• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.377-384
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• 2016

There are physical and chemical method for removement of a lacquered layer existing on the surface when gilding an iron Buddha, these caused environmental pollution by surface degradation and is very noxious for conservation scientist's health. Thus, on this study, we conducted a lacquered layer removement experiments using Nd:YAG Laser which is contactless and eco-friendly. Specimens were made by polishing $5{\times}5$ size of iron(99.9%) specimens surfaces evenly and by differing of number of coating of unrefined lacquer, so there were thickness differences of $10{\mu}m$, $20{\mu}m$, and $30{\mu}m$. The laser machine used in this study was Nd:YAG Laser, and we used two wavelength modes; 1064 nm(160~180 mJ) for infrared light region and 532 nm(50~350 mJ) for ultraviolet light region. The experiment done by investigating the transition of specimens' surfaces with laser wavelength, energy, and numbers of investigation. The remain amount of lacquered layer surfaces before/after laser irradiation was investigated by stereoscopic microscope, observation by SEM, Non-contact Surface Roughness Measurement Device, and FT-IR etc. As a result of each analysis, we could verify the thickness of $10{\mu}m$, $20{\mu}m$ of lacquered layer removed without surface degradation when using 1064 nm wavelength with $1.0J/cm^2$ density. We could find out that Nd:YAG Laser is effective for removing remained lacquered layers when gilding an iron Buddha. In the future, when not only the metal has made various studies also wood lacquered furniture or the like, it seems to be utilized to remove the lacquer without surface damage.

• 보존과학연구
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• s.32
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• pp.53-60
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• 2011

The aim of this study is to investigate the traditional manufacturing technique of lacquering by comparing and analyzing materials used for wooden lacquerware artifacts with focus on the Joseon dynasty Eugye, and to apply the manufacturing technique to the conservation treatment of the lacquerware. artifacts. This study conducted the documentary survey focusing on "Yongjo Jeongsun Queen Consort Garye Dogam Eugye",and "Jeongjo Gukjang Dogam Eugye." The royal lacquering is roughly classified into three categories-scarlet lacquering, quality black lacquering, and terra rosa lacquering- according to materials used for lacquerware. The bean flour was mostly used for under lacquering of the articles which was offered to the king and in case of other articles, bean flour was used mixed with bone ashes. In some cases, burned pine soot was added to under lacquering. Japanese scarlet lacquering was applied by mixing maechil-main coat, in inverted commas- with Japenese scarlet after lacquering jeonchil-base coat, in inverted commas-. In case of Chinese scarlet lacquering, part of terra rosa was used mixed with red clay. For quality black lacquering, basically jeonchil and maechil were used, but sometimes part of burned pine soot was added. In addition, terra rosa lacquering was applied by basically using terra rosa mixed with red clay. Lastly, gloss was given by using perilla oil. It is expected that the traditional materials and technique examined through both documentary and relic research will contribute to advanced result of the conservation treatment of wooden lacqueringware artifacts.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.267-270
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• 2006

In Korea, for a long time Rhus verniciflua has traditionally been used as an herbal medicines plants. A stem of Rhus verniciflua has been used to treat gastrointestinal trouble with in form of boiled chicken as a folk medicine. But it has been recognized as an extremely active allergen causing skin reactions. The chief allergenic component, urushiol, is found within the oleoresinous sap of Rhus verniciflua. Most components of urushiol have unsaturated side chains. These unsaturated side chains of urushiol are important to polymerization of these natural products. The urushiol components in Korean lacquer were isolated by reversed phase HPLC. The molecular weight of purified urushiol was determined as 340 from mass analysis. This compound was identified as Heptadecatetraenyl catechol (MW 340).

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.659-666
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• 2016

Effect of color is to the human in modern society, has become an important element from the mental psychological aspects. Color is to heal the dry emotion directed the feelings and emotions that occur in the message visually the human mind, the environment plays a role that will enhance the value of life in accordance with the color that has been expressed. In this study, the metal jewelry on the sides to eliminate monotonous color expression of the metal using a Ottchil and Porcelaine 150 paint by applying the method of representing, it shows changes in various colors. Chapter and comparative analysis to produce a metal piece of Ottchil and Porcelaine 150 paint. It was derived as a result of the defect. Advantage is a method in combination of this, in comparison with the general method of metal color expression, were able to variously express color effect, since the role of the surface coating, to prevent the vessels discoloration the variable problems can give complemented on. The disadvantage is, Ottchil appears Ottchil up phenomenon by constitution, Porcelaine 150 paint, when used in the dishes in the chemical composition, can be harmful to health. To apply to work in the this reference, trying to contribute to the practicality of implementation and artistry.

• 산림경영
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• s.74
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• pp.22-22
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• 1992

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.326-344
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• 2020

Laccase was applied to improve the drying speed of urushi lacquer to confirm a potential use of laccase as an enzyme additive. As a result of applying laccase of lacquer and white-rot fungi, drying times for both Korean and Chinese specimens were reduced. All of the specimens to which laccase was applied were dried(set to touch) within 60 minutes from the start of the drying, and the drying rate was improved as the content ratio of laccase increased. In addition, although there were differences in hardening drying time between Korean and Chinese lacquers, it was confirmed that hardening drying took place even at room with temperature of 20 ± 2 ℃ and humidity of 55-60%. As a result of lacquer layer analysis of the dried specimens, the drying speed was improved when the content ratio of laccase to urushiol was 5:1, and there were no differences in chromaticity and adhesion, confirmed that the layers were stable. It was observed that the gloss of both Korean and Chinese lacquers were reduced when laccase was applied. However, according to the analysis of FT-IR and Py-GC/MS, the changes in components were not as sufficient to affect the physical properties. Thus, its applicability as an additive was confirmed.

• Proceedings of the KSFDT Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.23-34
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• 2006

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 2000

It was thought that the stiffness of a coated specimen became lower than that of the solid wood because the stiffness of the dried film of coating material is lower than that of the solid wood. The authors were trying to compare the effect of lacquer varnish and rhus lacquer on the resonant frequency of the solid woods for the violin, spruce and maple. Vibration modal shape of coated specimens were same to those of solid woods, but the frequency became lower at each mode as were expected regardless of coat. frequency decrement of coated specimen was getting larger at upper mode in both European violin woods, however, rhus lacquer coated spruce specimens were less affected than lacquer varnish coated specimens.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.31-42
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• 2001

In this study, we obtained fundamental data about Korean raw lacquer's physical and chemical properties to produce high quality lacquer. The tested raw lacquers were obtained from Won-ju in Korea, Shanxishang, Guizhoushang, Anhuishang in China. The drying time of refining lacquers, tensile strengths of dried films and uniformity of films are measured. The refined lacquers were prepared by experimentally scaled refining equipment. Films of lacquer were applied on glasses by film applicator. This films were tested by universal strength test machine. The films were pictured by scanning electron microscopy and confocal microscopy to define the uniformity of them. The refining method were not different among three different kind of raw lacquers which were different their collecting time and places. But the viscosity of them were quite different. When black refined lacquer is made with iron powder, the adding time of iron powder is critical to control the viscosity of it. The refining times, viscosity and tensile strength of refined lacquers were not depended the method of refining condition but the place of collecting of raw lacquer.

• SUVANNABHUMI
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.121-126
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• 2009