용혈반응(溶血反應)을 의심(疑心)할 수 있으므로 향후(向後) 이에 대(對)한 연구(硏究)와 세포독성(細胞毒性) 및 항원성시험(抗原性試驗)이 필요(必要) 할 것으로 사려(思慮)된다.

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Preparation of Antiserum against Hemolysin from Vibrio vulnificus using Hemolysin-bound Liposomes (Liposome을 이용한 Vibrio vulnificus가 생산하는 용혈독소의 항혈청 제조법)

  • 김영만
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.91-95
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    • 1993
  • To investigate hemolysin from Vibrio vulnificus in terms of protein chemistry and immunochemistvy, the simple method to produce antiserum was developed as follows ; Crude hemolysin from Vibrio vulnificus was mixed with cholesterol-phosphatidylcholine-liposome. Only hemolysin with molecular weight of 50kD was selertively bound to the liposome. Thus, without purification of crude hemolysin, liposome bound hemolysin was used as antigen to produce antiserum by injecting into back muscle of a rabbit. Resultant antiserum reacted only with hemolysin. Hemouysin of Vibrio vulnificus from patients and environment was formed single band in gel diffusion precipitation reaction with antiserum.

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혈액형지배 유전자에 의한 칡소의 유전적 특성

  • 조창연;연성흠;손동수;이호준;윤종택
    • Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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    • 2001.03a
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    • pp.50-50
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    • 2001
  • 혈액형을 지배하는 유전자는 진화에 대하여 중립적인 작용을 하고 있어서 집단의 유전적 구조의 특성 파악, 계통분류학 등에 많이 응용되고 있다. 본 연구는 칡소에 대한 유전학적 특성을 구명하고자 혈액형 분석기술을 응용하여 실시하였다. 공시동물은 (주)한경게놈텍 목장에서 사육중인 외모적으로 칡소의 특징을 보이는 25두를 이용하였다. 혈액은 경정맥에서 헤파린 처리된 진공 채혈관에 무균적으로 채취하여 혈장, 백혈구 및 적혈구로 원심분리한 후 냉동 혹은 냉장 보관하여 각 실험에 이용하였다. 적혈구 항원형의 검출은 2% 적혈구 부유액과 축산기술연구소에서 생산된 항혈청 11종을 이용하여 용혈반응으로 실시하였고, 혈액단백·효소를 지배하고 있는 6개의 유전자 좌위에 대하여 전분 혹은 포리아크릴 아미드겔 전기영동으로 다형 검출을 실시하였다. 용혈반응으로 검출한 적혈구 항원형의 반응양상은 검사한 11종의 항체에 대하여 6종은 50%이상의 개체에서 양성반응을 보였다. 이와 같은 결과는 일반 한우에서 보이는 양성반응율보다는 높은 것으로 판단되어진다. 전기영동법으로 분석한 6개의 혈액단백·효소 지배 유전자 좌위 중 ALB좌위을 제외한 5개 유전자 좌위에서 다형이 관찰되었다. HB, AMY-1, GC 및 PTF-2 유전자 좌위는 2개의 대립유전자가 관찰되었고, TF 유전자 좌위는 4개의 대립유전자가 관찰되었다. 표 1에서 같이 칡소에서 관찰된 각 유전자 좌위의 대립유전자 빈도의 구성은 일반적인 한우와는 상이한 결과를 보였으나 평균 이형접합도는 칡소가 0.438, 일반한우가 0.442로 계산되어 유전적 변이성은 유사한 것으로 추정되었다. 이상의 결과로 본 연구에서 분석한 칡소는 다른 한우집단과는 상이한 유전적 구조를 가지고 있으나, 유전적 다형성은 비교적 높은 것으로 시사되었다. 보다 정확하고 많은 량의 유전정보 수집을 위하여 Microsatellite DNA 및 모색 관련 유전자를 분석할 필요성이 있을 것으로 사료된다.(Table Omitted)

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The Effect of in vitro Hemolysis on Vitamin $B_{12}$ / Folic Acid Results (용혈이 Vitamin $B_{12}$ / Folic acid 검사 결과에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Mi-Sook;Cho, Youn-Kyo;Im, Do-Hw;Seo, So-Yeon
    • The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.62-65
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    • 2008
  • Purpose: Vitamin $B_{12}$ and folic acid are type of water-soluble vitamin and those work as a secondary vital enzyme, but especially those are involved in the nuclear DNA synthesis. Those are mainly measured in order to diagnose megaloblastic anemia and to assess the storage of folic acid during pregnancy. It is generally known that the hemolyzed serum is useless for folic acid and vitamin $B_{12}$, but it is not easy to abide by this information because our lab (Samkwang Medical Laboratories) is reference laboratory. We tested how much the extent of hemolyzed serum had influence on the results. Materials and Method: We performed the tests of vitamin $B_{12}$, folic acid. For the hemolysis effect study, we used 40 cases. According to the level of A, B and C groups, each group had 10 samples which were mechanically hemolyzed serum. Results: Hemolysis did not affect the vitamin $B_{12}$ results. However in case of folic acid, the value increased according to the degree of hemolysis. And severe hemolyzed cases had the highest value (greater than 20 ng/ml). Conclusions: Preventing the hemolysis, it has to be informed that blood-collecting, separation and storage are performed more carefully. As you see from the above results, hemolyzed serum is not proper for folic acid test, and hemolysis does not affect the results of vitamin $B_{12}$. However, for the more accurate results, it is necessary to avoid hemolysis.

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Studies on a Simple Method for the Preparation of Anti-Sheep Erythrocytes Rabbit Serum (항면양적혈구(抗緬羊赤血球) 가토혈청(家兎血淸)(용혈소(溶血素)) 생산(生産)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • Rhee, Young Ok;Jeon, Yun Seong
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.8-12
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    • 1967
  • Formalin 처리(處理) 면양적혈구(緬羊赤血球)를 용혈소(溶血素) 생산용(生産用) 항원(抗原)으로 가토(家兎)의 이정맥(耳靜脈)에 접종(接種)하였던바 고가(高價)의 양성혈청(陽性血淸)을 얻을수 있었음으로 보고(報告)하는 바이다. Formalin 0.5% 식염수(食鹽水)에 하룻밤동안 $37^{\circ}C$ 항온수조(恒溫水槽)에서 처리(處理)한 면양적혈구(緬羊赤血球)를 정유액(淨遊液) 1.0ml. 2.0ml. 3.0ml. 4.0ml.을 4일간격(日間隔)으로 4회(回) 가토(家兎)의 이정맥(耳靜脈)에 접종(接種)하였으며 최종항원접종후(最終抗原接種後) 5일(日)만에 채혈(採血)하므로서 10,000단위(單位) 이상(以上)의 용혈소력가(溶血素力價)를 갖는 가토혈청(家兎血淸)을 생산(生産)할 수 있었다. 이 방법(方法)에 의(依)하면 항원(抗原)의 제조(製造)나 면역방법(免疫方法)이 지금까지 알려져온 어떤 방법(方法)보다 더 간편(簡便)하며 가토(家兎)에 대(對)한 예민성(銳敏性) 반응(反應)이 거의 없으며 개체차이(個體差異)없이 용혈소(溶血素)를 생산(生産)하는 것이 특징이다.

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진탕배양에 의한 Monascus sp.가 생산하는 적색색소에 관한 연구 (제2보) 적색조 색소의 생산과 물리적 성질 및 생리적 성질에 대한 검토

  • 김현수;곽효성;양호석;변유량;유주현
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Applied Microbiology Conference
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    • 1978.10a
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    • pp.207.1-207
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    • 1978
  • 이미 발표한바 있는 Monascous sp.의 색소 배양액으로부터 식품응용에 적용하기 위한 기초적 자료를 얻기 위하여 조색소 분말의 생산, 물리적 성상과 생리적 성질을 검토하였다. 본 실험은 발효액으로부터 60% alcohol과 pe-troleum ether로 추출하여 alcohol층에서 적색계, petroleum ether층에서 황색계 색소를 얻었으며, 생산된 적색계 조색소는 5종의 색소물질이 복합되어 있었고 pH 3에서 9까지 안정하였으며 O.D 495∼500nm에서 흡수극대를 나타내었다. 적색 조색소분말(색소 1000mcg/mg 기준 때)과 색소액은 시험 시료농도에서 bio-activity는 없었으며 급성 독소시험은 positive 용혈반응 negative였다.

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Inhibitory Effect of $Zn^{+2}$ on Tolaasin-induced Hemolysis ($Zn^{+2}$에 의한 Tolaasin의 용혈활성 저해효과)

  • Cho, Kwang-Hyun;Kim, Sung-Tae;Kim, Young-Kee
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.49 no.4
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    • pp.281-286
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    • 2006
  • Tolaasin, a pore-forming toxin, is a 1,985 Da peptide produced by Pseudomonas tolaasii and causes a brown blotch disease on cultivated mushrooms. Tolaasin forms pores on the plasma membrane of various cells including fungi, bacteria, plant as well as erythrocytes, and destroys cell structure. $Zn^{+2}$ has been known to block the tolaasin activity by an unknown mechanism. Thus, we investigated the inhibitory effects of $Zn^{+2}$ on the tolaasin-induced hemolysis to understand the molecular mechanism of tolaasin-induced pore formation. $Zn^{+2}$ and $Cd^{+2}$ inhibited the tolaasin-induced hemolysis in a dose-dependent manner and their Ki values were 170 ${\mu}M$ and 20 mM, respectively. The effect of $Zn^{+2}$ was reversible since the subsequent addition of EDTA chelates $Zn^{+2}$ and removes the inhibitory effect of $Zn^{+2}$. When an osmotic protectant, PEG 2000, was added, the tolaasin-induced hemolysis was not observed. After the removal of osmotic protectant by centrifugation, resuspended erythrocytes with fresh medium were immediately hemolyzed, while the addition of $Zn^{+2}$ prevented from hemolysis, implying that tolaasin-induced pores on the membrane were already formed in the medium containing osmotic protectant. These results suggest that $Zn^{+2}$ inhibits the activity of tolaasin pores and it has minor effects on the membrane binding of tolaasin and the formation of pore.

pH-dependence in the inhibitory effects of Zn2+ and Ni2+ on tolaasin-induced hemolytic activity (Zn2+와 Ni2+에 의한 톨라신 용혈활성 저해효과의 pH 의존성)

  • Yun, Yeong-Bae;Choi, Tae-Keun;Kim, Young-Kee
    • Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.61 no.3
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    • pp.213-217
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    • 2018
  • Tolaasin secreted by Pseudomonas tolaasii is a peptide toxin and causes brown blotch disease on the cultivated mushrooms by collapsing cellular and fruiting body structure. Toxicity of tolaasin was evaluated by measuring hemolytic activity because tolaasin molecules form membrane pores on the red blood cells and destroy cell membrane structure. In the previous studies, we found that tolaasin cytotoxicity was suppressed by $Zn^{2+}$ and $Ni^{2+}$. $Ni^{2+}$ inhibited the tolaasin-induced hemolysis in a dose-dependent manner and its $K_i$ value was 1.8 mM. The hemolytic activity was completely inhibited at the concentration higher than 10 mM. The inhibitory effect of $Zn^{2+}$ on tolaasin-induced hemolysis was increased in alkaline pH, while that of $Ni^{2+}$was not much dependent on pH. When the pH of buffer solution was increased from pH 7 to pH 9, the time for 50% hemolysis ($T_{50}$) was increased greatly by $100{\mu}M$ $Zn^{2+}$; however, it was slightly increased by 1 mM $Ni^{2+}$ at all pH values. When the synergistic effect of $Zn^{2+}$ and $Ni^{2+}$ on tolaasin-induced hemolysis was measured, it was not dependent on the pH of buffer solution. Molecular elucidation of the difference in pH-dependence of these two metal ions may contribute to understand the mechanism of tolaasin pore formation and cytotoxicity.

Carboxyethylgermanium sesquioxide(Ge-132)가 cyclophos-phamide로 유발된 마우승의 면역독성에 미치는 효과

  • 표명윤;오현정
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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    • 1994.04a
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    • pp.320-320
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    • 1994
  • Carboxyethylgermanium sesquioxide(Ge-132)를 투여용량(300,600, 900mg/kg)과 투여일을 변화시켜 정상마우스와 cyclophosphamide(CY)로 처리한 마우스에 경구투여한 후, Ge-132가 CY 에 의해 변화된 마우스의 면역기능에 미치는 효과를 실험하였다. SRBC 항원 주사전, 동시 또는 후에 Ge-132를 투여시 SRBC에 대한 적혈구 응집소가와 비장세포의 용혈반 형성세포(PFC)수가 항원 주사일과 관계없이 용량의존적으로 증가되어 체액성 면역반응을 강화시켰으며, 마크로파지의 탐식능도 항진시켰다. 그러나 DNFB에 대한 접촉성 지연형 과민반응은 DNFB 감작일과 투여용량에 관계없이 Ge-132투여로 억제되었다. CY를 투여한 마우스에 Ge-132를 병용 투여한 군이 CY 단독 투여군에 비하여 적혈구 응집소가와 PFC수 및 혈중 탄소입자의 제거율이 현저하게 증가되어, CY로 억제된 체액성 면역반응과 마크로파지의 탐식능이 항진된 것으로 나타났다. DNFB 감작 전 CY 투여로 증폭된 접촉성 지연형 과민반응이 Ge-132 병용투여로 감소되어 CY로 유도된 면역독성 반응에 대한 Ge-132의 저지효과를 시사해 주었다.

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Studies on the Pathogenic Staphylococci aureus from Nasal Cavity (비강(鼻腔)에서 분리(分離)한 황색포도구균(黃色葡萄球菌)의 생화학적(生化學的) 성상(性狀)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • Ju, Jin-Woo
    • The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.67-74
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    • 1982
  • Staphyylococci are responsible for over 80 per cents of the suppurative diseases encountered in medical practice. They cause most suppurative infections of the skin but may also invade and produce severe infections in any other parts of the body. In order to know the carrier rate of staphylococci between the parahospital workers and in the hospital workers, the author undertook isolation of S aureus from nasal cavity on 68 cases of freshmen, 31 cases of sophomores, and 37 cases of juniors in Busan National University, and 30 cases of nursing students, 30 cases of nurses, 30 cases of nurses in charge of operating room and 30 cases of doctors in Busan National University Hospital. The tested total cases were 256 cases which were 136 Cases in parahospital workers and which were 120 cases in hospital workers. The biochemical characters of S aureus strains isolated were studied on coagulase test, mannitol test, hemolysis test and sensitivity test to antimicrobial agents. The results obtained were as follows: 1. S aureus were isolated 49 cases(29.7%) from nasal cavity parahospital workers and were isolated 67 cases(55.8%) from nasal cavity on hospital workers. 2. Among 40 strains of S aureus isolated from parahospital worker's nasal cavity coagulase positive were 29 cases(72.1%), and coagulase negative were 11 cases(27.5%). And mannitol positive were 29 cases(72.5%), and mannitol negative were 11 cases(27.5%). 3. Among 67 strains of S aureus isolated from hospital worker's nasal cavity coagulase positive were 59 cases(88.1%), and coagulase negative were 8 cases(11.9%). And mannitol positive were 49 cases(73.1%), and mannitol negative were 18 cases(26.9%). 4. The hemolysis test of each erythocytes on coagulase and mannitol positive S aureus isolated were sensitive to rabbit(40 cases: 81.6%), guinea pig(26 cases: 53.6%), sheep(13 case: 26.5%), and were not sensitive to chicken and human erythrocytes, respectively. 5. The hemolysis test of each erythocytes on 10 strains of coagulase and mannitol negative S aureus isolated were not sensitive to all of, erythrocytes. 6. The sensitivity test to the various chemotherapeutic agents was almost sensitive to the strains isolated from parahospital workers, but was almost resistant to the strains isolated from hospital workers.

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