• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2021.11a
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• pp.1-2
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• 2021

조선시대는 해양활동이 위축된 시대로, 대부분의 항해는 연안항해였다. 연안항해는 암초, 저수심, 좁은항로 등으로 항해자에게 해양사고의 부담을 가중시켰다. 조선시대 해양사고는 조선왕조실록 등에 209건이 기록되어 있는 것처럼 지속적으로 발생했다. 따라서 국가경제와 직결되는 조운선의 해양사고 예방은 무엇보다 중요했다. 조선정부는 조운선의 해양사고 예방을 위해 표목을 암초, 서초 등에 설치하도록 대전속록, 속대전 등에 법제화하였다.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.95-105
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• 2010

Kings of many generations in Chosun Dynasty considered the Zhu-Zi's Zizhitongjiangangmu as an important history book. When Sarim appeared to the front of main political arena since Chung jung, it had been common for regional administrator to publish and distribute books with the need for text-type resources. Zizhitongjiangangmu published by Jikji-temple in Kimchun area is a valuable resource that contains the purpose of publishing those books and describes the process of publishing and engraving in detail. The Annals of the Chosun Dynasty and Miamilgi also provides detailed descriptions of the process of how to transfer those woodblock-printed books to the Kyosokwan, which had been engraved by several regions and gathered together into Jikji-temple. Therefore, this research analyzed the contents contained in The Annals of the Chosun Dynasty and Miamilgi and connected them to postscript of Zizhitongjiangangmu published by Jikjitemple in order to identify the characteristics of regional publications in the latter part of the 16th century.

• 보존과학연구
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• s.31
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• pp.9-16
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• 2010

The Annals of the Joseon Dynasty is one of the World Heritage which should be conserved well. However, some of wax treated volume of the Annals of the Joseon Dynasty have damaged seriously. Currently a variety of efforts to conserve and restore the injured volumes are continued and many studies about the aging mechanism of the wax treated volume have being progressed. The analysis of VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds) emitted from paper cultural heritage is one of the methods to understand the degradation pathway of paper cultural heritage. The analysis of VOCs emitted from paper cultural heritage has been mainly conducted by SPME (Solid Phase Microextraction) method. SPME is potable and simple method but it is difficult to collect all VOCs emitted from a book such as the Annals of Joseon Dynasty. The dynamic chamber system has generally used to do analysis of VOCs emitted from the building materials, furniture and electric appliances. The chamber system is possible to do quantitative and qualitative analysis by a continuous $N_2$ gas flow and the proper chamber which is able to gather all VOCs emitted from the Annals of the Joseon Dynasty. In this study, the most material among detected VOCs was Naphthalene. Naphthalene has used to prevent organic cultural heritage from being damaged by various microbes for a long time. Apart from Naphthalene, main VOCs were Acetic acid, 2-Chloroethanol, 2-Bromoethanol, Furfural, 1-Methylnaphthalene, Azulene, and 2,4-Dioctylphenol. Of these VOCs, Furfural especially was known for a marker which represents a different emission rate according to the aging level.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.623-630
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• 2007

The remarkable fact regarding the History of Chosun Dynasty(from Jungjong- Youngjo) is that any slightest evidence can't be found that Pobeckchuck was used to measure clothes or various Pobecks. There remains the document that in the 22nd years of Myeonjong, Japan required that Pobeckchuck be used, but it couldn't be allowed because of the reason it was made in the former king. This fact raises the high possibility that Pobeckchuck could be the most trustworthy standardized ruler at that time, and in other point of view, it can be presumed that the measurement in the period of King Sejong continued to have been used until this time. It can be seen that the length of one Chuck of Pobeckchuck at this time must have been equivalent to 46. 73cm of Pobeckchuck of Samchuck in the period of Sejong. In the History of Sunjo Period, many records on Pobeckchuck can be found, which fact seemed to have rectified the measurement system which was disordered by military revolt, though the reason is not clear. Also a record can be found that in the period of Sunjo, Chinese envoy required the Sunjo Regime to use Pobeckchuck for the measurement of copper pillar, which record supports the fact that Pobeckchuck is the standardized ruler. Another record that in the 26th period of Youngjo, Pobeckchuck of Samchuck was corrected according to the Kyeongkukdaejeon shows that the length of Pobeckchuck was 46.80cm at that time. Also, the record which rectified many rulers with the comparison of Hwangjong-chuck, Ju-chuck, Joryeki-chuck, Yongjo-chuck, etc. with one another reveals that the rulers used in the period of Sejong continued to have been used unchanged until in the period of Youngjo.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2003

The following paper deals with Persian costume of Achaemanid period in Persia. The study about Persian costume is very important for the research of European and Asian costume. However, its theme is insufficiently examined until now, so we were not able to recognize the Persian costume culture properly. For the reason mentioned above, this study is necessary for understanding the Persian costume culture at that time correctly. The research was undertaken with the information on historical archaeological art sites, analyzing the dressing carved in the reliefs of king's Audiencescene in Apadanastairs in Persepolis. The results driven from the study are as the following: There are two styles in the reliefs of Audiencescene in Apadanastairs. One is long robe with pleats, which is called Persiandress. The other is tunic and trousers. Persiandress, long robe with pleats which was the typical dress in Persia at that time was originally the dress of Elamites, who occupied a very advanced civilization in this region. This robe was a borrowing by the Persians from their Elamite neighbours as formal dress. There is the Persian dress worn by king, prince, guardsmen, servants in the reliefs of Audiencescene in Apadanastairs. It is inferred from this that the dress was popularly worn in Persian court. Tunic and trousers, the typical clothing of ridding race, is worn by Median who is one of the relatives of Persian. The tunic has narrow sleeves and is reaching the knees. The trousers are ending at the ankle. Beyond the clothing, various headgear are also examined according to the social status and nationality. These are being precious materials for study on the persian costume among the relations with other surrounding countries.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.1-21
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• 2016

This article examined the different types of Jeonuhwa as recorded in 16 royal palace studies from the Joseon dynasty (1392-1909). The ingredients used in Jeonuhwa during the Joseon dynasty were categorized as follows: 16.0% for gray mullet(秀魚) and fish(生鮮), 14.2% each for liver and cow stomach, 12.3% for sea cucumber(海蔘), 4.7% each for crab(蟹), clam(生蛤), and chunyup(千葉), 3.9% each for pork meat(豬肉), octopus, 2.8% each for oyster(石花), pheasant(生雉), and chicken(鷄), 2.0% each for croaker(民魚), and brain (骨), 0.9% each for duck(鴨子), pigeon(山鳩), dobi(都飛), snapper, white fish(白魚), mussel(紅蛤), haeran(蟹卵), quail(鶉鳥), egg(鷄卵), and sesame(實荏子). This observation may be associated with commercial industrial development that prevailed during the late Joseon dynasty. Further studies will be conducted on recipes and ingredients recorded in Euigwe in order to develop a standardized recipe for Jeonuhwa.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.41-54
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• 2005

The purposes of this study on various headgear at the age of the Persian Achaemenes are to analyze one cultural aspect of the Achaemenes Kingdom that made a great empire about 5th century B.C. and to understand the ancient Persian culture. It is widely recognized that the Persian region was an important place for cultural exchange between the East and the West through the Silk Road and its culture affected China and Korea. Therefore, it is necessary to study ancient culture in this region for further understanding of the Korean culture. However, research activities have not been satisfactorily conducted. This study is an attempt to elevate the interest in this subject. In this study, European archeological materials covering Naqsh-e-Rostam (a tomb of Darius), Apadana stairs, Darius palace in Persepolis, and Bistun(Behistun), the relief at the age of the Achaemenes Kingdom, were collected and analyzed. From this study, the following results were obtained. For crowns at the age of the Achaemenes Kingdom, two kinds of shapes are observed; Mitra, a kind of headband, in the early period and a cylindrical one in the later period. Mitra was also worn by chiefs trusted by the king. Further, slightly different styles of cylindrical crowns were observed, which is considered that kings might wear unique crowns to symbolize new period of their reign. In addition to crowns, various styles of headgear for subjects are observed, meaning that tribes conquered by the Persian empire used their unique headgear. Further, such different styles of headgear might be a tool for social classification. Representative styles of headgear include the semicircular one worn by the Median nobles, Strophion originated from the Elam's headband, and nomadic tribes' Baschlik observed in the Median relics.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.1-13
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• 2017

This article examines the types of Eumchungru as recorded in 16 royal palace studies of the Joseon dynasty (1392-1909). The types of Eumchungru during the Joseon dynasty appeared Hwachae(花菜), Sujunggwa(水正果), Isug(梨熟), Sumyeon(水麵), Sangseolgo(霜雪膏), Gareun-sujeonggwa(假蓮水正果), Hwamyeon (花麵), Cheongmyeon(淸麵), Semyeon(細麵), Saeng-isug(生梨熟), Osaeg-sudan(五色水團), Sudan(水團), Maeg-sudan(麥水團), Bogbunjago(覆盆子膏), Milsu(蜜水). The frequency of the Eumchungru types during the Joseon dynasty in order were; Hwachae(花菜) 26.4%, Sujunggwa(水正果) 20.7%, Isug(梨熟) 17%, Sumyeon(水麵) Sangseolgo(霜雪膏) each 5.6%, Gareun-sujeonggwa(假蓮水正果) Hwamyeon(花麵) Cheongmyeon(淸麵) each 3.8%, Semyeon(細麵) Saeng-isug(生梨熟) Osaeg-sudan(五色水團) Sudan(水團) Maeg-sudan(麥水團) Bogbunjago(覆盆子膏) Milsu(蜜水) each 1.9%. Through this study, through new lighting and menu development for hwachae used as a basis for hope to contribute to the globalization of Korean food.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.799-807
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• 2009

When analyzing make-up trends of figures shown in portraits of different eras in Chinese painting history, you can see that red color was used much. This can be because the red color is the most outstanding among all the colors and was most preferred by ancient people, as the color of the sun, the blood, and the sacredness. The women in the Tang Dynasty was especially using the red color much. Though Seongrihak (Neo-Confucianism) in Song Dynasty was the governing ideology, it had an influence even upon its aesthetics. Thus, during Song Dynasty, the beauty of logos appeared too. This phenomenon showed a conservative tendency even in make-up as well as in costume, thereby the concept of clear and elegant beauty was emphasized. The real figure in the Ming and Ching Dynasty, was so young and weak as a sample of a delicate woman that a woman who had feminine beauty was regarded as an ideal type. The feminine image had been gradually generalized from the literary works in the latter half of Ming Dynasty. However, the painters in the era still preferred the beauty of a healthy woman. That tendency probably had an influence even upon make-up culture that was shown in portrait. As an analysis result of make-up culture in Chinese portrait paintings, it reveals that ancient make-up trends much reflected the social and cultural phenomena of the periods.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.58 no.6
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• pp.124-144
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• 2008

This study is taken as the part of the cultural research on the Kaspian coastal region, which has a great significance as the start of human civilization and in the history of cultural exchange. This study is focused on the Achaemenid dynasty of the great Persian Empire that Iranians have established on the Parsa region, south of Iran on 6-4th century B.C. This research limits to the tribute-relief illustrated on the stairs of Apadana Palace in Persepolis during the age of Achaemenid dynasty. The objective of this research is classify and analyze Persians and its neighboring tribes, their dresses and the detailed elements of the dresses to complete the typology of the dresses in that period and use this to categorize the features of nomadic and agricultural tribes of costal areas of the Mediterranean Sea to Northern India and study the cultural exchange and its effects. Furthermore, we aim to use the above typology to revise the typology of the Korean traditional dresses that were formerly just sorted as a type of coat-trousers that classified as a nomadian Scythian dress type. The results of above analysis are as follows: The clothing of many tribes living in the coastal areas of Mediterranean Sea to the Northern India in the Achaemenid dynasty of Persia on 6th century B.C. shows that the typology of the dressings have close relationship with the region they live in. Such typology is displayed differently from tribes east and west of Iran. The tribes west of Iran showed characteristics of an agricultural tribe and the tribes east of Iran displayed features of a nomadic tribe. In addition, uniformed styles of dressing were displayed amongst many tribes sharing a common lineage. Such inference came from the fact that similar styles of dressings were identified not only in tribes east of Iran but also in tribes west of Iran.