• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.101-123
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• 2008

This paper is intended to suggest a development device for Gwangyang Free Economic Zone(GFEZ) to strengthen the competitiveness of its maritime port of Gwangyang and promote the regional development in Gwangyang Bay Area. This study will evaluate the background, processes, and targets for foreign investment, I examined historical treatises as they relate to inducing investments to Free Economic Zones. I will explore good operation and inducing investment methods GFEZ within the 4P(product, price, promotion, place) framework. I tried to suggest a new management methodology for the Free Economic Zones as suggested by the central government from the regional view point. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the marketing strategies; compare them to the 4P for deploying an actual more efficient governing structure body for the GFEZ. As proposals to promote and activate GFEZ, I recommended in this paper several benchmarks. First, GFEZ must construct good clusters related to regional strengths as they relate to products. Second; to give more flexible incentives to foreign companies as compared with China, England, Ireland, India, Malasia, Thailand and Vietnam using prices as a guideline. Third, it is required to cultivate expert manpower who can communicate with foreign clients relate to promotion. A proactive public information system is also required in addition to marketing strategies for inducing investment. Lastly, GFEZ needs to became independent and separate from the central government and even from regional province.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.588-596
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• 2017

Although many policy makers and scholars argue that foreign direct investment is crucial to the economic growth of developing countries, there is no universal agreement on the positive relationship between foreign direct investment inflows and economic growth. Using a cross-country analysis based on data from 88 countries for the years 1990-2015, this paper empirically explores the impact of FDI on economic growth. To this end, several versions of the neoclassical growth models, explicitly including FDI, are estimated. Subject to the appropriate caveats, the results provide further support for several key conclusions of former studies, including the inference that investment in physical capital, population growth, and human capital are important in accounting for economic growth across countries. The results show that FDI significantly contributes to economic growth in developing countries.

• 주택과사람들
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• s.204
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• pp.46-49
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• 2007

1997년 아시아 외환위기를 겪은 인도네시아는 아직 환란을 완전히 극복하지 못했다. 환율은 여전히 안정적이지 않고, 부실 대출 비율이 증가하는 등 불안 요인도 많다. 정부 차원에서 외국인 투자 유치를 위한 정책을 내놓는 등 시장 활성화에 힘쓰고 있는 인도네시아 자카르타 부동산 시장을 짚어보았다.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.145-175
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• 2011

This paper suggests the strategy for attracting FDI in Gwangju and Jeonnam region using the secondary data collected by homepage of Ministry of Knowledge Economy, Gwangju City, and Jeollanam-do. The strategy for attracting FDI in Gwangju and Jeonnam region is as follows: First, the local governments of Gwangju and Jeonnam must progressively attract FDI by adjusting to the Korean government's regional industry policy direction. Second, in order to attract FDI consistently, the local governments of Gwangju and Jeonnam must enhance the ability of local officials to attract FDI. Third, in order to attract FDI effectively, the local governments of Gwangju and Jeonnam must build a complete system to support FDI. Fourth, in order to attract FDI effectively, the local governments of Gwangju and Jeonnam have to apply different investment incentives according to FDI effectiveness. Fifth, the local governments of Gwangju and Jeonnam must consistently support foreign companies in order to induce FDI expansion by foreign companies which have already invested in the Gwangju and Jeonnam regions. Finally, in order to attract FDI consistently, the local governments of Gwangju and Jeonnam must improve the negative images and living environments of the Gwangju and Jeonnam regions.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.803-825
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• 2009

There have been many critical point of view on the Korean industrial relations arguing that its conflictual nature and combative unions, and too much protective labor laws make the foreign investors to avoid Korea as an investment location. This argument has been raised since IMF' financial bail-out when Korea needed badly foreign FDI. Since then, however, any significant improvement in industrial relations field has not been made. In this kind of dead-lock situation, the Ireland' success story give us an important lesson, in which the strong economic growth had been made through the massive FDI, stimulated by the social partnership between government, unions and employers. Our study has an aim to examine the several success factors for Ireland's economic success, and to take a deep look into the context and characteristics of the Ireland' social partnership, and its outcome. We also try to draw some lessons to Korean economy, in particular, in its economic policy and industrial relations.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.67-78
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• 2015

The objective of this paper is to analyze survival rate and factors of FDI(Foreign direct investment) using FDI data of Ministry of Knowledge and Economy. Kaplan-Meier estimation was used. The result was as follows. M&A of FDI was much more risk than Greenfield FDI. .FDI to the IT-service industry was much more risk than FDI to the manufacturing industry. Partnership under 50% was much more risk than partnership over 50%. The accumulated survival rate of M&A was higher then Greenfield until fourth period but was lower than Greenfield after fourth period. The accumulated survival rate of M&A was lower than others from the first period to last period. There was no difference between Partnership under 50% and partnership over 50% to 4th period. After 4th period, Accumulated survival rate of partnership under 50% was higher than accumulated survival partnership over 50%.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.152-167
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• 2015

This paper analyzes the effects of globalization on growth gaps between regions. Using openness and FDI as measures of globalzation in Korean 16 broad autonomous territories the study estimates the effects of the variables on growth gaps between regions. Estimation results show that FDI is significant in explaining the regional gaps while openness is not. The results of the study reveal that attracting FDI to weaker regions, especially the investment in New Industries, is inevitable to resolve growth gaps and for balanced growth among regions. Also, policy makers should use FDI as an important tool for correcting regional gaps as well as the vehicles for regional development.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.69-81
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• 2021

Pakistan is a South Asian auspicious developing country. Based on the corruption perception index report 2020 by transparency international, Pakistan has ranked 124 with total scores of 31 globally and 188 ranks with a score of -2.25 in terms of political stability ranging from 0 (lowest) to 100 (highest). More crucially, the inflow of foreign direct investment toward Pakistan has declined between 2008 and 2019. Though political instability and government corruption have both positive and negative linear relationships with foreign direct investment, we tested the moderating impact of government corruption between political instability and inward foreign direct investment over time. We also tested the relationship between political instability and inward foreign direct investment in different phases of political regimes in the same country. Our results suggested that authoritarian regimes attracted more inward foreign direct investment than that during democratic periods of government. Furthermore, we found that there was low inward foreign direct investment when government corruption was high in the country. However, government corruption weakened the positive relationship between political instability and inward foreign direct investment (FDI).

• Air Cleaning Technology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.29-40
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• 2015

중국의 급속한 산업화로 대기, 수질, 폐기물 등 환경오염문제가 심화, 고착화되면서 이를 개선하기 위해 중국 정부는 환경규제를 지속적으로 강화하고 있다. 또한 외국인 투자유치로 제조업 육성에 어느 정도 성공을 거둠에 따라 외국인 투자 유치와 제조업 경영활동에 있어 환경 이슈를 매우 중요시하고 있어 신규 및 사업확장에 제동이 걸리고 있다. 중국은 신규법인수 기준으로 우리나라의 최대 해외직접투자국이며, 제조업종에 대한 투자금액이 전체 투자금액의 88.3%를 차지하고 있다. 중국에 진출한 기업들은 중소기업이 전체 진출기업의 약 90%로 중국의 환경규제 강화는 중국에 진출한 우리 중소기업들에게 직접적인 영향을 미치고 있다. 중국 정부는 분야별 환경목표를 강화하고 오염물질배출 업체를 퇴출시키는 등 강력한 조치를 전개하고 있으며, 중앙 정부의 환경목표 강화 기조와 더불어 해당 지역민의 친환경에 대한 요구가 점차 커짐에 따라, 각 지방정부는 환경 관련 지역 목표 달성을 위해 업체 관리감독을 대폭 강화하고 있는 추세이다. 이러한 중국의 환경규제 강화는 진출 기업이나 진출을 준비하는 기업들의 설비투자비나 오염배출비용 부담 증가 등 상당한 리스크로 작용하고 있으며 향후에도 중국의 환경규제 강화 기조는 지속될 것으로 전망된다. 실제 중국에 진출한 기업들은 환경규제를 직접적으로 체감하고 있다. 규제집행의 강도가 눈에 띄게 높아져 엄격한 기준을 적용받고 처벌수위 역시 높아졌으며, 과거 관시를 통해 원만한 해결이 가능했다면 이제는 환경규제에 대해 원칙적이고 보수적인 공무원의 태도로 인해 관시로도 해결이 어려운 경우가 다반사이다. 또한, 주민들도 환경규제에 대한 인식수준이 높아짐에 따라 미미한 사안에도 즉각적인 반응을 보여 민원제기 사례가 빈번히 발생하고 환경안전 기준이 점점 높아짐에 따라 이에 대응하기 위해 환경안전 설비추가, 친환경연료 사용 등 추가적인 비용이 발생하고 있다. 이에 이미 진출한 기업들은 소재지 환경규제의 강화 전망 및 이로 인한 손실정도를 사전에 파악하고 다양한 옵션에서 대응전략을 마련해야 하며, 향후 중국 진출계획을 가지고 있는 기업들은 진출에 앞서 지역별로 차별화된 시장기회와 환경규제 강도 등 현지 실사를 통한 현장중심 리스크 분석을 실시해야 한다. 또한 이미 진출한 기업 및 진출예정 기업 모두 환경규제가 강화되고 있는 중국에서 사업을 하기 위해서는 법규와 기본원칙을 반드시 준수하고 규제가 더 강화될 것 이라는 기조를 인식할 필요가 있다.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.87-106
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• 2009

This paper is intended to suggest benchmarking ascension for the Gwangyang Port as a hub for international logistics. Most countries that seek to join. and lead, the global trading system as they work to develop production and logistics systems that establish a reputation for leadership in international logistics. Our focus in this research is on the Gwangyang Port and whether Gwangyang Port is capable of carving out a competitive niche as a hub of international logistics. Our analysis is based on comparison and analysis with benchmark port developments around the world. As proposals to promote and activate Gwangyang Port as a hub for international logistics, we recommended in this paper several benchmarks. First, Gwangyang Port FTZ must strengthen the incentive system for tenant companies and providing an inducement for new global companies. Second, Gwangyang Port needs to moderation of regulation on the investment tenant companies and strengthening one-stop service. Third, it is required to stabilize labor and management relationship and securing of flexibility of labor market. Lastly, Gwangyang Port must strengthen mutual interaction of Free Economic Zone (FEZ), Customs Free Zone(CFZ) and Free trade Zone(FTZ) in Korea.