• Journal of Appropriate Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.136-145
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• 2020

Agriculture is the backbone of the economy of most developing countries. In these countries, agriculture or farming is mostly done manually with little integration of machinery, intelligent systems and data monitoring. Irrigation is an essential process that directly influences crop production. The fluctuating amount of rainfall per year has led to the adoption of irrigation systems in most farms. The absence of smart sensors, monitoring methods and control, has led to low harvests and draining water sources. In this research paper, we introduce a 433 MHz Radio Frequency and 2G based Smart Irrigation Meter System and a water prepayment system for rural areas of Tanzania with no reliable internet coverage. Specifically, Ngurudoto area in Arusha region where it will be used as a case study for data collection. The proposed system is hybrid, comprising of both weather data (evapotranspiration) and soil moisture data. The architecture of the system has on-site weather measurement controllers, soil moisture sensors buried on the ground, water flow sensors, a solenoid valve, and a prepayment system. To achieve high precision in linear and nonlinear regression and to improve classification and prediction, this work cascades a Dynamic Regression Algorithm and Naïve Bayes algorithm.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.689-700
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• 2022

Layout work for building structures requires high precision to construct structural elements in the correct location. However, the accuracy and precision of the layout position are affected by the worker's skill, and productivity can be reduced when there is information loss and error. To solve this problem, it is necessary to automate the overall layout operation and introduce information technology, and layout process automation using construction robots can be an effective means of doing this. This study develops a prototype of an automated layout robot for building structures and evaluates its basic performance. The developed robot is largely composed of driving, marking, sensing, and control units, and is designed to enable various driving methods, and movement and rotation of the marking unit in consideration of the environment on structural work. The driving and marking performance experiments showed satisfactory performance in terms of driving distance error and marking quality, while the need for improvement in terms of some driving methods and marking precision was confirmed. Based on the results of this study, we intend to continuously improve the robot's performance and establish an automation system for overall layout work process.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.250-258
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• 2007

Current speech recognition technology s achieved high performance with the development of hardware devices, however it is insufficient for some applications where high reliability is required, such as voice control of powered wheelchairs for disabled persons. For the system which aims to operate powered wheelchairs safely by voice in real environment, we need to consider that non-voice commands such as user s coughing, breathing, and spark-like mechanical noise should be rejected and the wheelchair system need to recognize the speech commands affected by disability, which contains specific pronunciation speed and frequency. In this paper, we propose non-voice rejection method to perform voice/non-voice classification using both YIN based fundamental frequency(F0) extraction and reliability in preprocessing. We adopted a multi-template dictionary and acoustic modeling based speaker adaptation to cope with the pronunciation variation of inarticulately uttered speech. From the recognition tests conducted with the data collected in real environment, proposed YIN based fundamental extraction showed recall-precision rate of 95.1% better than that of 62% by cepstrum based method. Recognition test by a new system applied with multi-template dictionary and MAP adaptation also showed much higher accuracy of 99.5% than that of 78.6% by baseline system.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.225-249
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to develop an evaluation tool for map-based data visualization platforms and to conduct heuristic usability evaluations on existing platforms representing inter-regional information. We compared and analyzed the usability evaluation criteria of map-based platforms from the previous studies along with Nielsen's (1994) 10 usability evaluation principles. We proposed nine evaluation criteria, including (1) visibility, (2) representation of the real world, (3) consistency and standards, (4) user control and friendliness, (5) flexibility, (6) design, (7) compatibility, (8) error prevention and handling, and (9) help provision and documentation. Additionally, to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed criteria, four experts was invited to evaluate five domestic and international map-based data visualization platforms. As a result, the experts were able to rank the usability of the five platforms using the proposed map-based data visualization usability evaluation criteria, which included quantified scores and subjective opinions. The results of this study are expected to serve as foundational material for the future development and evaluation of map-based visualization platforms.

• The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.149-159
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• 2016

Purpose : To evaluate the usefulness of the breathing exercise,we analyzed the change in the RPM signal and the diaphragm imagebefore 4D respiratory gated radiation therapy planning of lung cancer patients. Materials and Methods : The breathing training was enforced on 11 patients getting the 4D respiratory gated radiation therapy from April, 2016 until August. At the same time, RPM signal and diaphragm image was obtained respiration training total three steps in step 1 signal acquisition of free-breathing state, 2 steps respiratory signal acquisition through the guide of the respiratory signal, 3 steps, won the regular respiration signal to the description and repeat training. And then, acquired the minimum value, maximum value, average value, and a standard deviation of the inspiration and expiration in RPM signal and diaphragm image in each steps. Were normalized by the value of the step 1, to convert the 2,3 steps to the other distribution ratio (%), by evaluating the change in the interior of the respiratory motion of the patient, it was evaluated breathing exercise usefulness of each patient. Results : The mean value and the standard deviation of each step were obtained with the procedure 1 of the RPM signal and the diaphragm amplitude as a 100% reference. In the RPM signal, the amplitudes and standard deviations of four patients (36.4%, eleven) decreased by 18.1%, 27.6% on average in 3 steps, and 2 patients (18.2%, 11 people) had standard deviation, It decreased by an average of 36.5%. Meanwhile, the other four patients (36.4%, eleven) decreased by an average of only amplitude 13.1%. In Step 3, the amplitude of the diaphragm image decreased by 30% on average of 9 patients (81.8%, 11 people), and the average of 2 patients (18.2%, 11 people) increased by 7.3%. However, the amplitudes of RPM signals and diaphragm image in 3steps were reduced by 52.6% and 42.1% on average from all patients, respectively, compared to the 2 steps. Relationship between RPM signal and diaphragm image amplitude difference was consistent with patterns of movement 1, 2 and 3steps, respectively, except for No. 2 No. 10 patients. Conclusion : It is possible to induce an optimized respiratory cycle when respiratory training is done. By conducting respiratory training before treatment, it was possible to expect the effect of predicting the movement of the lung which could control the patient's respiration. Ultimately, it can be said that breathing exercises are useful because it is possible to minimize the systematic error of radiotherapy, expect more accurate treatment. In this study, it is limited to research analyzed based on data on respiratory training before treatment, and it will be necessary to verify with the actual CT plan and the data acquired during treatment in the future.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.124-130
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• 2003

Currently, as a consequence of PACS (Picture Archiving Communication System) implementation many hospitals are replacing conventional film-type interpretations of diagnostic medical images with new digital-format interpretations that can also be saved, and retrieve However, the big limitation in PACS is considered to be the lack of mobility. The purpose of this study is to determine the optimal communication packet size. This was done by considering the terms occurred in the wireless communication. After encoding medical image using JPGE2000 image compression method, This method embodied auto-error correction technique preventing the loss of packets occurred during wireless communication. A PC class server, with capabilities to load, collect data, save images, and connect with other network, was installed. Image data were compressed using JPEG2000 algorithm which supports the capability of high energy density and compression ratio, to communicate through a wireless network. Image data were also transmitted in block units coeded by JPEG2000 to prevent the loss of the packets in a wireless network. When JPGE2000 image data were decoded in a PUA (Personal Digital Assistant), it was instantaneous for a MR (Magnetic Resonance) head image of 256${\times}$256 pixels, while it took approximately 5 seconds to decode a CR (Computed Radiography) chest image of 800${\times}$790 pixels. In the transmission of the image data using a CDMA 1X module (Code-Division Multiple Access 1st Generation), 256 byte/sec was considered a stable transmission rate, but packets were lost in the intervals at the transmission rate of 1Kbyte/sec. However, even with a transmission rate above 1 Kbyte/sec, packets were not lost in wireless LAN. Current PACS are not compatible with wireless networks. because it does not have an interface between wired and wireless. Thus, the mobile JPEG2000 image viewing system was developed in order to complement mobility-a limitation in PACS. Moreover, the weak-connections of the wireless network was enhanced by re-transmitting image data within a limitations The results of this study are expected to play an interface role between the current wired-networks PACS and the mobile devices.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.298-303
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• 2014

In this study, we examine the trends and types of incidents frequently occur during radiation therapy by using the data from the radiation oncology safety information system (ROSIS), according to discovery method explores the development direction of future research accident cause factor control method. This study was carried out analysis of incident data in ROSIS nearly 1163 cases in last 11 years from 2003 to 2013. We categorized into treatment methods, found the time, discoverer of occupations and finding ways to analyze the data. Then, we calculate the percentage and the classification for each item. About 1163 cases of incident cases including the near miss cases, external radiation therapy, brachytherapy and other were 97%, 2% and 1%. In the case was improperly planned dose delivery was 44% (497 cases) which 429 cases (86%) was found before 3 fractions and 13 cases were found after 11 fractions. The investigation was found to be distributed in various a found times. Approximately 42% of found time was during treatment and 29% of patients were found the problem during inspection chart. Occupation to discover the most radiation accidents was the radiation therapist (53%) who works in treatment room. Among 1163 incidence cases, 24% cases were found the accident before the treatment, therefore most of accident were found after of during the treatment (70%, 813 cases). This trend is acquired through ROSIS analysis, is expected to be not significantly different in the case of Korea, so it is necessary more diverse and systematic research for the prevention and early detection by using the ROSIS data.